I'm executing this makefile to compile a Fortran code using gfortran, gcc, netcdf and mpich2 libraries.
When the make script executes the following command,
gfortran -O3 -I/home/santiago/Install/mpich2_sam/include -I/home/santiago/Install/netcdf_sam/include /home/santiago/Modeling/SAM6.8.2/SRC/fft.f
I get the following message:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.3/../../../../lib64/crt1.o: In
function _start': (.text+0x20): undefined reference tomain'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I have found similar error messages in forums, but I didn't saw how to apply the solutions in my problem.
Could someone please guide me solving this problem?
If you are building a library, you might need -c flag in
.f.o:
${FF77} ${FFLAGS} $<
i.e.
.f.o:
${FF77} ${FFLAGS} -c $<
The same applies for
.f90.o:
${FF90} ${FFLAGS} -c $<
.c.o:
${CC} ${CFLAGS} -I$(SAM_SRC)/TIMING $(NOTIMERS) -c $<
Related
I have a problem trying to create a Makefile that compile multiple sorces, generate only a shared library and make an exe with another file wiht the main function.
The sorces also have dependencies.
My Makefile is
CC=gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall -g
BINS=libsensorMotor.so maintarget
all: $(BINS)
libsensorMotor.o: libsensorMotor.cpp sensorMotor.h Adafruit_ADS1015.cpp Adafruit_ADS1015.h wiringPiI2C.c wiringPiI2C.h enumADCGain.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c libsensorMotor.cpp Adafruit_ADS1015.cpp wiringPiI2C.c
libsensorMotor.so: libsensorMotor.cpp sensorMotor.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -fPIC -shared -o $# libsensorMotor.cpp -lc
maintarget: maintarget.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $# $^ -L. -lsensorMotor -pthread
clean:
rm *.o $(BINS)
The script show the errors:
libsensorMotor.so Undefined reference to 'functionXXXX'
maintarget contains the main and use libsensorMotor as a shared library. libsensorMotor depends and include all the rest of the files
The error mention all the functions that libsensorMotor uses from the include sources.
I only need to generate a correct libsensorMotor.so that can use as shared library from any other main file. Internet has many tutorials but are unclear, weird and complicated, and not show how do this simple.
Is not Makefile problem, simply the line
gcc -pthread -lm -o maintarget maintarget.c libsensorMotor.cpp Adafruit_ADS1015.cpp wiringPiI2C.c
sends same error, the compiler not recongnice the function inside the pthread_create while compile C and C++ with gcc
I have simple C-code and big libname.so, with libname.h of corse.
I tryed gcc -L. -lurpcadc -o -I Ctest.c, i did preliminarily export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/way/to/lib, but i caught next errors:
/tmp/cc4jgpfg.o: In function `main':
Ctest.c:(.text+0x10): undefined reference to `func_from_lib'
...
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
What i need to do?
It is too simple, but sometimes I have problems with this kind of thing.
gcc Ctest.c -I. -L. -lname -o Ctest
Headings were searched in the wrong place.
I'm trying to compile my project and I use the lib ncurse. And I've got some errors when compiler links files.
Here is my flags line in Makefile:
-W -Wall -Werror -Wextra -lncurses
I've included ncurses.h
Some layouts :
prompt$> dpkg -S curses.h
libslang2-dev:amd64: /usr/include/slcurses.h
libncurses5-dev: /usr/include/ncurses.h
libncurses5-dev: /usr/include/curses.h
prompt$> dpkg -L libncurses5-dev | grep .so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libncurses.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcurses.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmenu.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libform.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpanel.s
And here are my erros :
gcc -W -Wall -Werror -Wextra -I./Includes/. -lncurses -o Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.o -c Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.c
./Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.o: In function `ncruses_destroy':
ncurses_init.c:(.text+0x5): undefined reference to `endwin'
./Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.o: In function `ncurses_write_line':
ncurses_init.c:(.text+0xc5): undefined reference to `mvwprintw'
./Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.o: In function `ncurses_init':
ncurses_init.c:(.text+0xee): undefined reference to `initscr'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Thanks a lot
You need to change your makefile so that the -lncurses directive comes after your object code on the gcc command line, i.e. it needs to generate the command:
gcc -W -Wall -Werror -Wextra -I./Includes/. -o Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.o -c Sources/NCurses/ncurses_init.c -lncurses
This is because object files and libraries are linked in order in a single pass.
In C++ , I fixed it just by linking the ncurses library .
Here is the command :
g++ main.cpp -lncurses
I got flags to correct order by using LDLIBS variable:
ifndef PKG_CONFIG
PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config
endif
CFLAGS+=-std=c99 -pedantic -Wall
LDLIBS=$(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --libs ncurses)
man gcc | grep -A10 "\-l library"
-l library
Search the library named library when linking. (The second alternative with the library as a separate argument is only for POSIX
compliance and is not recommended.)
It makes a difference where in the command you write this option; the linker searches and processes libraries and object files
in the order they are specified. Thus, foo.o -lz bar.o searches
library z after file foo.o but
before bar.o. If bar.o refers to functions in z, those functions may not be loaded.
I have a fortran code (pardiso_1.f) and it needs some libraries (BLAS, lapack and Pardiso libraries) to be compiled. When I try to compile it, I link libraries before compilation and I write this line in linux terminal:
gfortran pardiso_1.f -L/home/behnam/Pardiso -lpardiso412-GNU450-X86-64 -L/usr/lib -lblas -llapack -fopenmp
and it works perfectly.
However I have to run the code using makefile. I am so new in writing makefiles and I do not know how to do the linkage. I have written this makefile. could anyone help me to find out what is wrong with that?
FC = gfortran
OPT = -O2
PROGRAMS = pardiso_1
all: $(PROGRAMS)
FFLAGS = -fopenmp
#### BLAS, LAPACK and PTHREAD libraries
LBLAS = /usr/lib/
###location of pardiso file
LIBMKL = /home/behnam/PS2/
#### Series of libraries
LIBRARIES= -llapack -lblas -lpthread -lm -lpardiso412-GNU430-X86-64
PATHFC = /usr/bin/
nlace: ${PATHFC}${FC} ${OPT} ${FFLAGS} -I${PROGRAMS} -o nlace.exe \
-L${LIBMKL} -lpardiso412-GNU430-X86-64\
-L${LBLAS} ${LIBRARIES}
clean:
rm -f *.o *.exe fort.* *~ *.mod
veryclean: clean
rm -f *~ $(PROGRAMS)
The errors are:
behnam#meen-392430:~/testing$ make
make: Warning: File `Makefile' has modification time 23 s in the future
gfortran -fopenmp pardiso_1.f -o pardiso_1
/tmp/ccYNexaH.o: In function `MAIN__':
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0xb3): undefined reference to `pardisoinit_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0x2ae): undefined reference to `pardiso_chkmatrix_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0x36e): undefined reference to `pardiso_chkvec_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0x44c): undefined reference to `pardiso_printstats_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0x5ae): undefined reference to `pardiso_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0x860): undefined reference to `pardiso_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0xb78): undefined reference to `pardiso_'
pardiso_1.f:(.text+0xe00): undefined reference to `pardiso_'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [pardiso_1] Error 1
Your makefile does not contain the -L/home/behnam/Pardiso part of your command line.
Your rule for PROGRAMS does not contain a recipe that includes the library calls. I presume you want something like your nlace rule, but right now, make is not calling any of your -L switches as part of its operation.
I got an assignment to improve running time of some code. The only problem is, I can't even compile it to run it on my machine in the first place. Every time I try, it stops somewhere in the midst of compiling saying this:
"undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::put_mem_block(void*)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: * [cpu] Error 1"
This is how makefile looks:
SHELL = /bin/bash
OBJECTS = main.o atom.o molecule.o charges.o pdb.o asa.o amino.o chain.o addition.o string_operation.o pdb_peptide.o protein_chain.o residue_atom.o chain_residue.o residue_contact.o atom_grid.o circles.o atom_space_calculations.o
OBJDIR = obj
VPATH = src:src/ext:$(OBJDIR)
CFLAGS = -O3 -Wall -lm -lboost_regex -L/usr/local/boost/lib
HDIRS = src,src/ext,src/qt_redistributable, usr/lib, usr/local/lib, usr/local/lib/include/boost, /usr/local/lib/lib/
IOPTS = $(addprefix -I, $(HDIRS))
cpu : $(addprefix $(OBJDIR)/, $(OBJECTS) $(CPUOBJS))
g++ $(CFLAGS) -o mcpu $^
$(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.cpp
g++ $(CFLAGS) $(IOPTS) -c $< -o $#
clean :
rm obj/*.o $(PROG)
I'm using Linux Mint x64 and I have tried everything I googled out. Installed the whole boost library in usr/local/lib (for no obvious reason because it didn't help), tried to edit LD PATH (I'm very new to Linux and I have no idea if that went right) and lots of stuff, but this thing doesn't seem to go through. Any help appreciated.
One problem with your makefile happens when you link your program. As you can see in these questions with g++ the order of your arguments at link time is really important. You need to put your libraries after your object files. One easy way to solve would be separating your linker flags (LDFLAGS) from the compiler flags (CFLAGS), and then putting LDFLAGS after $^ (your object files) in the link command.
CFLAGS = -O3 -Wall
LDFLAGS = -L/usr/local/boost/lib -lm -lboost_regex
cpu : $(addprefix $(OBJDIR)/, $(OBJECTS) $(CPUOBJS))
g++ $(CFLAGS) -o mcpu $^ $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.cpp
g++ $(CFLAGS) $(IOPTS) -c $< -o $#
As can be seen in the Catalogue of Built-In Rules:
Linking a single object file
n is made automatically from n.o by running the linker (usually called
ld) via the C compiler. The precise recipe used is:
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) n.o $(LOADLIBES) $(LDLIBS)
and Variables Used by Implicit Rules:
LDFLAGS
Extra flags to give to compilers when they are supposed to invoke the linker,
ld, such as -L. Libraries (-lfoo) should be added to the LDLIBS variable
instead.
So in this case -lboost_regex should be set or added to LDLIBS, not LDFLAGS.