I have a mobile app that relies on a node.js server hosted on a Microsoft Azure VM. I am currently in the process of creating a new Azure VM that I would like all API directed towards but since I have already released the app on Google Play, users that have already downloaded the app will have code that directs all API calls to the old VM. I would like to add logic to the old VM's server code that reroutes all incoming HTTP requests to go to the new VM and return to the client the response from the new VM even though they are directly sending a request to the old VM server. Essentially, the old VM would act as a middle man. Does anybody know how to do this using Node?
As #yjwong's comment said, if you have an independent domain name to service the old app and bind the hostname of old Azure VM as a CNAME record in DNS, you can change the CNAME record to bind the hostname of new Azure VM to point users using the old app to the new/correct server.
About the CNAME record, please see the Wikipedia entry https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNAME_record.
Otherwise, you can install and use the reverse proxy like Nginx to redirect & rewrite the urls accessed by the old app to the urls of the new/correct server.
Here are some steps below as reference to help doing it.
Install Nginx on the old Azure VM，and enable the module ngx_http_proxy_module.
Configure Nginx as a reverse proxy to redirect the urls from the old app accessing, please refer to the doc of the module ngx_http_proxy_module http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html or search some related articles with the keywords nginx, reverse proxy, redirect, etc.
Stop the nodejs server on the old Azure VM, and configure the Nginx port as the nodejs port to service the old app.
Restart nginx and test the old app for redirecting.
Note that for the step 2 above, please make sure the two Azure VM (old & new) on the same Azure VNet and use the static private IP address (internal) for the new Azure VM, because the one Azure VM can not be allowed to directly access the public address of the other Azure VM. So you need to set up the remote address of the new/correct server using the private ip address in the reverse proxy.
You can refer to these docs below to set up Azure Virtual Network for the two Azure VMs.
Create a Virtual Network on Azure new portal: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/virtual-networks-create-vnet-arm-pportal/
How to add a static private IP address to an existing VM: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/virtual-networks-static-private-ip-arm-pportal/#how-to-add-a-static-private-ip-address-to-an-existing-vm
If the two Azure VM existed not belong to any VNet, you need to move them into a VNet Subnet without losing your virtual hard disk, please refer to the two docs http://blogs.msdn.com/b/karldb/archive/2013/12/13/moving-an-existing-virtual-machine-into-a-virtual-network-subnet-without-losing-your-virtual-hard-disk-or-your-mind.aspx and http://blogs.technet.com/b/canitpro/archive/2014/06/17/step-by-step-move-a-vm-to-a-different-vnet-on-azure.aspx.
Related
I have 2 websites I want to run on one virtual machine.
One is a NodeJS server, the other an Nginx server.
The main website website.example points to the NodeJS server.
Now I want a subdomain like shop.website.example to point to the Nginx server.
The virtual machine is in Azure.
I've read that it's not possible to link a subdomain to a specific port, so that's already not possible.
Would it be possible to have different IP's that go to the website, and would route to the right server based on the IP that is being used?
As far as I know, if you want to access the two websites in the same Azure VM, It's possible to use two DNS records to map to your Azure VM.
First of all, the two websites should listen on different ports. Then you can use A record to map the domain name website.example to the Azure VM public IP address. A CNAME record maps the subdomain name shop.website.example to the Azure VM FQDN. You should bind the different hostname of the websites with different ports on the Azure VM.
Also, make sure you could access the website outside of Azure. You could check the NSG rule or local firewall or website is listening for 0.0.0.0 on the Azure VM.
I'm migrating asp.net services that used to exist on a physical server on-premise to Azure. However they need to reach some web-services (SOAP) that will not be migrated to azure yet. These have a public IP but I need to set the hostname in order for IIS to properly redirect the requests to the correct service as there are several on the same server. Is there any way to create some sort of DNS-server in azure that is only available for the services created in azure that can resolve to the public IP-address outside of azure? (We have used the hosts file on the servers to achieve this previously)
I tried using the private DNS Zones, but as I've understood it they can only point to other azure services within the same vnet (correct me if I'm wrong). I've also tried creating a dnsmasq docker container. However, as this is running in a Linux container, it seems that I cannot put it in the same vnet as the asp.net app services. Thus I am unable to retrieve a private IP-address that these services can use to reach the DNS server.
In my understanding it is now possible to use Azure DNS Private Zones if you want.
You would need to use regional vnet integration to point your app's traffic to a vnet that is connected to the Private Zone. You need the following settings as well, which mean that all outbound traffic from the Web App is routed through the integrated vnet first, and that the Azure default DNS server is used for DNS.
WEBSITE_DNS_SERVER with value 168.63.129.16
WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL with value 1
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/web-sites-integrate-with-vnet#azure-dns-private-zones
If you don't want to use Azure DNS Private Zones, I think you can achieve similar results by directing the Web App to use a specific DNS server. This can be done using WEBSITE_DNS_SERVER and WEBSITE_DNS_ALT_SERVER app settings (the values are the IP addresses of the servers you want to use).
This is the most authoritative public statement I can find about using these settings.
Go to the web app->settings->Application Settings-> App Settings
section
Add the following: (WEBSITE_NODE_DEFAULT) should already be
there.
a. WEBSITE_DNS_SERVER with value having the IP address of the
primary DNS server.
b. WEBSITE_ALT_DNS_SERVER (optional), with value
having the IP address of a second DNS server.
Then save the settings & restart webapp in portal.
Double check the web app can actually
connect to the DNS server: a. In kudu console, run: Nameresolver.exe
[hostname-to-lookup] [dns-server-to-use]
First argument should be the
hostname you are trying to look up, second argument is one of the DNS
servers from step 1) If this times out, there is an issue with how
your DNS servers are configured (firewalls, etc.)
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/issues/13927#issuecomment-416382230
If using these settings with a DNS server that is only accessible via private IP, you would need to use regional vnet integration again to connect to a vnet. If the DNS server is on-prem, you have to connect through the integrated vnet over VPN or ExpressRoute.
It's possible but not using the private DNS Zone.
According to Name resolution for resources in Azure virtual networks. For the scenario Name resolution from App Service Web Apps in one virtual network to VMs in a different virtual network, you need to use your own DNS servers forwarding queries between virtual networks for resolution by Azure (DNS proxy). See Name resolution using your own DNS server.
In this case, you only allow this azure web service could resolve the public IP address outside of Azure. You could enable virtual network integration for your web app, this restricts your web app access in a private network. Then you could deploy a DNS server in the same Vnet as the web app integrated VNet. You could create an A type record in your DNS zone to point to your service Public IP, then add the DNS server's IP address into the DNS server of the Integrated web app Vnet in the portal. If so, the web app could resolve this public IP via a custom DNS server.
Hope this could help you.
I've been running the free trial and am trying to point of my name cheap domain to the vm web site I have created.
I covered the server Ip.
Here are my namecheap settings for the domain.
The covered Ip is the same as above..
Here are my IIS settings
Change the Hostname to my actual domain.
I've also disabled Windows firewall and added port 80 and 443 in the security app hooked to the Azure VM. I can't seem to connect to the website at all. Am I missing something? I've been troubleshooting for hours and cant find anything except basic tutorials and how to do it on the Classic Azure portal.
thank you.
If you are using V1 (old portal/classic) Azure VM resources, then you need to open up the endpoint on the cloud services. All VMs exist as part of a Cloud Service.
From the new portal,
Select the VM (Classic)
Settings
Endpoints
Add the required port (make sure public port is the one you want to use, say 80, and the internal port is the one IIS is listening for)
If you are using V2 resources, you need to add a public IP to your VM before it can be reached from the outside world.
From the new portal
Click on the VM
Open settings
Select Network Interfaces
Select IP Address
Enable public IP (and add a PIP)
Keep in mind that in Azure, all IPs are dynamic. You will want to configure DNS settings against the DNS names provided, and not the IP address (as this will change if you power off the machine). For V1, use the cloud service name. For V2, you are given the option when creating the PIP to have azure assign a DNS name.
For testing, try to telnet on port 80 to the correct DNS name.
I have configured my Azure Web Apps and App Hosting Plan to connect via Point-to-Site gateway with my Virtual Network in Azure. I followed this article here:
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/web-sites-integrate-with-vnet/
I have a VM that is hosting DNS and my Virtual Network is configured to use this.
I want to be able to reference services running in my Virtual Network from my Web Apps via domain name and not by direct IP address.
It works fine if I connect using the VM's internal IP address eg 192.168.1.4. But, when I add a DNS A record pointing my-service.my-vnet.local to 192.168.1.4, my web app can't resolve the domain.
I attempted to check the DNS settings of the web app and it appears my internal DNS server is not one of the hosts configured. Here's the code I ran in my web app:
from nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
let props = nic.GetIPProperties()
select String.Join("; ", props.DnsAddresses.Select(x => x.ToString()))
Is this possible to do? If so, can anyone suggest what I need to do?
From everything we have tried and talking with Azure folks at Ignite, Web Apps (point-to-site) were not designed to be joined to a domain. That said, we are successfully using web apps to access on-premise web services using a binding with a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) and securing that traffic be certificate.
Due to the way web apps connected to a VNET works, you will not be seeing the DNS servers when you list all interfaces. If in command line you run the command:
SET WEBSITE_
You should see an environment variable that holds your configured DNS servers. If not, you should go to your web app in the Azure Portal, to the Vnet section, and hit the "Sync Data" button.
I've just set up a windows azure VM and installed IIS on it.
When I remote desktop onto the box I can see the default IIS website fine but I can't get this to serve on the web from the IP address of the box.
I've opened up port 80 on windows firewall and also added an endpoint for port 80.
I've tried to access it with the firewall completely turned off also but to no avail...
I cant work out if there is anything else I need to do to get this working?
Add endpoints for port 80 (http) and port 443 (https) to the VM in the Azure portal (tip: this can be automated with powershell or the Azure cli).
Remote desktop to the machine. Open the Windows firewall control panel and allow traffic to port 80 (http) and port 443 (https) or just turn it off ... the firewall is ON by default (tip: can also be scripted through the VM agent / powershell).
Go to the Azure portal and find the cloudapp.net subdomain for your VM (actually the cloud service) your VM is running under. Try accessing the site with that domain. If that doesn't work, try browsing to http://localhost on the server (remote desktop) to make sure IIS works and troubleshoot from there.
Modify the DNS records of your custom domain to use a CNAME to the .cloudapp.net domain. If you need A records make sure to use the public IP of the cloud service (just ping the .cloudapp.net domain to find it or look in the Azure portal).
You might want to look into Azure Websites or Azure Cloud Services (web roles). Those are a lot easier to manage and a lot cheaper. They still offer most of the functionality.
What fixed the issue for me was to go into the Azure Portal, browse to 'Network Security Groups', select the VM and then create an inbound rule to allow traffic to port 80.
Note: Also ensure that the inbound rule to port 80 is added and enabled on the actual VM.
Well, I deleted the existing VM and Cloud service and started again - all worked fine out of the box this time.
How annoying! The only thing I did notice was that before my cloud service had the same name as my VM - this time they had different names so that might have been what was causing the issue.
Cheers
For the newer VMs and pre-configured setups (2015+), it's possible your setup is using an azure asset called "Public IP". If so, you can set a custom DNS name label in it, inside "Configuration". Note that this name will consider any type of region used when creating the VM (e.g. my-site.brazilsouth.cloudapp.azure.com).
It's good to remember that for testing purposes, it still suffices to use the value of the public IP that is randomly designated to you.
The VMs are actually accessed via a Cloud Service (well they are for me). Azure created a Cloud Service automatically to be the scaling engine/load balancer on the front of the VM. I have to connect to the web site via that cloud service, not the VM directly.
Its possible you were using the internal IP rather than the external IP.
The sites have to use the internal IP address in the bindings section of IIS. However, in your dns you will need to use the external IP. This is presumably since the 'internal IP' is just a virtual one that Azure uses to map traffic from the external network to the VM's inside azure.
You should find both the internal and external IP's are visible on the VM's desktop.
Switch off TLS 1.3 in the Registry Editor.
This is what worked for me as of writing this in Mar 2021.