I am not sure I understand the server side configuration of the socket.
var app = express();
var server = require('http').createServer(app);
var socketio = require('socket.io')(server, {
serveClient: config.env !== 'production',
path: '/socket.io-client'
});
Here, the code creates a socket server "attached" with the http server according to the api reference. What is attach?
socketio.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('create', function(room) {
console.log('joining a room');
socket.join(room);
console.log('socket joined room: ', room);
});
socket.address = socket.handshake.address !== null ?
socket.handshake.address.address + ':' + socket.handshake.address.port :
process.env.DOMAIN;
socket.connectedAt = new Date();
// Call onDisconnect.
socket.on('disconnect', function () {
onDisconnect(socket);
console.info('[%s] DISCONNECTED', socket.address);
});
// Call onConnect.
onConnect(socket);
console.info('[%s] CONNECTED', socket.address);
});
};
Question: Here, the 'socket' variable is server's or client's ? if it is server's then why the socket.join(room) works ? (client's been added to a room) If it is client's, then why it has to listen to 'create' event.(client emits an event called create to change the room.)
to conclude, I confused by the three 'socket' in the following code.
socketio.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('create', function(room) {
console.log('joining a room');
socket.join(room);
console.log('socket joined room: ', room);
});
});
Here, the code creates a socket server "attached" with the http server according to the api reference. What is attach?
webSocket connections (which socket.io is built on top of) all get initiated from the client by first making an HTTP connection. Thus, there must be an HTTP server that can be used for socket.io connections. That's why the initialization of socket.io needs an HTTP connection. Often, that web server is also acting as a normal web server too and thus can be used for both purposes. This simplifies cross-origin issues since all browsers all clients to connect to the same origin from which their web page was served. If, you don't already have another web server, socket.io can create it's own.
Question: Here, the 'socket' variable is server's or client's ?
It is the server-side object that represents the connection to a particular client. Socket.io has a socket object on the client that represents the client-side connection to the server and it has a socket object on the server (for each separate client connection) that represents the connection to a particular client.
So, if you want to send data to a particular client, you use the socket object that represents that client and you do:
socket.emit(msg, data);
if it is server's then why the socket.join(room) works ?
This works because this socket object represents the connection to a particular client. It is a server-side object, but it is specific to a particular client (e.g. there's a different one for each client connection).
to conclude, I confused by the three 'socket' in the following code.
socketio.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('create', function(room) {
console.log('joining a room');
socket.join(room);
console.log('socket joined room: ', room);
});
});
socketio represents the overall socket.io module and is how you execute global commands. In this case, you are executing a global command to listen for any newly connection clients.
When you get a connection event, the argument to that event is the newly created socket object (a server-side object that represents a connection to a particular client).
The socket.on('create', ...) is a listener for the create message sent from the client to the server. So, this line of code says to listen for a create message sent from this particular (newly connected) client and when that message arrives, call a callback and pass it the data sent with the message (in this case a room name).
The socket.join(room); line uses the same socket as above and joins it to a specific room on the server.
Related
I'm still a bit new to Sockets and NodeJS, I wanted to be able to communicate to a RoboMaster robot over the Plaintext protocol using NodeJS, not Python like what is explained in the documentation. I'm not sure how to do this using NodeJS and am a bit confused if my application socket is a client or server. I would preferably like to convert the example code in the docs to a NodeJS friendly version, but not sure how. I have looked into things like Socket.io, but I'm not sure if that is what I need to be using.
Any help would be appreciated.
Edit: I found this example, it looks quite similar to what I need but I am not sure.
It turns out that I can use the net module to communicate with the RoboMaster robot. Using the code from here this is what it looks like:
var net = require('net');
var HOST = '192.168.2.1';
var PORT = 40923;
var client = new net.Socket();
client.connect(PORT, HOST, function () {
console.log('CONNECTED TO: ' + HOST + ':' + PORT);
// Write a message to the socket as soon as the client is connected, the server will receive it as message from the client
client.write('command;');
});
// Add a 'data' event handler for the client socket
// data is what the server sent to this socket
client.on('data', function (data) {
console.log('DATA: ' + data);
// Close the client socket completely
client.destroy();
});
// Add a 'close' event handler for the client socket
client.on('close', function () {
console.log('Connection closed');
});
I am trying to make a game server with node.js, socket.io.
The basic idea likes below.
Initialize socket.io instance when the server starts
Store instance in global scope, so controllers can access it
When API calls, we trigger some socket.io event in the controller or some other points
Here is the implementation I made ...
First, in server.js - entry point
let GlobalVars = require('./state/GlobalVars');
const apiRouters = require('./router');
...
app.use('/api', apiRouters);
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.sendFile(`${__dirname}/test/simpleClient.html`)
});
const httpServer = http.createServer(app);
let socketIOInstance = socketIO(httpServer);
socketIOInstance.on('connection', (socket) => {
console.log('SOCKET.IO A USER CONNECTED');
socket.on('create', (data) => {
console.log('SOCKET.IO create called', socket);
socket.join(data.room);
socketIOInstance.emit('message', 'New people joined');
});
socket.on('join', (data) => {
console.log('SOCKET.IO join called', data);
})
socket.emit('message', 'Hi');
});
GlobalVars.socketIO = socketIOInstance;
// Add to global, so the controllers can manage own actions like create, join ...
httpServer.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server Listening on the port ${port}`);
})
...
When I access from a client, I am able to see SOCKET.IO A USER CONNECTED and Hi in the browser console.
Second, In api controller.
let GlobalVars = require('../state/GlobalVars');
...
router.post('/create', (req, res) => {
console.log('GenerateGameSokect');
let game = new Game();
let gameId = game.gameId;
// console.log('Global vars ', GlobalVars.socketIO);
GlobalVars.socketIO.emit('create', {
room: gameId
});
res.json({
result : 'SUCCESS',
game : game
})
});
I imported GlobalVars which contains socketIO instance. So what I expected was, socket create event triggered from the statement GlobalVars.socketIO.emit('create', Object) but could not find message in the server logs.
I got no clue what I was missing.
The final form I pursue is something like...
When user call create API, I creates socket connection and room
API will called in HTTP protocol, but in the API, the server publishes some events. - pubsub like.
Thanks for reading my questions b. Here is full source code till now(bitbucket public)
================== EDIT ====================
I got understood (maybe...)
The user-flow I wanted was ...
The client call API
(In the server) Checking validation in API and if valid emit to socket.io
If event accepted send new status to all clients
However, creating socket.io connection in the server looks strange for me, the solution is up to the client.
New user-flow I will change
The client call a validation API
If return is valid, the client emit socket.io event. This time server only do validation, not emit socket.io
In socket event, send new status to all other users
================== EDIT #2 ====================
This is a kind of conclusion. It looks I just misunderstanding the concept of socket communication. Like answer and replies say, Socket and HTTP are totally different channels, there is no way to connect both. (At least, without open new connection from http server to socket)
If this is wrong, you could add reply, Thanks
Now I understand you. Or at least I think!
Let's put it this way: there are two (asymetric) sides on a socket, server and client. What I called, respectively, "global manager" and "socket" in my comment to your post.
const server = require('socket.io')(yourHttpServer);
// client is installed as well when `npm i socket.io`
const client = require('socket.io-client')('http://localhost:' + yourServerPort);
// `socket` is the server side of the socket
server.on('connection', (socket) => {
// this will be triggered by client sides emitting 'create'
socket.on('create', (data) => {
console.log('a client socket just fired a "create" event!');
});
});
// this will be triggered by server side emitting 'create'
client.on('create', (data) => {
server.emit('create', {content: 'this will result in an infinite loop of "create" events!'});
});
In your /create route, when you GlobalVars.socketIO.emit('create', ...), the server-side socket handler isn't triggered, however if you have clients connected through a browser (or, like I showed above, if you connect a client socket directly from the server) then these will trigger their 'create' listener, if any.
Hope this helps you get on the right tracks!
so I am developing an small application that need a bi-directional channel to transmit data between client and server.
I have no problem to send sata from server to client. Works just fine. But , the other way around is not working. for some reason , sending data from client to client does not work.
here is the client.js
let io = require('socket.io-client');
let socket = io.connect("http://localhost:5000/", {
reconnection: false
});
socket.on('connect', function() {
console.log('Connected to server');
socket.emit('data', 'data is emitted !')
});
and here is server.js :
var io = require('socket.io').listen(process.env.port||5000);
io.on('connection',function () {
console.log('client connected');
io.on('data',function (data) {
console.log(`data received is '${data}'`)
})
});
What am I missing ?
The server code needs to listen for incoming events from a particular socket.on(), not io.on(). io is the server. It gets notified of new connections, but not of individual messages on a given connection. You have to listen to events on a particular socket to receive data from the client.
So, change to this (change io to socket in one place and add socket argument to the io.on('connection', function(socket) ()); handler (see the two places that socket was added below):
const io = require('socket.io').listen(process.env.port||5000);
io.on('connection', function(socket) {
console.log('client connected');
// listen for incoming data msg on this newly connected socket
socket.on('data',function (data) {
console.log(`data received is '${data}'`)
});
});
Note: the addition of socket in two places.
When is the connection event of the net.Server fired vs the net.Socket connect event. Are they the same event? I have seen a code example where the handler for the net.createServer function (which handlers the connection event) also has the following code in it
var server = net.createServer(function (client) {
var id = client.remoteAddress + ':' + client.remotePort;
client.on('connect', function() {
channel.emit('join', id, client);
});
client.on('data', function(data) {
data = data.toString();
channel.emit('broadcast', id, data);
});
});
Is this incorrect? Is this listener not needed/never hit..i.e. the emit should be outside the listener.
Based on the code you post here, I'll assume you are reading Node.js in Action and it's the sample code that cause you the problem. If this is the case, you may reference to this similar question: NodeJS events on('connect') error.
Summary
In short, these 2 events are received by 2 different objects.
connect event is received by socket object and is emitted "when a socket connection is successfully established". On ther other hand, connection event is received by server object and is emitted "when a new connection is made".
Notice when a client hit node and create a socket, the callback for net.createServer(callback) is automatically called, thus you don't have to manually register another event handler on this client-server socket, which is client.on('connect', function() { }); in your code.
Concepts
As #3y3 mentioned, there are 2 ways to use net module in node.js, which are createConnection and createServer.
To better understand how it works, you may use this diagram as sample:
net.createServer
When you require net module and createServer, you basically create a server for clients (browser via http, terminal via telnet, etc.) to connect in.
Consider the following codes:
var net = require('net');
var events = require('events');
var channel = new events.EventEmitter();
var server = net.createServer(function (socket) {
var id = socket.remoteAddress + ': ' + client.remotePort;
console.log('Server connected', id);
channel.emit('join', id, socket);
socket.on('data', function(data) {
data = data.toString();
channel.emit('broadcast', id, data);
});
}).listen(8888);
In this case, the parameter in the callback of createServer is the "socket" between server and client. In the sample code, the author of Node.js in Action call it client, which might be a little confusing for you, but that's actually the same concept: it's a client related object which contains methods for your server to do something.
Notice that this callback is registered on the server and called at the same time the connection is built. This is a result of connection event which is emitted to the server when the client hit port 8888 on server in this case. Any functions you put inside this callback will be execute immediately. In our case, there are three things we did:
Console.log the client id on server
Emit a 'join' event to channel object
Register a event listener for 'data' event (i.e. called when there's data sending from client)
There's no need for client.on('connect', function() { // do something }), and since the callback for server connection event is the one we just mentioned. So what's the purpose of clinet.on('connect')?
net.createConnection
By utilizing this function, you create "a connection to the server" rather then create a server itself. In other words, it just like you open a terminal and use telnet to connect to the server, only that this happens in your server code base (i.e. in your node environment, as the diagram Client x shows)
Consider the following code: (based on #3y3's example again):
var Client = net.createConnection;
var client = Client({port: 8888, localAddress: '127.0.0.1', localPort: 51000});
client.on('connect', function() {
var id = this.localAddress + ': ' + this.localPort;
console.log('Client connected', id);
});
Here, we build a client in node and connect to the server through port 8888, which is what we defined previously. localPort and localAddress are defined arbitrary, just a mimic for a terminal connection in local environment.
We then register an event handler on this client, so when this client is connected to the server, it will receive a connect event and execute this event handler. If you run both snippets in the same file with node, you'll see both
Client connected 127.0.0.1: 51000
Server connected ::ffff:127.0.0.1: 51000
in the console.
Conclusion
If you want to do something when remote clients connect to the server, simply put lines you want to execute in the callback function of net.createServer(function(socket) { // your lines here }).
Use client.on('connect', function() {}); for other manually build clients in your node environment.
For further information about socket object and server object, you may refer to the official document here.
You can play with the following revised codes in your case:
var events = require('events');
var net = require('net');
var channel = new events.EventEmitter();
channel.clients = {};
channel.subscriptions = {};
channel.on('join', function (id, client) {
this.clients[id] = client;
this.subscriptions[id] = function (senderId, message) {
if (senderId !== id) {
this.clients[id].write(message);
}
};
this.on('broadcast', this.subscriptions[id]);
});
var server = net.createServer(function (client) {
var id = client.remoteAddress + ': ' + client.remotePort;
console.log('Server connected', id);
channel.emit('join', id, client);
client.on('data', function(data) {
data = data.toString();
channel.emit('broadcast', id, data);
});
});
server.listen(8888);
var Client = net.createConnection;
var client = Client({port: 8888, localAddress: '127.0.0.1', localPort: 51000});
client.on('connect', function() {
var id = this.localAddress + ': ' + this.localPort;
console.log('Client connected', id);
});
If your code is same as:
var Client = require('net').createConnection,
client = Client({port:4321});
client.on('connect', function(){
//channel.emit('join', id, client);
channel.emit('join', id, this); //avoid bad closure
});
It is valid code and when connect will emited, the server part emits connection, creates socket object and pass it to connection callback
UPDATE:
Your code is incorrect. You pass to createServer the callback for connection event it same as:
var server = net.createServer();
server.on('connection', callback);
In callback you have yet connected socket object. This is correct:
var server = net.createServer(function (client) {
var id = client.remoteAddress + ':' + client.remotePort;
channel.emit('join', id, client);
client.on('data', function(data) {
data = data.toString();
channel.emit('broadcast', id, data);
});
});
Please read the official Nodejs document for module 'net'.
The crux of your matter is, you have a server socket that you have named 'client' (a confusing name) and it is not a client socket. For a client socket you can subscribe to 'connect' event and not for a server socket.
net.createServer(callback) takes a callback which is called back when a new connection from a client occurs and the callback is passed the server socket. What you are referring to in function(client) is essentially a server socket and the term used 'client' is misleading. Please see the Node.js 'net' module example of createServer. For a server socket all the events listed (e.g data, timeout, end, close etc) are valid except the 'connect' event.
On the contrary to a server socket, if you are to create a client program where you called net.createConnection that will return you a client socket. Of that socket you subscribe to the 'connect' event.
I want to build a chat system in nodeJs + MYSQL using php. It will be private chat one to one and will save chat in database. Anyone know from where I need to start.
Currently I got this code for SERVER:
var app = require('express').createServer()
var io = require('socket.io').listen(app);
app.listen(8181);
// routing
app.get('/', function (req, res) {
res.sendfile(__dirname + '/index.html');
});
// usernames which are currently connected to the chat
var usernames = {};
io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
// when the client emits 'sendchat', this listens and executes
socket.on('sendchat', function (data) {
// we tell the client to execute 'updatechat' with 2 parameters
io.sockets.emit('updatechat', socket.username, data);
});
// when the client emits 'adduser', this listens and executes
socket.on('adduser', function(username){
// we store the username in the socket session for this client
socket.username = username;
// add the client's username to the global list
usernames[username] = username;
// echo to client they've connected
socket.emit('updatechat', 'SERVER', 'you have connected');
// echo globally (all clients) that a person has connected
socket.broadcast.emit('updatechat', 'SERVER', username + ' has connected');
// update the list of users in chat, client-side
io.sockets.emit('updateusers', usernames);
});
// when the user disconnects.. perform this
socket.on('disconnect', function(){
// remove the username from global usernames list
delete usernames[socket.username];
// update list of users in chat, client-side
io.sockets.emit('updateusers', usernames);
// echo globally that this client has left
socket.broadcast.emit('updatechat', 'SERVER', socket.username + ' has disconnected');
});
})
There are two ways. Thirst you can hold references to all sockets in an array (all at least IDs of these sockets). When a user emits private message you search the array for target socket and send it to this particular one. This requires to hold some kind of ID of a socket. You may use inner socket.id but it will be a problem when the client reconnects (new ID generated). And there is another problem when your app works on more then one machine (they cannot share arrays of connected clients).
The second way is to use rooms. Whenever client connects I suppose he has a name, for example John. Then you can use something like this for his connection:
socket.join('/priv/'+name);
Now this creates a room and adds socket to it. If you want to send message to John then you simply use
io.sockets.in('/priv/John').emit('msg', data);
At that point you can be sure that the message went exactly to the socket in /priv/John room. This works perfectly with Redis combined with socket.io (to avoid many machines problem) and session authorization. I didn't try it with memoryStore, but it should work as well.
Also you don't have to worry about rooms when clients disconnect. Socket.io automatically destroys empty rooms.