Python 3.4
I've got an Excel file with some messy organizing, but one this is for sure:
I need EVERYTHING except the stuff that appears before the very first comma in every single line, the comma included.
Example:
Print command of the file gives me this:
Word1 Funky,Left Side,UDLRDURLUDRUDLUR
Nothing (because not) exists lol extraline,Right
Side,RBRGBRGBRGRBGRBGBR
What I want to get is this:
Left Side,UDLRDURLUDRUDLUR
Right Side,RBRGBRGBRGRBGRBGBR
I'd also like to make that into a dictionary:
dictionary = {"Left Side":"UDLRDURLUDRUDLUR", "Right Side":"RBRGBRGBRGRBGRBGBR",}
So basically I want to get rid of everything until the first comma (comma included), make the second part the key (ends at second comma), and third part the value (line ends with value).
What would be the easiest way to execute this?
Suppose s contains the string to be examined:
s = "word1,Left Side,UDLRDURLUDRUDLUR"
There are a number of ways to get rid of everything up to and including the first comma. You can use
Slicing coupled with find: s[s.find(',')+1:]
This expression will yield the desired result if the string s contain at least one comma, but it will yield the entire string if the string does not contain any commas.
Split coupled with indexing: s.split(',',1)[1]
This expression will yield the desired result if the string s contain at least one comma, but it will raise IndexError if the string does not contain any commas.
Regular expressions, but that's overkill here.
Other techniques, but those are also overkill here.
Related
In the image, 'muddle' is the string containing junk words and the strings I want to extract. There is a fixed list of junk words - the good strings could be literally anything.
You can see this formula has correctly extracted "moo" and "coo", which are not in the list of junk words. The formula is below.
=LET(junkStart,FILTER(SEARCH(Table1[junkwords],Table2[muddle]),ISNUMBER(SEARCH(Table1[junkwords],Table2[muddle]))),
junkEnd,FILTER(SEARCH(Table1[junkwords],Table2[muddle])+LEN(Table1[junkwords])-1,ISNUMBER(SEARCH(Table1[junkwords],Table2[muddle])+LEN(Table1[junkwords])-1)),
goodstart,FILTER(junkEnd+1,(junkEnd+1<=LEN(Table2[muddle]))*(ISERROR(XMATCH(junkEnd+1,junkStart)))),
goodend,FILTER(junkStart-1,(junkStart-1>=LEN(1))*(ISERROR(XMATCH(junkStart-1,junkEnd))))+1,
goodchars,goodend-goodstart,
TEXTJOIN("; ",TRUE,MID(Table2[muddle],goodstart,goodchars)))
This works well, but it falls down if a junk word occurs more than once. See below.
The only difference is that 'woo' occurs twice in the second example.
I need a single cell solution. VBA is not an option for me. Using the name manager would be untidy, as would nested formulas.
I've got this far with formulas, which as far as I can tell is the furthest anyone has got with the 'removing multiple words from a cell' problem. I can see the issue - once SEARCH locates the start of a string in a cell, it doesn't go looking for a second occurrence of that string. But I don't know how to find the start of every instance of every string. Can anyone help?
REDUCE is perfect for this:
=REDUCE(Table2[muddle],Table1[junkwords],LAMBDA(m,j,SUBSTITUTE(m,j,"")))
REDUCE starts at the Table2[muddle] value as m then it substitutes the first value of Table1[junkwords] j with "" the outcome becomes the new m which will get a substitute of the second value of j. The result will be the new m, etc.
If you would want to have it comma separated it becomes more complicated, but you can realize by:
=LET(t,SUBSTITUTE(","&REDUCE(Table2[muddle],Table1[junkwords],LAMBDA(x,y,SUBSTITUTE(x,y,",")))&",",",,",","),
MID(t,2,LEN(t)-3))
This does almost the same as the previous solution, but instead of substituting for blanks it substitutes for , and substitutes all duplicate ,, for singles, so if more substitutes followed eachother it results in one comma. Also, if the first and/or last part got substituted by a single ,, then the result would have a leading and/or trailing ,. This is solved by first adding , in the front and back before substituting the double comma's for singles. the result t is then wrapped in MID, where the first and last character (both being a ,) are removed.
Alternate solution:
=LET(t,REDUCE(Table2[muddle],Table1[junkwords],LAMBDA(x,y,SUBSTITUTE(x,y," "))),
SUBSTITUTE(TRIM(t)," ",","))
Or in one go if you don't want to use LET:
=SUBSTITUTE(TRIM(REDUCE(Table2[muddle],Table1[junkwords],LAMBDA(x,y,SUBSTITUTE(x,y," "))))," ",",")
This replaces the junk words with a space. Regardless how many junk words in between words or how many trailing or leading spaces TRIM will fix it to the words separated by one space only. Substituting the spaces for comma gets to your result.
There's no single-formula solution if the junkwords list is not fixed.
Instead, you may choose to use the Substitute() function on each cell of the "Extracted Strings" column to substitute all occurances of each junk word in muddle, i.e. substitute "boo" muddle, then substitute "voo" in the resulted string, replace "noo" in the resulted string...so on. You will get the last cell.
One point to note though, you need to ensure no substring / partial strings problem in the junkwords or you need to define the rules of processing in order for the solution to be "complete". Consider the followings:
junk words = abc, def, cde
muddle = 1234abcdef5678
if you process the string in the above order, you got "12345678"
if you process the junk words in reverse order, you got "123abf5678"
I have this file where I want to make a conditional check for any cell that contains the letter combination "_SOL", or where the string is followed by any numeric character like "_SOL1524", and stop looking after that. So I don't want matches for "_SOLUTION" or "_SOLothercharactersthannumeric".
So when I use the following formula, I also get results for words like "_SOLUTION":
=IF(ISNUMBER(FIND("_SOL",A1))=TRUE,"Yay","")
How can I avoid this, and only get matches if the match is "_SOL" or "_SOLnumericvalue" (one numeric character)
Clarification: The whole strings may be "Blabla_SOL_BLABLA", "Blabla_SOLUTION_BLABLA" or "Blabla_SOL1524_BLABLA"
Maybe this, which will check if the character after "_SOL" is numeric.
=IF(ISNUMBER(VALUE(MID(A1,FIND("_SOL",A1)+4,1))),"Yay","")
Or, as per OP's request and suggestion, to include the possibility of an underscore after "SOL"
=IF(OR(ISNUMBER(VALUE(MID(A1,FIND("_SOL",A1)+4,1))),ISNUMBER(FIND("_SOL_",A1))),"Yay","")
Here is an alternative way to check if your string contains SOL followed by either nothing or any numeric value up to any characters after SOL:
=IF(COUNT(FILTERXML("<t><s>"&SUBSTITUTE(A1,"_","1</s><s>")&"</s></t>","//s[substring-after(.,'SOL')*0=0]")>0),"Yey","Nay")
Just to use in an unfortunate event where you would encounter SOL1TEXT for example. Or, maybe saver (in case you have text like AEROSOL):
=IF(COUNT(FILTERXML("<t><s>"&SUBSTITUTE(A1,"_","</s><s>")&"</s></t>","//s[translate(.,'1234567890','')='SOL']")>0),"Yey","Nay")
And to prevent that you have text like 123SOL123 you could even do:
=IF(COUNT(FILTERXML("<t><s>"&SUBSTITUTE(A1,"_","1</s><s>")&"</s></t>","//s[starts-with(., 'SOL') and substring(., 4)*0=0]")>0),"Yey","Nay")
I have a sequence of a letters, in my case part of a gene. I want to change the first and the last letter in this string of text, but keep the internal characters the same.
For example, if I have the the sequence:
ATCGAATCCATGACG
And I want to change the first letter, in this case A to the word START and change the last letter, G, to STOP all while keeping the internal A's and G's the same. Is this possible to do with the Find and Replace function, or will I have to write a script?
It is easy to do when I have a handful of sequences, I do it by hand. When I get into the hundreds, it can be very difficult.
Thank you.
The function LEN(text) returns the number of characters within a string of letters. MID(text, start, num_chars) returns the middle section of a string. CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...) pieces together different strings. We can use these in combination to get what you want:
=CONCATENATE("START", MID(A1,2,LEN(A1)-2), "STOP")
You could use replace, and focus on the left and right side independently, then combine, or you can use left/right to add string of text to the available string minus a character, like:
="START"&LEFT(RIGHT(A1,LEN(A1)-1),LEN(A1)-2)&"STOP"
I used left/right, but mid would also work
just another option:
=REPLACE(REPLACE(A1,LEN(A1),1,"STOP"),1,1,"START")
I have the following string :
var myStr = "abc12ef4567gh90ijkl789"
The size of the list is not fixed and it contains number in between. I want to extract the numbers and store them in the form of a list in this manner:
List(12,4567,90,789)
I tried the solution mentioned here but cannot extend it to my case. I just want to know if there is any faster or efficient solution instead of just traversing the string and extracting the numbers one by one using brute force ? Also, the string can be arbitrary length.
It seems you may just collect the numbers using
("""\d+""".r findAllIn myStr).toList
See the Scala demo. \d+ matches one or more digits, findAllIn searches for multiple occurrences of the pattern inside a string (and also un-anchors the pattern so that partial matches could be found).
If you prefer a splitting approach, you might use
myStr.split("\\D+").filter(_.nonEmpty).toList
See another demo. Here, \D+ matches one or more non-digit chars, and these chunks are used to split on (texts between these chunks land in the result). .filter(_.nonEmpty) will remove empty items that usually appear due to matches at the start/end of the string.
I have come across the following issue with Fortran: that in reading a character array, for example, or any list in actuality, from a data file with fmt=*, both non-interquote blanks AND commas are natively considered as delimiters for the elements in the array/list. The fact that commas act as delimiters is a big problem for me.
So the question is: do you know of any semantic option or compilation directive in Fortran that permits to consider the commas in input files as characters and not as delimiters,
with the only delimiters being blanks? As an specific example, I would like that when reading a record like:
x,y,z
with:
read (7,*) adummy
would result in adummy (a scalar character variable) getting the value x,y,z not x.
Any help would be most welcome.
The solution is to specify formatting to match your data record, i.e. use character data descriptor when specifying the format:
read(7,fmt='(A)')adummy
will result in adummy having value x,y,z, assuming it is a variable of sufficient length.
However this method will not treat blanks as delimiters either, so if you want to read commas as character strings but have blanks as delimiter, the common way to achieve this is to read the whole record into the character variable and do the splitting into separate variables afterwards.