I'm trying to learn the basics of threading with PySide, and so put together the below code. What I'm trying to do is launch a thread that will update a QPlainTextEdit widget using a list of string, with a delay between each string. Instead what I'm getting is a crash to desktop, and I can't understand why:
import sys
import time
from PySide import QtCore, QtGui
class Worker(QtCore.QThread):
to_log = QtCore.Signal(str)
def __init__(self, txt, parent=None):
super(Worker, self).__init__(parent)
self.txt = txt
def run(self):
for i in self.txt:
self.to_log.emit(i)
time.sleep(1)
class TestThreadsApp(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(TestThreadsApp, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.log = QtGui.QPlainTextEdit()
self.pb = QtGui.QPushButton('Go')
hbox = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
hbox.addWidget(self.log)
hbox.addWidget(self.pb)
self.setLayout(hbox)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Test')
self.show()
self.pb.clicked.connect(self.get_worker)
def get_worker(self):
self.proceed = False
worker = Worker(['This is a test', 'to understand threading'])
worker.to_log.connect(self.to_log)
worker.start()
def to_log(self, txt):
self.log.appendPlainText(txt)
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = TestThreadsApp()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
If I update the get_worker() method to the below, it will run, but the QPlainTextEdit widget is updated with all the strings simultaneously, where as the behavior I'm wanting is for the widget to be updated by the threaded processes as each string is emitted - not altogether after both have been emitted:
def get_worker(self):
self.proceed = False
worker = Worker(['This is a test', 'to understand threading'])
worker.to_log.connect(self.to_log)
worker.start()
while not worker.isFinished():
pass
You need to keep a reference to the thread, otherwise it will be garbage-collected as soon as get_worker returns.
So do something like this, instead:
def get_worker(self):
self.worker = Worker(['This is a test', 'to understand threading'])
self.worker.to_log.connect(self.to_log)
self.worker.start()
Related
Previously I have tried to use Flask for doing the followings simultaneously:
Display live video streaming
Display real-time data streaming
Control the robot car
As the above is just for demonstration, with the video streaming performance not good enough, I decided to change the whole application to PyQt5 for further development and production. Now I can create the GUI for displaying live video streaming well, while the real-time data streaming cannot be done well. The error is
QObject::startTimer: Timers can only be used with threads started with QThread
The following is the whole program. Please help to see what's wrong in the adding thread issue. Thanks!
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore, QtGui
import cv2
from vidgear.gears import CamGear
from random import random
data_list=[]
fps=60
options_cam={"CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH":640,"CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT":480,"CAP_PROP_FPS":fps}
stream=CamGear(source=0,logging=False,**options_cam).start()
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self,*args):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle('Vehicle control')
self.grid_layout=QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.video_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Video streaming',self)
self.video_frame = QtWidgets.QLabel(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_label,0,0)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_frame,1,0)
self.data_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Data streaming',self)
self.data_frame = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_label,0,1)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_frame,1,1)
self.setLayout(self.grid_layout)
#self.thread=QtCore.QThread()
#self.thread.started.connect(self.nextFrameSlot)
#self.thread.start()
self.timer=QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.video_stream)
self.timer.start(0)
self.thread=QtCore.QThread()
self.thread.start()
self.timer2=QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer2.moveToThread(self.thread)
self.timer2.timeout.connect(self.data_stream)
self.timer2.start(0)
def video_stream(self):
frame = stream.read()
# My webcam yields frames in BGR format
frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
img = QtGui.QImage(frame, frame.shape[1], frame.shape[0], QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
pix = QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(img)
self.video_frame.setPixmap(pix)
QtCore.QThread.sleep(0)
def data_stream(self):
print("data stream")
stream_data=round(random()*10,3)
data_list.insert(0,str(stream_data)+'\n')
if len(data_list)>10:
del data_list[-1]
for i in range(len(data_list)):
self.data_frame.addItem(data_list[i])
self.data_frame.show()
QtCore.QThread.sleep(1000)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Edit:
Thanks #musicamante's answer. I have updated the code as follows but still have the error "segmentation fault" for the video streaming, while if I run for data stream only, the updated list can be shown. So what's wrong with the setPixmap function? Thanks again!
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore, QtGui
import cv2
from vidgear.gears import CamGear
from random import random
fps=60
options_cam={"CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH":480,"CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT":480,"CAP_PROP_FPS":fps}
stream=CamGear(source=0,logging=False,**options_cam).start()
class CamGrabber(QtCore.QThread):
frame = QtCore.pyqtSignal(QtGui.QImage)
def run(self):
while True:
new_frame = stream.read()
new_frame = cv2.cvtColor(new_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
img = QtGui.QImage(new_frame, new_frame.shape[1], new_frame.shape[0], QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
self.frame.emit(img)
class DataProvider(QtCore.QThread):
data = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
def run(self):
while True:
newData = round(random()*10,3)
self.data.emit(newData)
QtCore.QThread.sleep(1)
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self,*args):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle('Vehicle control')
self.grid_layout=QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.video_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Video streaming',self)
self.video_frame = QtWidgets.QLabel(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_label,0,0)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_frame,1,0)
self.data_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Data streaming',self)
self.data_frame = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_label,0,1)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_frame,1,1)
self.setLayout(self.grid_layout)
self.camObject = CamGrabber()
self.camObject.frame.connect(self.newFrame)
self.camObject.start()
self.dataProvider = DataProvider()
self.dataProvider.data.connect(self.newData)
self.dataProvider.start()
def newFrame(self, img):
self.video_frame.setPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(img))
def newData(self, data):
self.data_frame.insertItem(0,str(data))
if self.data_frame.count() > 10:
self.data_frame.takeItem(9)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())```
The QTimer error basically means that the a QTimer can only be started from the thread it exists.
Besides that, GUI element should always be directly accessed or modified from the main thread, not from another one.
In order to accomplish that, you'll need to create a separate "worker" thread, and communicate with the main one by taking advantage of the signal/slot mechanism.
class CamGrabber(QtCore.QThread):
frame = QtCore.pyqtSignal(QtGui.QImage)
def run(self):
while True:
frame = stream.read()
frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
img = QtGui.QImage(frame, frame.shape[1], frame.shape[0], QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
self.frame.emit(img)
class DataProvider(QtCore.QThread):
data = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
def run(self):
while True:
newData = round(random()*10,3)
self.data.emit(newData)
# note that QThread.sleep unit is seconds, not milliseconds
QtCore.QThread.sleep(1)
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self,*args):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle('Vehicle control')
self.grid_layout=QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.video_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Video streaming',self)
self.video_frame = QtWidgets.QLabel(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_label,0,0)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.video_frame,1,0)
self.data_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Data streaming',self)
self.data_frame = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_label,0,1)
self.grid_layout.addWidget(self.data_frame,1,1)
self.setLayout(self.grid_layout)
self.camObject = CamGrabber()
self.camObject.frame.connect(self.newFrame)
self.camObject.start()
self.dataProvider = DataProvider()
self.dataProvider.data.connect(self.newData)
self.dataProvider.start()
def newFrame(self, img):
self.video_frame.setPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(img))
def newData(self, data):
self.data_frame.addItem(str(data))
if self.data_frame.count() > 10:
self.data_frame.takeItem(0)
If, for any reason, you want to control the data fetching from the main thread via a QTimer, you could use a Queue:
from queue import Queue
class DataProvider(QtCore.QObject):
data = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.queue = Queue()
def run(self):
while True:
multi = self.queue.get()
# simulate a time consuming process
QtCore.QThread.sleep(5)
newData = round(multi * 10, 3)
self.data.emit(newData)
def pushData(self, data):
self.queue.put(data)
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self,*args):
# ...
self.requestTimer = QtCore.QTimer()
self.requestTimer.setInterval(1000)
self.requestTimer.timeout.connect(self.requestData)
# this will cause the timer to be executed only once after each time
# start() is called, so no new requests will overlap
self.requestTimer.setSingleShot(True)
self.requestTimer.start()
def requestData(self):
value = random()
print('requesting data with value {}'.format(value))
self.dataProvider.pushData(value)
print('waiting for result')
def newFrame(self, img):
self.video_frame.setPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(img))
def newData(self, data):
print('data received')
self.data_frame.addItem(str(data))
if self.data_frame.count() > 10:
self.data_frame.takeItem(0)
# restart the timer
self.requestTimer.start()
I have an app that starts the GUI and performs "the heavy part" of the code in another thread using QThread. In this thread I emit a SIGNAL that is connected to the GUI Class and that performs addItem on QListWidget.
There are a massive "signaling" from this thread to the GUI and it "freeze".
Is there a way to avoid this? Have I to use another mini GUI in different thread only for QListWidget?
Thanks
EDIT:
This is the thread that execute the heavy logic
class YourThreadName(QThread):
def __init__(self, some variables):
QThread.__init__(self)
def __del__(self):
self.wait()
def run(self):
# Here there is a for cycle that emits a SIGNAL
for ... :
...
self.emit(SIGNAL("needed_variable"), needed_variable)
...
In the GUI Class there are some methods, particularly:
class GUI(QtGui.QMainWindow, GUI.Ui_MainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(GUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
def ... (self):
...
def start_main_code(self):
self.new_thread = YourThreadName(some variables)
self.connect(self.new_thread, SIGNAL("finished()"), self.done)
self.connect(self.new_thread, SIGNAL("needed_variable"), self.show_variable)
self.new_thread.start()
def show_variable(self, data):
self.QListWidget_object.addItem(data)
def ... (self):
...
The script below is a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable Example based on the information currently given in your question and comments. It emits data from a worker thread every 10ms and updates a list-widget in the GUI. On my Linux system (using Python-3.6.3, Qt-4.8.7 and PyQt-4.12.1) it does not block or freeze the GUI. There is obviously some flickering whilst the list-widget is being updated, but I am able to select items, scroll up and down, click the button, etc. And if I increase the sleep to 25ms, I don't even get any flickering.
UPDATE:
The performance can be improved by using setUniformItemSizes and sending the messages in batches. On my system, after a slight initial delay, the list populates with fifty thousand items almost instantly.
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Worker(QtCore.QThread):
message = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
def run(self):
batch = []
for index in range(50000):
if len(batch) < 200:
batch.append(index)
continue
self.message.emit(batch)
batch = []
class Window(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.listWidget = QtGui.QListWidget()
self.listWidget.setUniformItemSizes(True)
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton('Start')
self.button.clicked.connect(self.handleButton)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(self.listWidget)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
self.worker = Worker()
self.worker.message.connect(self.handleMessages)
def handleMessages(self, batch):
for message in batch:
self.listWidget.addItem('Item (%s)' % message)
def handleButton(self):
if not self.worker.isRunning():
self.worker.start()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.setGeometry(600, 50, 200, 400)
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
I am trying to change this event code to standard signal-slot format.
But it does not work.
Can I get help?
this is slide number changing to lcd display number.
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Example(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Example, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.lcd = QtGui.QLCDNumber(self)
self.sld = QtGui.QSlider(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal, self)
vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(self.lcd)
vbox.addWidget(self.sld)
self.setLayout(vbox)
#sld.valueChanged.connect(lcd.display)
QtCore.QObject.connect(self.sld, QtCore.SIGNAL(str1), self, QtCore.SLOT("SHOW()"))
#QtCore.pyqtSlot()
def SHOW(str1):
self.lcd.display()
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Signal & slot')
self.show()
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
You were very close with your first attempt. All you need is:
self.sld.valueChanged.connect(self.lcd.display)
(The other lines up to self.setGeometry can be deleted).
I have a QStackedWidget. In the logic (not the UI) I am trying to change pages and wait there until a button on that page is pressed (basically an OK/Cancel). I pass the UI to the function in the class.
Something like this:
def func1(self, window):
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(4)
while True:
window.btn_OK.clicked.connect(self.OK_func)
window.btn_Cancel.clicked.connect(self.Can_func)
def OK_func(self, window):
do_something
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(3)
break
def Can_func(self, window):
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(3)
break
for i in range(5):
#stuff
func1(window) #this is where I want to pause
#other stuff
Now I know that I can't break with the function like that or pass the window variable through connect, but I hope that makes my point clearly enough.
A simple way to do this is to process pending events inside the loop (so the UI remains responsive), and set/unset an internal flag to control starting and stopping of the loop.
The following demo script shows a basic implementation of this idea:
import time
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Window(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.buttonStart = QtGui.QPushButton('Start', self)
self.buttonStart.clicked.connect(self.handleStart)
layout.addWidget(self.buttonStart)
self.buttonStop = QtGui.QPushButton('Stop', self)
self.buttonStop.clicked.connect(self.handleStop)
layout.addWidget(self.buttonStop)
self._running = False
def handleStart(self):
self.buttonStart.setDisabled(True)
self._running = True
while self._running:
self.label.setText(str(time.clock()))
QtGui.qApp.processEvents()
time.sleep(0.05)
self.buttonStart.setDisabled(False)
def handleStop(self):
self._running = False
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.setGeometry(500, 300, 200, 100)
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Just remove while and break.
def func1(self, window):
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(4)
window.btn_OK.clicked.connect(self.OK_func)
window.btn_Cancel.clicked.connect(self.Can_func)
def OK_func(self, window):
# do_something
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(3)
def Can_func(self, window):
window.stackedWidget.setCurrentIndex(3)
Here is the sample code
import sys, time
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class MyApp(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 600)
self.setWindowTitle('threads')
self.layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
self.testButton = QtGui.QPushButton("test")
self.connect(self.testButton, QtCore.SIGNAL("released()"), self.test)
self.listwidget = QtGui.QListWidget(self)
self.layout.addWidget(self.testButton)
self.layout.addWidget(self.listwidget)
def add(self, text):
print "Add: ", text
self.listwidget.addItems(text)
self.listwidget.sortItems()
# def addBatch(self, text="test", iters=6, delay=0.3):
# for i in range(iters):
# time.sleep(delay)
# self.add(text + " " + str(i))
def test(self):
self.listwidget.clear()
#self.addBatch("_non_thread", iters=6, delay=0.3)
self.workThread = WorkThread()
self.connect(self.workThread, QtCore.SIGNAL("update(QString"), self.add)
self.workThread.start()
class WorkThread(QtCore.QThread):
def __init__(self):
QtCore.QThread.__init__(self)
def __del__(self):
self.wait()
def run(self):
for i in range(6):
time.sleep(0.3)
self.emit(QtCore.SIGNAL('update(QString'), "from work thread " + str(i))
return
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
test = MyApp()
test.show()
app.exec_()
Here I have a basic GUI with a listwidget and a push button. When I press the push button, I program should wait a moment and display a string in that listwidget. The WorkThread class does the waiting stuff and after waiting it emits a signal. But when I run the program, only I can see the GUI and nothing is displayed in the listwidget.
Can somebody tell me what is the reason behind this and how to fix this ?
QListWidget.addItems expects a list of items but you're giving it a single QString. You should use .addItem.
There are also a few minor corrections. You don't need to implement __del__ in your thread. You can skip __init__ if you're not doing additional stuff. And you should use new style signals and connections.
Here is the result with all corrections:
import sys, time
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class MyApp(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 600)
self.setWindowTitle('threads')
self.layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
self.testButton = QtGui.QPushButton("test")
self.testButton.clicked.connect(self.test)
self.listwidget = QtGui.QListWidget(self)
self.layout.addWidget(self.testButton)
self.layout.addWidget(self.listwidget)
def add(self, text):
print "Add: ", type(text)
self.listwidget.addItem(text)
self.listwidget.sortItems()
# def addBatch(self, text="test", iters=6, delay=0.3):
# for i in range(iters):
# time.sleep(delay)
# self.add(text + " " + str(i))
def test(self):
self.listwidget.clear()
#self.addBatch("_non_thread", iters=6, delay=0.3)
self.workThread = WorkThread()
self.workThread.update.connect(self.add)
self.workThread.start()
class WorkThread(QtCore.QThread):
update = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
def run(self):
for i in range(6):
time.sleep(0.3)
self.update.emit("from work thread " + str(i))
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
test = MyApp()
test.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
The PyQtWiki contains a pretty elaborate example how to send signals from a background thread to the UI. Apparently, no special magic is necessary as long as you QThread to implement your thread.
But I noticed that you use the signal released() to connect the button with the method test(). Did you try clicked()?