I'm trying to develop a simple audio program that runs on a ADSL router. I found two GPL sources for other routers that have the same chips and I'm able to build kernel and rootfs. I already add ALSA support to the kernel and successfully deployed to the router.
Now I'm trying to get my program to work. Using a usb sound card, the first thing that I'm doing is to passthrough capture signal to the playback and measure the latency.
I already remove all jitter that was present but I can't get a better latency that 1 second (it's a lot of latency). I'm initializing the device with 128 frames of buffer and 1 frame for period size, and latency is always 1 second. I'm using only 1 channel and a rate of 44100, but also tested with a rate of 8000hz and the latency is the same
I already tried setting another priority to the running thread and tested a lot of combinations of hw params, but never could get minor latency than that.
I checked the cpu and memory while my program is running and there is a lot of free resources. I removed many services of the system like telnet, samba and other programs that could interfere with my program.
An interesting point is that when my program only set the playback device and play some pcm file, there is no latency (right after I start the program, the sound is played correctly).
Linux kernel version is v2.6.22.15. Alsa driver is 1.0.14. I tried a cheap usb sound card, a Zoom h1 recorder (that works as usb card) and a Presonus 22vsl audio interface, always the same latency.
The CPU is a Ralink rt63365, it has 4 cores and it seems to run at 400hz aprox.
I don't know what else to try. What kind of test could I do to detect where the latency problem is generated?
Edit
I forget to mention that I run the same program with all the cards mentioned but in my PC (kernel version > 5, with the respective alsa version) and the program works perfectly, there is no notable latency.
Main functions of my program:
void setscheduler(void)
{
struct sched_param sched_param;
if (sched_getparam(0, &sched_param) < 0) {
printf("Scheduler getparam failed...\n");
return;
}
sched_param.sched_priority = sched_get_priority_max(SCHED_RR);
if (!sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_RR, &sched_param)) {
printf("Scheduler set to Round Robin with priority %i...\n", sched_param.sched_priority);
fflush(stdout);
return;
}
printf("!!!Scheduler set to Round Robin with priority %i FAILED!!!\n", sched_param.sched_priority);
}
int setup_alsa_handle(snd_pcm_t *handle, snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
{
int err = 0;
snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hw_params;
snd_pcm_sw_params_t *sw_params;
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_malloc(&hw_params)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot allocate hardware parameter structure (%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_any(handle, hw_params)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot initialize hardware parameter structure (%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(handle, hw_params,
SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set access type (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(handle, hw_params, AUDIO_FORMAT)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set sample format (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
unsigned int rate = SAMPLE_RATE;
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(handle, hw_params, &rate, 0)) <
0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set sample rate (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
int dir;
snd_pcm_uframes_t period_size = PERIOD_SIZE_IN_FRAMES;
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near(handle, hw_params, &period_size, &dir)) <
0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set period size (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
int channels;
if (stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
{
channels = CAPTURE_CHANNELS;
}
else
{
channels = PLAYBACK_CHANNELS;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(handle, hw_params, channels)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set channel count (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_params(handle, hw_params)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set parameters (%s)\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
snd_pcm_hw_params_free(hw_params);
if ((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_malloc(&sw_params)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot allocate software parameters structure(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_current(handle, sw_params)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot initialize software parameters structure(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min(handle, sw_params, FRAMES_PER_BUFFER)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set minimum available count(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold(handle, sw_params, 0U)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set start mode(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_sw_params(handle, sw_params)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot set software parameters(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
return 0;
}
void start_stream(snd_pcm_t *_playback_handle, snd_pcm_t *_capture_handle,
void (*stream_callback)(const void *, void *, unsigned long,
void *),
void (*controls_callback)(void *), void *data)
{
audio_sample *in_buffer;
audio_sample *out_buffer;
FILE *fout = NULL;
int in_result = 0;
int out_result = 0;
int temp_n = 0;
int buffer_frames = FRAMES_PER_BUFFER;
int frame_size_in_bytes = snd_pcm_format_width(AUDIO_FORMAT) / 8;
int in_buffer_frames = buffer_frames * CAPTURE_CHANNELS;
in_buffer = (audio_sample *)malloc(in_buffer_frames * frame_size_in_bytes);
int out_buffer_frames = buffer_frames * PLAYBACK_CHANNELS;
out_buffer = (audio_sample *)malloc(out_buffer_frames * frame_size_in_bytes);
memset(in_buffer, SAMPLE_SILENCE, in_buffer_frames * frame_size_in_bytes);
memset(out_buffer, SAMPLE_SILENCE, out_buffer_frames * frame_size_in_bytes);
int err;
while (1)
{
int avail;
if ((err = snd_pcm_wait(_playback_handle, 1000)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "poll failed(%s)\n", strerror(errno));
break;
}
avail = snd_pcm_avail_update(_capture_handle);
fprintf(stderr, "1 avail (%d)\n", avail);
if (avail > 0) {
if (avail > FRAMES_PER_BUFFER)
avail = FRAMES_PER_BUFFER;
snd_pcm_readi(_capture_handle, in_buffer, avail);
}
avail = snd_pcm_avail_update(_playback_handle);
fprintf(stderr, "2 avail (%d)\n", avail);
if (avail > 0) {
if (avail > FRAMES_PER_BUFFER)
avail = FRAMES_PER_BUFFER;
snd_pcm_writei(_playback_handle, in_buffer, avail);
}
}
}
/**
* Main
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
setscheduler();
if ((err = snd_pcm_open(&capture_handle, CAPTURE_AUDIO_DEVICE, SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, 0)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot open audio device '%s'. Error: %s\n", CAPTURE_AUDIO_DEVICE, snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
setup_alsa_handle(capture_handle, SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE);
// Init playback device
if ((err = snd_pcm_open(&playback_handle, PLAYBACK_AUDIO_DEVICE, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, 0)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cannot open audio device '%s'. Error: %s\n", PLAYBACK_AUDIO_DEVICE, snd_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
setup_alsa_handle(playback_handle, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK);
if ((err = snd_pcm_start(capture_handle)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot prepare audio interface for use(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_prepare(playback_handle)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot prepare audio interface for use(%s)\n",
snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
// Start stream
start_stream(playback_handle, capture_handle, audio_processing_callback, controls_callback, &data, write_to_file, read_from_file);
return 0;
}
I am trying to use Arduino IDE to detect temperature and pulse rate using LM35 sensor and pulse sensor.
This is the code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
float pulse = 0;
float temp = 0;
SoftwareSerial ser(9,10);
String apiKey = "MVLG8S8L6138FCR4";
// Variables
int pulsePin = A0; // Pulse Sensor purple wire connected to analog pin 0
int blinkPin = 7 ; // pin to blink led at each beat
int fadePin = 13; // pin to do fancy classy fading blink at each beat
int fadeRate = 0; // used to fade LED on with PWM on fadePin
// Volatile Variables, used in the interrupt service routine!
volatile int BPM; // int that holds raw Analog in 0. updated every 2mS
volatile int Signal; // holds the incoming raw data
volatile int IBI = 600; // int that holds the time interval between beats! Must be seeded!
volatile boolean Pulse = false; // "True" when User's live heartbeat is detected. "False" when nota "live beat".
volatile boolean QS = false; // becomes true when Arduoino finds a beat.
// Regards Serial OutPut -- Set This Up to your needs
static boolean serialVisual = true; // Set to 'false' by Default. Re-set to 'true' to see Arduino Serial Monitor ASCII Visual Pulse
volatile int rate[10]; // array to hold last ten IBI values
volatile unsigned long sampleCounter = 0; // used to determine pulse timing
volatile unsigned long lastBeatTime = 0; // used to find IBI
volatile int P = 512; // used to find peak in pulse wave, seeded
volatile int T = 512; // used to find trough in pulse wave, seeded
volatile int thresh = 525; // used to find instant moment of heart beat, seeded
volatile int amp = 100; // used to hold amplitude of pulse waveform, seeded
volatile boolean firstBeat = true; // used to seed rate array so we startup with reasonable BPM
volatile boolean secondBeat = false; // used to seed rate array so we startup with reasonable BPM
void setup()
{
lcd.begin(16, 2);
pinMode(blinkPin,OUTPUT); // pin that will blink to your heartbeat!
pinMode(fadePin,OUTPUT); // pin that will fade to your heartbeat!
Serial.begin(115200); // we agree to talk fast!
interruptSetup(); // sets up to read Pulse Sensor signal every 2mS
// IF YOU ARE POWERING The Pulse Sensor AT VOLTAGE LESS THAN THE BOARD VOLTAGE,
// UN-COMMENT THE NEXT LINE AND APPLY THAT VOLTAGE TO THE A-REF PIN
// analogReference(EXTERNAL);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(" Patient Health");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" Monitoring ");
delay(4000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Initializing....");
delay(5000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Getting Data....");
ser.begin(9600);
ser.println("AT");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+GMR");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+CWMODE=3");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+RST");
delay(5000);
ser.println("AT+CIPMUX=1");
delay(1000);
String cmd="AT+CWJAP=\"Alexahome\",\"98765432\"";
ser.println(cmd);
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+CIFSR");
delay(1000);
}
// Where the Magic Happens
void loop()
{
serialOutput();
if (QS == true) // A Heartbeat Was Found
{
// BPM and IBI have been Determined
// Quantified Self "QS" true when arduino finds a heartbeat
fadeRate = 255; // Makes the LED Fade Effect Happen, Set 'fadeRate' Variable to 255 to fade LED with pulse
serialOutputWhenBeatHappens(); // A Beat Happened, Output that to serial.
QS = false; // reset the Quantified Self flag for next time
}
ledFadeToBeat(); // Makes the LED Fade Effect Happen
delay(20); // take a break
read_temp();
esp_8266();
}
void ledFadeToBeat()
{
fadeRate -= 15; // set LED fade value
fadeRate = constrain(fadeRate,0,255); // keep LED fade value from going into negative numbers!
analogWrite(fadePin,fadeRate); // fade LED
}
void interruptSetup()
{
// Initializes Timer2 to throw an interrupt every 2mS.
TCCR2A = 0x02; // DISABLE PWM ON DIGITAL PINS 3 AND 11, AND GO INTO CTC MODE
TCCR2B = 0x06; // DON'T FORCE COMPARE, 256 PRESCALER
OCR2A = 0X7C; // SET THE TOP OF THE COUNT TO 124 FOR 500Hz SAMPLE RATE
TIMSK2 = 0x02; // ENABLE INTERRUPT ON MATCH BETWEEN TIMER2 AND OCR2A
sei(); // MAKE SURE GLOBAL INTERRUPTS ARE ENABLED
}
void serialOutput()
{ // Decide How To Output Serial.
if (serialVisual == true)
{
arduinoSerialMonitorVisual('-', Signal); // goes to function that makes Serial Monitor Visualizer
}
else
{
sendDataToSerial('S', Signal); // goes to sendDataToSerial function
}
}
void serialOutputWhenBeatHappens()
{
if (serialVisual == true) // Code to Make the Serial Monitor Visualizer Work
{
Serial.print("*** Heart-Beat Happened *** "); //ASCII Art Madness
Serial.print("BPM: ");
Serial.println(BPM);
}
else
{
sendDataToSerial('B',BPM); // send heart rate with a 'B' prefix
sendDataToSerial('Q',IBI); // send time between beats with a 'Q' prefix
}
}
void arduinoSerialMonitorVisual(char symbol, int data )
{
const int sensorMin = 0; // sensor minimum, discovered through experiment
const int sensorMax = 1024; // sensor maximum, discovered through experiment
int sensorReading = data; // map the sensor range to a range of 12 options:
int range = map(sensorReading, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 11);
// do something different depending on the
// range value:
switch (range)
{
case 0:
Serial.println(""); /////ASCII Art Madness
break;
case 1:
Serial.println("---");
break;
case 2:
Serial.println("------");
break;
case 3:
Serial.println("---------");
break;
case 4:
Serial.println("------------");
break;
case 5:
Serial.println("--------------|-");
break;
case 6:
Serial.println("--------------|---");
break;
case 7:
Serial.println("--------------|-------");
break;
case 8:
Serial.println("--------------|----------");
break;
case 9:
Serial.println("--------------|----------------");
break;
case 10:
Serial.println("--------------|-------------------");
break;
case 11:
Serial.println("--------------|-----------------------");
break;
}
}
void sendDataToSerial(char symbol, int data )
{
Serial.print(symbol);
Serial.println(data);
}
ISR(TIMER2_COMPA_vect) //triggered when Timer2 counts to 124
{
cli(); // disable interrupts while we do this
Signal = analogRead(pulsePin); // read the Pulse Sensor
sampleCounter += 2; // keep track of the time in mS with this variable
int N = sampleCounter - lastBeatTime; // monitor the time since the last beat to avoid noise
// find the peak and trough of the pulse wave
if(Signal < thresh && N > (IBI/5)*3) // avoid dichrotic noise by waiting 3/5 of last IBI
{
if (Signal < T) // T is the trough
{
T = Signal; // keep track of lowest point in pulse wave
}
}
if(Signal > thresh && Signal > P)
{ // thresh condition helps avoid noise
P = Signal; // P is the peak
} // keep track of highest point in pulse wave
// NOW IT'S TIME TO LOOK FOR THE HEART BEAT
// signal surges up in value every time there is a pulse
if (N > 250)
{ // avoid high frequency noise
if ( (Signal > thresh) && (Pulse == false) && (N > (IBI/5)*3) )
{
Pulse = true; // set the Pulse flag when we think there is a pulse
digitalWrite(blinkPin,HIGH); // turn on pin 13 LED
IBI = sampleCounter - lastBeatTime; // measure time between beats in mS
lastBeatTime = sampleCounter; // keep track of time for next pulse
if(secondBeat)
{ // if this is the second beat, if secondBeat == TRUE
secondBeat = false; // clear secondBeat flag
for(int i=0; i<=9; i++) // seed the running total to get a realisitic BPM at startup
{
rate[i] = IBI;
}
}
if(firstBeat) // if it's the first time we found a beat, if firstBeat == TRUE
{
firstBeat = false; // clear firstBeat flag
secondBeat = true; // set the second beat flag
sei(); // enable interrupts again
return; // IBI value is unreliable so discard it
}
// keep a running total of the last 10 IBI values
word runningTotal = 0; // clear the runningTotal variable
for(int i=0; i<=8; i++)
{ // shift data in the rate array
rate[i] = rate[i+1]; // and drop the oldest IBI value
runningTotal += rate[i]; // add up the 9 oldest IBI values
}
rate[9] = IBI; // add the latest IBI to the rate array
runningTotal += rate[9]; // add the latest IBI to runningTotal
runningTotal /= 10; // average the last 10 IBI values
BPM = 60000/runningTotal; // how many beats can fit into a minute? that's BPM!
QS = true; // set Quantified Self flag
// QS FLAG IS NOT CLEARED INSIDE THIS ISR
pulse = BPM;
}
}
if (Signal < thresh && Pulse == true)
{ // when the values are going down, the beat is over
digitalWrite(blinkPin,LOW); // turn off pin 13 LED
Pulse = false; // reset the Pulse flag so we can do it again
amp = P - T; // get amplitude of the pulse wave
thresh = amp/2 + T; // set thresh at 50% of the amplitude
P = thresh; // reset these for next time
T = thresh;
}
if (N > 2500)
{ // if 2.5 seconds go by without a beat
thresh = 512; // set thresh default
P = 512; // set P default
T = 512; // set T default
lastBeatTime = sampleCounter; // bring the lastBeatTime up to date
firstBeat = true; // set these to avoid noise
secondBeat = false; // when we get the heartbeat back
}
sei(); // enable interrupts when youre done!
}// end isr
void esp_8266()
{
// TCP connection AT+CIPSTART=4,"TCP","184.106.153.149",80
String cmd = "AT+CIPSTART=4,\"TCP\",\"";
cmd += "184.106.153.149"; // api.thingspeak.com
cmd += "\",80";
ser.println(cmd);
Serial.println(cmd);
if (ser.find("Error")){
Serial.println("AT+CIPSTART error");
return;
}
String getStr = "GET /update?api_key=";
getStr += apiKey;
getStr +="&field1=";
getStr +=String(pulse);
getStr +="&field2=";
getStr +=String(temp);
getStr += "\r\n\r\n";
// send data length
cmd = "AT+CIPSEND=4,";
cmd += String(getStr.length());
ser.println(cmd);
Serial.println(cmd);
delay(1000);
ser.print(getStr);
Serial.println(getStr); //thingspeak needs 15 sec delay between updates
delay(3000);
}
void read_temp()
{
int temp_val = analogRead(A1);
float mv = (temp_val/1024.0)*5000;
float cel = mv/10;
temp = (cel*9)/5 + 32;
Serial.print("Temperature:");
Serial.println(temp);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("BPM :");
lcd.setCursor(7,0);
lcd.print(BPM);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Temp.:");
lcd.setCursor(7,1);
lcd.print(temp);
lcd.setCursor(13,1);
lcd.print("F");
}
This is the error:
C:\Users\vaadh\OneDrive\Documents\Arduino\testing_LED_blinking\testing_LED_blinking.ino: In function 'void esp_8266()':
C:\Users\vaadh\OneDrive\Documents\Arduino\testing_LED_blinking\testing_LED_blinking.ino:282:21: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]
if (ser.find("Error")){
It is a problem of the Arduino core Stream class's find method. The type of the parameter should be const char* but it is char*.
Cast the parameter to char* to indicate to the compiler that it is OK.
ser.find((char*) "Error")
I am getting Segmentation fault error while reading two diffentent serial communication line with using Debian GNU/Linux 7.4 on Beaglebone Black. One of them is CAN-BUS data. I am using Waveshares RS485/CAN CAPE module for this with using can-utils package. "https://github.com/linux-can/can-utils/blob/master/candump.c"
CAN log file
And the other one is UART data by a GPS module called uBlox GY-NEO6MV2 module. For the GPS I have this code which works perfectly;
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h> /* File Control Definitions */
#include <termios.h> /* POSIX Terminal Control Definitions */
#include <unistd.h> /* UNIX Standard Definitions */
#include <errno.h> /* ERROR Number Definitions */
#include <string.h> /* Array to String */
void main(void){
int fd;/*File Descriptor*/
/*------------------------------- Opening the Serial Port -------------------------------*/
/* Change /dev/ttyUSB0 to the one corresponding to your system */
while(1){
fd = open("/dev/ttyO2",O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY); /* ttyUSB0 is the FT232 based USB2SERIAL Converter */
/* O_RDWR - Read/Write access to serial port */
/* O_NOCTTY - No terminal will control the process */
/* Open in blocking mode,read will wait */
if(fd == -1) /* Error Checking */
printf("\n Error! in Opening ttyO2 ");
else
printf("\n ttyO2 Opened Successfully ");
/*---------- Setting the Attributes of the serial port using termios structure --------- */
struct termios SerialPortSettings; /* Create the structure */
tcgetattr(fd, &SerialPortSettings); /* Get the current attributes of the Serial port */
/* Setting the Baud rate */
cfsetispeed(&SerialPortSettings,B9600); /* Set Read Speed as 9600 */
cfsetospeed(&SerialPortSettings,B9600); /* Set Write Speed as 9600 */
/* 8N1 Mode */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~PARENB; /* Disables the Parity Enable bit(PARENB),So No Parity */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB; /* CSTOPB = 2 Stop bits,here it is cleared so 1 Stop bit */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE; /* Clears the mask for setting the data size */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag |= CS8; /* Set the data bits = 8 */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS; /* No Hardware flow Control */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag |= CREAD | CLOCAL; /* Enable receiver,Ignore Modem Control lines */
SerialPortSettings.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); /* Disable XON/XOFF flow control both i/p and o/p */
SerialPortSettings.c_iflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG); /* Non Cannonical mode */
SerialPortSettings.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;/*No Output Processing*/
/* Setting Time outs */
SerialPortSettings.c_cc[VMIN] = 42; /* Read at least 51 characters */
SerialPortSettings.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; /* Wait indefinetly */
if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&SerialPortSettings)) != 0) /* Set the attributes to the termios structure*/
printf("\n ERROR ! in Setting attributes");
else
printf("\n BaudRate = 9600 \n StopBits = 1 \n Parity = none \n\n");
/*------------------------------- Read data from serial port -----------------------------*/
tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH); /* Discards old data in the rx buffer */
char read_buffer[42]; /* Buffer to store the data received */
int bytes_read = 0; /* Number of bytes read by the read() system call */
int ia = 0; int a;
int test = 0;
char new_read[38];
char curr_read[33];
a = 0;
do{
bytes_read = read(fd,&read_buffer,42); /* Read the data */
if(read_buffer[0] == '$')
if(read_buffer[1] == 'G')
if(read_buffer[2] == 'P')
if(read_buffer[3] == 'G')
if(read_buffer[4] == 'G'){
for(ia=7;ia<bytes_read;ia++){ /*printing only the received characters*/
new_read[a] = read_buffer[ia];
printf("%c",read_buffer[ia]);
a = a+1;
test = 1;
}
strcpy(curr_read, new_read);
printf("\n%s \n", curr_read);
}
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
}while(test == 0);
close(fd); /* Close the serial port */
}
}
And for the CAN logging I am using the code in the link above. What I try to achive is logging two data in to same log file. I modified the code above a little to get the datas only that I need; which is timestamp and location coordinates.
GPS edited data
GPS module gives data every second so I am triyng to get one data from GPS and attach it to the next 1000 CAN data then write in to a .log file then read a new value from GPS. GPS modules communication bitrate is 9600kbps and CAN bitrate is 125000 kbps. GPS is connected to UART2 pin, CAN to UART1. When I try to combine two code into one I get the Segmentation fault error. I made a little research its UNIX error code while violeting the restiricted memory space. But these two codes works perfectly when working seperatly. This is where I got stucked.
The code I tried to merge is like;
/* for hardware timestamps - since Linux 2.6.30 */
#ifndef SO_TIMESTAMPING
#define SO_TIMESTAMPING 37
#endif
/* from #include <linux/net_tstamp.h> - since Linux 2.6.30 */
#define SOF_TIMESTAMPING_SOFTWARE (1<<4)
#define SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RX_SOFTWARE (1<<3)
#define SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RAW_HARDWARE (1<<6)
#define MAXSOCK 16 /* max. number of CAN interfaces given on the cmdline */
#define MAXIFNAMES 30 /* size of receive name index to omit ioctls */
#define MAXCOL 6 /* number of different colors for colorized output */
#define ANYDEV "any" /* name of interface to receive from any CAN interface */
#define ANL "\r\n" /* newline in ASC mode */
#define SILENT_INI 42 /* detect user setting on commandline */
#define SILENT_OFF 0 /* no silent mode */
#define SILENT_ANI 1 /* silent mode with animation */
#define SILENT_ON 2 /* silent mode (completely silent) */
static char *cmdlinename[MAXSOCK];
static __u32 dropcnt[MAXSOCK];
static __u32 last_dropcnt[MAXSOCK];
static char devname[MAXIFNAMES][IFNAMSIZ+1];
static int dindex[MAXIFNAMES];
static int max_devname_len; /* to prevent frazzled device name output */
const int canfd_on = 1;
#define MAXANI 4
const char anichar[MAXANI] = {'|', '/', '-', '\\'};
const char extra_m_info[4][4] = {"- -", "B -", "- E", "B E"};
extern int optind, opterr, optopt;
static volatile int running = 1;
void sigterm(int signo)
{
running = 0;
}
int idx2dindex(int ifidx, int socket) {
int i;
struct ifreq ifr;
for (i=0; i < MAXIFNAMES; i++) {
if (dindex[i] == ifidx)
return i;
}
/* create new interface index cache entry */
/* remove index cache zombies first */
for (i=0; i < MAXIFNAMES; i++) {
if (dindex[i]) {
ifr.ifr_ifindex = dindex[i];
if (ioctl(socket, SIOCGIFNAME, &ifr) < 0)
dindex[i] = 0;
}
}
for (i=0; i < MAXIFNAMES; i++)
if (!dindex[i]) /* free entry */
break;
if (i == MAXIFNAMES) {
fprintf(stderr, "Interface index cache only supports %d interfaces.\n",
MAXIFNAMES);
exit(1);
}
dindex[i] = ifidx;
ifr.ifr_ifindex = ifidx;
if (ioctl(socket, SIOCGIFNAME, &ifr) < 0)
perror("SIOCGIFNAME");
if (max_devname_len < strlen(ifr.ifr_name))
max_devname_len = strlen(ifr.ifr_name);
strcpy(devname[i], ifr.ifr_name);
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("new index %d (%s)\n", i, devname[i]);
#endif
return i;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
fd_set rdfs;
int s[MAXSOCK];
int bridge = 0;
useconds_t bridge_delay = 0;
unsigned char timestamp = 0;
unsigned char hwtimestamp = 0;
unsigned char down_causes_exit = 1;
unsigned char dropmonitor = 0;
unsigned char extra_msg_info = 0;
unsigned char silent = SILENT_INI;
unsigned char silentani = 0;
unsigned char color = 0;
unsigned char view = 0;
unsigned char log = 0;
unsigned char logfrmt = 0;
int count = 0;
int rcvbuf_size = 0;
int opt, ret;
int currmax, numfilter;
int join_filter;
char *ptr, *nptr;
struct sockaddr_can addr;
char ctrlmsg[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval) + 3*sizeof(struct timespec) + sizeof(__u32))];
struct iovec iov;
struct msghdr msg;
struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
struct can_filter *rfilter;
can_err_mask_t err_mask;
struct canfd_frame frame;
int nbytes, i, maxdlen;
struct ifreq ifr;
struct timeval tv, last_tv;
struct timeval timeout, timeout_config = { 0, 0 }, *timeout_current = NULL;
FILE *logfile = NULL;
int fd;/*File Descriptor*/
struct termios SerialPortSettings; /* Create the structure */
signal(SIGTERM, sigterm);
signal(SIGHUP, sigterm);
signal(SIGINT, sigterm);
last_tv.tv_sec = 0;
last_tv.tv_usec = 0;
if (optind == argc) {
print_usage(basename(argv[0]));
exit(0);
}
if (logfrmt && view) {
fprintf(stderr, "Log file format selected: Please disable ASCII/BINARY/SWAP options!\n");
exit(0);
}
if (silent == SILENT_INI) {
if (log) {
fprintf(stderr, "Disabled standard output while logging.\n");
silent = SILENT_ON; /* disable output on stdout */
} else
silent = SILENT_OFF; /* default output */
}
currmax = argc - optind; /* find real number of CAN devices */
if (currmax > MAXSOCK) {
fprintf(stderr, "More than %d CAN devices given on commandline!\n", MAXSOCK);
return 1;
}
for (i=0; i < currmax; i++) {
ptr = argv[optind+i];
nptr = strchr(ptr, ',');
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("open %d '%s'.\n", i, ptr);
#endif
s[i] = socket(PF_CAN, SOCK_RAW, CAN_RAW);
if (s[i] < 0) {
perror("socket");
return 1;
}
cmdlinename[i] = ptr; /* save pointer to cmdline name of this socket */
if (nptr)
nbytes = nptr - ptr; /* interface name is up the first ',' */
else
nbytes = strlen(ptr); /* no ',' found => no filter definitions */
if (nbytes >= IFNAMSIZ) {
fprintf(stderr, "name of CAN device '%s' is too long!\n", ptr);
return 1;
}
if (nbytes > max_devname_len)
max_devname_len = nbytes; /* for nice printing */
addr.can_family = AF_CAN;
memset(&ifr.ifr_name, 0, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ptr, nbytes);
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("using interface name '%s'.\n", ifr.ifr_name);
#endif
if (strcmp(ANYDEV, ifr.ifr_name)) {
if (ioctl(s[i], SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) {
perror("SIOCGIFINDEX");
exit(1);
}
addr.can_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex;
} else
addr.can_ifindex = 0; /* any can interface */
if (nptr) {
/* found a ',' after the interface name => check for filters */
/* determine number of filters to alloc the filter space */
numfilter = 0;
ptr = nptr;
while (ptr) {
numfilter++;
ptr++; /* hop behind the ',' */
ptr = strchr(ptr, ','); /* exit condition */
}
rfilter = malloc(sizeof(struct can_filter) * numfilter);
if (!rfilter) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create filter space!\n");
return 1;
}
numfilter = 0;
err_mask = 0;
join_filter = 0;
while (nptr) {
ptr = nptr+1; /* hop behind the ',' */
nptr = strchr(ptr, ','); /* update exit condition */
if (sscanf(ptr, "%x:%x",
&rfilter[numfilter].can_id,
&rfilter[numfilter].can_mask) == 2) {
rfilter[numfilter].can_mask &= ~CAN_ERR_FLAG;
numfilter++;
} else if (sscanf(ptr, "%x~%x",
&rfilter[numfilter].can_id,
&rfilter[numfilter].can_mask) == 2) {
rfilter[numfilter].can_id |= CAN_INV_FILTER;
rfilter[numfilter].can_mask &= ~CAN_ERR_FLAG;
numfilter++;
} else if (*ptr == 'j' || *ptr == 'J') {
join_filter = 1;
} else if (sscanf(ptr, "#%x", &err_mask) != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error in filter option parsing: '%s'\n", ptr);
return 1;
}
}
if (err_mask)
setsockopt(s[i], SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_ERR_FILTER,
&err_mask, sizeof(err_mask));
if (join_filter && setsockopt(s[i], SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_JOIN_FILTERS,
&join_filter, sizeof(join_filter)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt CAN_RAW_JOIN_FILTERS not supported by your Linux Kernel");
return 1;
}
if (numfilter)
setsockopt(s[i], SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_FILTER,
rfilter, numfilter * sizeof(struct can_filter));
free(rfilter);
} /* if (nptr) */
/* try to switch the socket into CAN FD mode */
setsockopt(s[i], SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_FD_FRAMES, &canfd_on, sizeof(canfd_on));
if (rcvbuf_size) {
int curr_rcvbuf_size;
socklen_t curr_rcvbuf_size_len = sizeof(curr_rcvbuf_size);
/* try SO_RCVBUFFORCE first, if we run with CAP_NET_ADMIN */
if (setsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUFFORCE,
&rcvbuf_size, sizeof(rcvbuf_size)) < 0) {
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("SO_RCVBUFFORCE failed so try SO_RCVBUF ...\n");
#endif
if (setsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
&rcvbuf_size, sizeof(rcvbuf_size)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt SO_RCVBUF");
return 1;
}
if (getsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
&curr_rcvbuf_size, &curr_rcvbuf_size_len) < 0) {
perror("getsockopt SO_RCVBUF");
return 1;
}
/* Only print a warning the first time we detect the adjustment */
/* n.b.: The wanted size is doubled in Linux in net/sore/sock.c */
if (!i && curr_rcvbuf_size < rcvbuf_size*2)
fprintf(stderr, "The socket receive buffer size was "
"adjusted due to /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max.\n");
}
}
if (timestamp || log || logfrmt) {
if (hwtimestamp) {
const int timestamping_flags = (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_SOFTWARE | \
SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RX_SOFTWARE | \
SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RAW_HARDWARE);
if (setsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMPING,
×tamping_flags, sizeof(timestamping_flags)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMPING is not supported by your Linux kernel");
return 1;
}
} else {
const int timestamp_on = 1;
if (setsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP,
×tamp_on, sizeof(timestamp_on)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
return 1;
}
}
}
if (dropmonitor) {
const int dropmonitor_on = 1;
if (setsockopt(s[i], SOL_SOCKET, SO_RXQ_OVFL,
&dropmonitor_on, sizeof(dropmonitor_on)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt SO_RXQ_OVFL not supported by your Linux Kernel");
return 1;
}
}
if (bind(s[i], (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
perror("bind");
return 1;
}
}
if (log) {
time_t currtime;
struct tm now;
char fname[sizeof("candump-2006-11-20_202026.log")+1];
if (time(&currtime) == (time_t)-1) {
perror("time");
return 1;
}
localtime_r(&currtime, &now);
sprintf(fname, "candump-%04d-%02d-%02d_%02d%02d%02d.log",
now.tm_year + 1900,
now.tm_mon + 1,
now.tm_mday,
now.tm_hour,
now.tm_min,
now.tm_sec);
if (silent != SILENT_ON)
printf("\nWarning: console output active while logging!");
fprintf(stderr, "\nEnabling Logfile '%s'\n\n", fname);
logfile = fopen(fname, "w");
if (!logfile) {
perror("logfile");
return 1;
}
}
/* these settings are static and can be held out of the hot path */
iov.iov_base = &frame;
msg.msg_name = &addr;
msg.msg_iov = &iov;
msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
msg.msg_control = &ctrlmsg;
while (running) {
/*------------------------------- Opening the Serial Port -------------------------------*/
/* Change /dev/ttyUSB0 to the one corresponding to your system */
fd = open("/dev/ttyO2",O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY); /* ttyUSB0 is the FT232 based USB2SERIAL Converter */
/* O_RDWR - Read/Write access to serial port */
/* O_NOCTTY - No terminal will control the process */
/* Open in blocking mode,read will wait */
/* Error Checking */
if(fd == -1)
printf("\n Error! in Opening ttyO2 ");
else
printf("\n ttyO2 Opened Successfully ");
/*---------- Setting the Attributes of the serial port using termios structure --------- */
//struct termios SerialPortSettings; /* Create the structure */
tcgetattr(fd, &SerialPortSettings); /* Get the current attributes of the Serial port */
/* Setting the Baud rate */
cfsetispeed(&SerialPortSettings,B9600); /* Set Read Speed as 9600 */
cfsetospeed(&SerialPortSettings,B9600); /* Set Write Speed as 9600 */
/* 8N1 Mode */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~PARENB; /* Disables the Parity Enable bit(PARENB),So No Parity */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB; /* CSTOPB = 2 Stop bits,here it is cleared so 1 Stop bit */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE; /* Clears the mask for setting the data size */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag |= CS8; /* Set the data bits = 8 */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS; /* No Hardware flow Control */
SerialPortSettings.c_cflag |= CREAD | CLOCAL; /* Enable receiver,Ignore Modem Control lines */
SerialPortSettings.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); /* Disable XON/XOFF flow control both i/p and o/p */
SerialPortSettings.c_iflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG); /* Non Cannonical mode */
SerialPortSettings.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;/*No Output Processing*/
/* Setting Time outs */
SerialPortSettings.c_cc[VMIN] = 42; /* Read at least 42 characters */
SerialPortSettings.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; /* Wait indefinetly */
if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&SerialPortSettings)) != 0) /* Set the attributes to the termios structure*/
printf("\n ERROR ! in Setting attributes");
else
printf("\n BaudRate = 9600 \n StopBits = 1 \n Parity = none \n\n");
/*------------------------------- Read data from serial port -----------------------------*/
tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH); /* Discards old data in the rx buffer */
char read_buffer[42]; /* Buffer to store the data received */
int bytes_read = 0; /* Number of bytes read by the read() system call */
int ia = 0; int a;
int test = 0;
char new_read[38];
char curr_read[33];
int countc = 0;
a = 0;
do{
bytes_read = read(fd,&read_buffer,42); /* Read the data */
if(read_buffer[0] == '$')
if(read_buffer[1] == 'G')
if(read_buffer[2] == 'P')
if(read_buffer[3] == 'G')
if(read_buffer[4] == 'G'){
for(ia=7;ia<bytes_read;ia++){ /*printing only the received characters*/
new_read[a] = read_buffer[ia];
//printf("%c",read_buffer[ia]);
a = a+1;
test = 1;
}
strcpy(curr_read, new_read);
//printf("\n%s \n", curr_read);
}
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
else
test = 0;
}while(test == 0);
//tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH); /* Discards old data in the rx buffer */
close(fd); /* Close the serial port */
while(countc < 1000){
FD_ZERO(&rdfs);
for (i=0; i<currmax; i++)
FD_SET(s[i], &rdfs);
if (timeout_current)
*timeout_current = timeout_config;
if ((ret = select(s[currmax-1]+1, &rdfs, NULL, NULL, timeout_current)) <= 0) {
//perror("select");
running = 0;
continue;
}
for (i=0; i<currmax; i++) { /* check all CAN RAW sockets */
if (FD_ISSET(s[i], &rdfs)) {
int idx;
/* these settings may be modified by recvmsg() */
iov.iov_len = sizeof(frame);
msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(addr);
msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrlmsg);
msg.msg_flags = 0;
nbytes = recvmsg(s[i], &msg, 0);
idx = idx2dindex(addr.can_ifindex, s[i]);
if (nbytes < 0) {
if ((errno == ENETDOWN) && !down_causes_exit) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: interface down\n", devname[idx]);
continue;
}
perror("read");
return 1;
}
if ((size_t)nbytes == CAN_MTU)
maxdlen = CAN_MAX_DLEN;
else if ((size_t)nbytes == CANFD_MTU)
maxdlen = CANFD_MAX_DLEN;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "read: incomplete CAN frame\n");
return 1;
}
if (count && (--count == 0))
running = 0;
if (bridge) {
if (bridge_delay)
usleep(bridge_delay);
nbytes = write(bridge, &frame, nbytes);
if (nbytes < 0) {
perror("bridge write");
return 1;
} else if ((size_t)nbytes != CAN_MTU && (size_t)nbytes != CANFD_MTU) {
fprintf(stderr,"bridge write: incomplete CAN frame\n");
return 1;
}
}
for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
cmsg && (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET);
cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg,cmsg)) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_type == SO_TIMESTAMP) {
memcpy(&tv, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(tv));
} else if (cmsg->cmsg_type == SO_TIMESTAMPING) {
struct timespec *stamp = (struct timespec *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
/*
* stamp[0] is the software timestamp
* stamp[1] is deprecated
* stamp[2] is the raw hardware timestamp
* See chapter 2.1.2 Receive timestamps in
* linux/Documentation/networking/timestamping.txt
*/
tv.tv_sec = stamp[2].tv_sec;
tv.tv_usec = stamp[2].tv_nsec/1000;
} else if (cmsg->cmsg_type == SO_RXQ_OVFL)
memcpy(&dropcnt[i], CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(__u32));
}
/* check for (unlikely) dropped frames on this specific socket */
if (dropcnt[i] != last_dropcnt[i]) {
__u32 frames = dropcnt[i] - last_dropcnt[i];
if (silent != SILENT_ON)
printf("DROPCOUNT: dropped %d CAN frame%s on '%s' socket (total drops %d)\n",
frames, (frames > 1)?"s":"", devname[idx], dropcnt[i]);
if (log)
fprintf(logfile, "DROPCOUNT: dropped %d CAN frame%s on '%s' socket (total drops %d)\n",
frames, (frames > 1)?"s":"", devname[idx], dropcnt[i]);
last_dropcnt[i] = dropcnt[i];
}
/* once we detected a EFF frame indent SFF frames accordingly */
if (frame.can_id & CAN_EFF_FLAG)
view |= CANLIB_VIEW_INDENT_SFF;
if (log) { /* CODE GETS IN TO THIS PART */
char buf[CL_CFSZ]; /* max length */ /* WHEN PRINTING INTO FILE */
/* */
/* log CAN frame with absolute timestamp & device */ /* */
sprint_canframe(buf, &frame, 0, maxdlen); /* */
fprintf(logfile, "%s %*s %s\n", /* */
curr_read, /* */
max_devname_len, devname[idx], buf); /* */
} /* */
if (logfrmt) {
char buf[CL_CFSZ]; /* max length */
/* print CAN frame in log file style to stdout */
sprint_canframe(buf, &frame, 0, maxdlen);
printf("(%010ld.%06ld) %*s %s\n",
tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec,
max_devname_len, devname[idx], buf);
goto out_fflush; /* no other output to stdout */
}
if (silent != SILENT_OFF){
if (silent == SILENT_ANI) {
printf("%c\b", anichar[silentani%=MAXANI]);
silentani++;
}
goto out_fflush; /* no other output to stdout */
}
printf(" %s", (color>2)?col_on[idx%MAXCOL]:"");
switch (timestamp) {
case 'a': /* absolute with timestamp */
printf("(%010ld.%06ld) ", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
break;
case 'A': /* absolute with date */
{
struct tm tm;
char timestring[25];
tm = *localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
strftime(timestring, 24, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm);
printf("(%s.%06ld) ", timestring, tv.tv_usec);
}
break;
case 'd': /* delta */
case 'z': /* starting with zero */
{
struct timeval diff;
if (last_tv.tv_sec == 0) /* first init */
last_tv = tv;
diff.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec - last_tv.tv_sec;
diff.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec - last_tv.tv_usec;
if (diff.tv_usec < 0)
diff.tv_sec--, diff.tv_usec += 1000000;
if (diff.tv_sec < 0)
diff.tv_sec = diff.tv_usec = 0;
printf("(%03ld.%06ld) ", diff.tv_sec, diff.tv_usec);
if (timestamp == 'd')
last_tv = tv; /* update for delta calculation */
}
break;
default: /* no timestamp output */
break;
}
printf(" %s", (color && (color<3))?col_on[idx%MAXCOL]:"");
printf("%*s", max_devname_len, devname[idx]);
if (extra_msg_info) {
if (msg.msg_flags & MSG_DONTROUTE)
printf (" TX %s", extra_m_info[frame.flags & 3]);
else
printf (" RX %s", extra_m_info[frame.flags & 3]);
}
printf("%s ", (color==1)?col_off:"");
fprint_long_canframe(stdout, &frame, NULL, view, maxdlen);
printf("%s", (color>1)?col_off:"");
printf("\n");
}
out_fflush:
fflush(stdout);
}
countc = countc +1;
}
}
for (i=0; i<currmax; i++)
close(s[i]);
if (bridge)
close(bridge);
if (log)
fclose(logfile);
return 0;
}
Actually everything matters works in while(running) block. Inside this block when I make the bytes_read = read(fd,&read_buffer,42); as comment, it didn't write anything but also doesn't give the Segmentation fault error. Same also happens when I connect the GPS' TX pin in to BBB. So the problem starts to occur when the data is coming from the GPS and read by the BBB.
Segmentation Fault Err
What should I do about it?
Thanks.
Your GPS reading code
char new_read[38];
char curr_read[33];
strcpy(curr_read, new_read);
is copying a 38 char buffer into a 33 char buffer, which can result in bad things.
Strcpy will copy the contents of the source buffer into the destination buffer until it reads NULL from the source buffer. If the NULL char is at the 36th position in new_read, strcpy will be writing in random memory which can cause the segmentation fault.
I am guessing that when you run your GPS reading code as stand-alone, the writing into random memory goes un-noticed, but when you combine it with the CAN bus reading, it writes into allocated space and the error happens.
I have created a bluetooth input device (stylus) and would like to connect it to both a Mac and Windows (and preferably Linux in the future).
Is there an ideal software / language to use to create a cross-platform application? I have considered writing native applications for each, but I don't feel the application will be so complex that this is absolutely necessary.
The application will take the input data of the BT device and use it to move the cursor around the screen and provide click and pressure functionality.
Thank you in advance.
I don't know how you device is set up.
However, if you managed to put on it a PIC (Such as the Arduino ATMega328) with at least one serial interface, you could be able to connect it to your PC via Universal Serial Bus (USB).
After that you will be able to open a pipe to your device in many languages.
C is always a good choice both for Linux and OS X, using POSIX libraries will make it even easier.
This snippet I wrote taking some tips online may help to get started
int init_port (const char * port_name, int baud) {
/* Main vars */
struct termios toptions;
int stream;
/* Port data */
speed_t brate = baud;
if ((stream = apri_porta(port_name)) < 1)
return 0;
if (tcgetattr(stream, &toptions) < 0) {
printf("Error");
return 0;
}
/* INITIALIZING BAUD RATE */
cfsetispeed(&toptions, brate);
cfsetospeed(&toptions, brate);
// IMPORTANT BLOCK OF OPTIONS TO MAKE TX AND RX WORKING
toptions.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
toptions.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
toptions.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
toptions.c_cflag |= CS8;
toptions.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
toptions.c_cflag |= CREAD | CLOCAL;
toptions.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY);
toptions.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);
toptions.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
toptions.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
toptions.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
tcsetattr(stream, TCSANOW, &toptions);
if (tcsetattr(stream, TCSAFLUSH, &toptions) < 0) {
printf("Error");
return 0;
}
return stream;
}
int open_port (const char * port_name) {
int stream;
stream = open(port_name, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK );
if (stream == -1) {
printf("apri_porta: Impossibile aprire stream verso '%s'\n", port_name);
return -1;
}
return stream;
}
int close_port (int stream) {
return (close(stream));
}
int write_to_port(int stream, char * str) {
int len = (int)strlen(str);
int n = (int)write(stream, str, len);
if (n != len)
return 0;
return 1;
}
int read_from_port(int fd, char * buf, int buf_max, char until) {
int timeout = 5000;
char b[1];
int i=0;
do {
int n = (int)read(fd, b, 1);
if( n==-1) return -1;
if( n==0 ) {
usleep( 1 * 1000 );
timeout--;
continue;
}
buf[i] = b[0];
i++;
} while( b[0] != until && i < buf_max && timeout > 0 );
buf[i] = 0; // null terminate the string
return 0;
}
Objective-C (OS X) has got a good library which works like a charm (ORSSerialPort)
However, if you would like to have a cross-platform solution, Java is the best choice either for Windows, OS X and Linux.
I hope this helped you and others to get started.
Feel free to PM me if you need further help.
Best regards.