I've already read several questions and answers:
Vim: Use tabs for indentation, spaces for alignment with C source files
Vim: Align continous lines with spaces
But none of them offers a solution for me.
I really want to apply the "Indent with tabs, align with spaces" principle, but when it comes to auto-indentation, I failed to teach Vim how to do that right.
Consider the code, assuming tabstops == 3, shiftwidth == 3
(>-- means tab, and . (a dot) means space):
{
>--long a = 1,
>-->--..b = 2,
>-->--..c = 3;
}
So, it indents with tabs as much as possible, and then fills the rest with spaces. But it is actually a very bad approach: when someone will read this code with different tab size, the code will be messed up. Here what it will look like with tab size equal to 8 chars:
{
>-------long a = 1,
>------->-------..b = 2,
>------->-------..c = 3;
}
It is horrible. The problem is that Vim doesn't distinguish between indentation and alignment.
To make it look correctly with whatever the tab size is, the code should be indented this way:
{
>--long a = 1,
>--.....b = 2,
>--.....c = 3;
}
Then, this code will look nice whatever that tab size is. For example, 8 chars:
{
>-------long a = 1,
>-------.....b = 2,
>-------.....c = 3;
}
How to achieve this?
The most powerful way to influence indenting in Vim is via 'indentexpr'. From its :help:
The expression must return the number of spaces worth of indent. It
can return "-1" to keep the current indent (this means 'autoindent' is
used for the indent).
As this returns the number of spaces, not the rendered indent itself, and Vim only so far supports tab-, space-, or maximal-number-of-tab-followed-by-spaces (called softtabstop), this cannot be done.
So, if you really want to use this indent method (I personally like it for its purity and elegance, too! (but I don't employ it)), you have to turn off auto-indenting and auto-formatting and do the entire stuff manually by yourself, unfortunately.
As you already pointed out, vim cannot distinguish if you're pressing tab to indent or because you're trying to align text, so is not possibile to automatize the behaviour you want.
Closest thing you can do is to try to play with softtabstop and different values for tabstop, but this way you get the reverse of what you asked for: pressing a tab is going to insert as much spaces possibile before using a tab.
On a side note, if you want your code to always look like you intended, you could try directly setting expandtab.
Spaces always look the same, so
{
.........long a = 1,
..............b = 2,
..............c = 3;
}
is how your code will always appear.
Related
I'm creating several tabs in my project, and when I use '&' char it isn't displayed as it should be.
For example:
"Tab &1" -> number is underlined
So I figured that I could use:
"Tab &&1" -> and that result in "Tab &1"
I could add additional '&' manually, but I don't know if there are any more chars that don't work straight forward.
I didn't found any reference on my problem and tab names in my project aren't static.
Here is what I do on WM_CREATE:
RECT rcClient;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rcClient);
TabControl = CreateWindow(WC_TABCONTROL, "", WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_VISIBLE,0, 0, rcClient.right, rcClient.bottom, hwnd, (HMENU)0, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
TCITEM tie;
tie.mask = TCIF_TEXT;
tie.pszText = "Tab &&1";
TabCtrl_InsertItem(TabControl, 0, &tie);
Well, Unicode is a mountain of special characters, have some fun googling "zalgo".
But the behavior of the & character, and just that particular one, is nailed down as special in the DrawTextEx() winapi function. Note the DT_HIDEPREFIX option, explicitly dedicated to controlling the behavior of strings containing the & glyph. Not an accident, accurately underlining a single character is ridiculously difficult if you have to do it yourself.
Beyond zalgo there's not that much to worry about. Control characters can be a bit flaky, like "\t" and "\n", you never really use them by accident. And above all, if there's an accident then you'll see it rather quickly :)
I have this problem I'm adjusting a code I've made I have a structure like this:
Apple1 = Fruit("ss","ss",[0.1,0.4],'w')
PineApple = Fruit("ss","ss",[0.315,0.4],'w')
Banana = Fruit("ss","ss",[0.315,0.280],'w')
...
...
Instead of "ss"I would like to type further information like "Golden Delicious". For the moment I'm simply deleting "ss"clicking over it and then replacing it with the information I want to insert. I'm sure there is a faster way to do it, I've tried something with VIM macros but I can't figure out how to "Raw input" my data.
I've try simply to substitute it with Spyder, but is slow because I have to click substitute every time, with VIM for what I've try is the same.
Then I wonder how insert something else after 'w'...
This is an example of an final output only to understand better the question :
Apple1 = Fruit("Golden Delicous","red",[0.1,0.4],'w')
PineApple = Fruit("Ananas comosus","green",[0.315,0.4],'w')
Banana = Fruit(" Cavendish banana","yellow",[0.315,0.280],'w')
...
...
I reformulate the question: which is the faster way to change "ss", for the moment I'm clicking over "ss" delate "ss" and write e.g "Golden Delicous" but is very slow. What I would like is that for every single ss the editor ask me to insert something to replace the single ss.
e.g. first ssin the fist line: I want to replace it typing something else e.g. "Golden Delicous" second ssin the first line I want to replace it typing somethingelse e.g. red. First ssin the second line I want to replace it with s.e. e.g. Ananas comosussecond ssin the second line I want to replace with s.e. e.g. green and so on.
I'm sure there is an answer for this somewhere but I can't find it!
Please if you down vote explain me why so I can improve it!
As far as I understand, the data that you want to substitute for "ss" does not have regular structure, so you will need to enter it by hand.
In Vim you would do it like this:
Place the cursor over the first "ss", then press * and then N.
Press ce, enter the new data (e.g. "Golden Delicious"), then leave Insert mode by pressing Escape.
Press n to jump to the next instance of "ss".
Repeat steps 2 and 3 ad libitum.
Look up :h * and :h n for more information.
I would do it like that:
:%s/ss/\=input('Replacement: ')/gc
This queries you for each occurrence. With the /c flag, the display is even updated during the loop (at the cost of having to additionally answer y for each occurrence); without the flag, you would need to keep track of where you are yourself.
You can use a function that searches the whole file substituting all "ss" strings with values from arrays populated with the replacement data:
function! ChangeSS()
let ss1 = ['Golden Delicous', 'Ananas comosus', 'Cavendish banana']
let ss2 = ['red', 'green', 'yellow']
call cursor(1, 1)
let l = "ss2"
while search('"ss"', 'W') > 0
if l == "ss1"
let l = "ss2"
else
let l = "ss1"
endif
execute 'normal ci"' . remove({l}, 0)
endwhile
endfunction
It uses a reference variable (l) that exchanges which array you want to extract data from. ss1 is for first appearance of "ss" in the line and ss2 for the second one.
Run it like:
:call ChangeSS()
That (in my test) yields:
Apple1 = Fruit("Golden Delicous","red",[0.1,0.4],'w')
PineApple = Fruit("Ananas comosus","green",[0.315,0.4],'w')
Banana = Fruit("Cavendish banana","yellow",[0.315,0.280],'w')
Is there a multiline string literal syntax in Matlab or is it necessary to concatenate multiple lines?
I found the verbatim package, but it only works in an m-file or function and not interactively within editor cells.
EDIT: I am particularly after readbility and ease of modifying the literal in the code (imagine it contains indented blocks of different levels) - it is easy to make multiline strings, but I am looking for the most convenient sytax for doing that.
So far I have
t = {...
'abc'...
'def'};
t = cellfun(#(x) [x sprintf('\n')],t,'Unif',false);
t = horzcat(t{:});
which gives size(t) = 1 8, but is obviously a bit of a mess.
EDIT 2: Basically verbatim does what I want except it doesn't work in Editor cells, but maybe my best bet is to update it so it does. I think it should be possible to get current open file and cursor position from the java interface to the Editor. The problem would be if there were multiple verbatim calls in the same cell how would you distinguish between them.
I'd go for:
multiline = sprintf([ ...
'Line 1\n'...
'Line 2\n'...
]);
Matlab is an oddball in that escape processing in strings is a function of the printf family of functions instead of the string literal syntax. And no multiline literals. Oh well.
I've ended up doing two things. First, make CR() and LF() functions that just return processed \r and \n respectively, so you can use them as pseudo-literals in your code. I prefer doing this way rather than sending entire strings through sprintf(), because there might be other backslashes in there you didn't want processed as escape sequences (e.g. if some of your strings came from function arguments or input read from elsewhere).
function out = CR()
out = char(13); % # sprintf('\r')
function out = LF()
out = char(10); % # sprintf('\n');
Second, make a join(glue, strs) function that works like Perl's join or the cellfun/horzcat code in your example, but without the final trailing separator.
function out = join(glue, strs)
strs = strs(:)';
strs(2,:) = {glue};
strs = strs(:)';
strs(end) = [];
out = cat(2, strs{:});
And then use it with cell literals like you do.
str = join(LF, {
'abc'
'defghi'
'jklm'
});
You don't need the "..." ellipses in cell literals like this; omitting them does a vertical vector construction, and it's fine if the rows have different lengths of char strings because they're each getting stuck inside a cell. That alone should save you some typing.
Bit of an old thread but I got this
multiline = join([
"Line 1"
"Line 2"
], newline)
I think if makes things pretty easy but obviously it depends on what one is looking for :)
I would like to create a macro or a script in Vim that does the following:
wrap a block of text in double quotes
escaping any quotes that appear in the text itself
have the quotes on the right side in vertical alignment
For example:
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>High Score Server</h1>
<table>
ROWS
</table>
</body>
</html>
would become:
"<html> "
"<head></head> "
"<body> "
"<h1>High Score Server</h1>"
"<table> "
"ROWS "
"</table> "
"</body> "
"</html> ";
I am able to achieve this with a macro, but without the vertical alignment of the quotes on the right side. Can anyone help me with this one?
What I'd do :
With "surround" and "Align" plugins :
1) with cursor on first line (0,0), type <C-V>)$s"
2) then <S-V>):Align " and <Enter>.
Another solution without plugins :
1) set virtual mode
:set ve=all
2) <C-V> to go in block-wise selection, with cursor at the position 0,0
3) go down to the bottom of the text, then Shift-I, type " and Esc. This should prepend the quotes.
4) now go on the left end (since ve=all, you can go where there is no text)
5) <C-V>, go down to bottom, type r"
This is long to explain, but easy to do and reproduce. Also useful in lots of case.
function Enquote()
let [startline, endline]=sort([line("'<"), line("'>")])
let lines=getline(startline, endline)
let lengths=map(copy(lines), 'len(split(v:val, ''\zs''))')
let maxlen=max(lengths)
call map(lines, '''"''.v:val.repeat(" ", maxlen-lengths[v:key]).''"''')
return setline(startline, lines)
endfunction
Explanation:
line("'<") and line("'>") get the line numbers of start and end of last visual selection.
sort([...]) sorts this line numbers since you may have started selecting lines from the end of the selection.
let [a, b]=[c, d] is a parallel assignment: sort will produce a sorted list of two items, where first item is lesser or equal to second item. Obviously, lesser is a first selected line.
len(split(v:val, '\zs')) is an advanced strlen() which supports unicode.
max(list) finds a maximum value. Obvious.
So, map(copy(lines), 'len(split(v:val, ''\zs''))') applies this strlen to all items in list. copy() is required since we do not want our list to be modified.
map(lines, '''"''.v:val.repeat(" ", maxlen-lengths[v:key]).''"''') modifies an lines in a way you require. I switched from printf to repeat because printf does not handle multibyte characters correctly (by «correctly» I mean that «¥» is one character long, while printf considers it two bytes long).
setlines(linenumber, listoflines) actually modifies buffer.
Making use of the unix program "par" to do this may well solve your problem. There's a Vimcast showing how to integrate it into vim over at http://vimcasts.org/episodes/formatting-text-with-par/
Is it possible to make two passes over the list of lines in vim script? Then you can do something like this (pseudocode):
let N = length of longest line
for each line L:
insert a " character at the beginning
append N - len(L) spaces
append a " character
best i got is a 3-pass regex.
select block in visual mode, then use:
:'<,'>s#^#"#
:'<,'>s#$# #
:'<,'>s#\(.\{28\}\).*#\1"
with the 28 being the length of your longest line.
By all means heed the previous answers and get your vim-fu in shape. Or install/modify/poke-the-author of this plugin:
http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=4727
From the plugin's page:
This script converts multi-line text in a C++ file to a multi-line
string literal, escaping the quote and tab characters. It also does
the reverse conversion, un-escaping some characters. It's not too
complete for now, but it will be someday if needs come.
If you need to make changes use the source-code repository:
https://bitbucket.org/dsign/stringliteral.vim
In two passes:
let l = max(map(getline("'<", "'>"), 'strwidth(v:val)'))
'<,'>s/.*/\=('"'.submatch(0).repeat(' ', l-strwidth(submatch(0)) )).'"'
In PHP, if I have a function such as:
function test($b) {
var $a = 0;
while ($a < b) {
$a += 3;
}
return $a;
}
and the cursor is on the $a += 3 line, is it possible to quickly select the entire function?
"v2aB" would select everything including the function braces but not the declaration function test($b)
Press V after the selection command you post, to convert the selection to line selection, and it will select the function declaration:
v2aBV
It's been a long time since this question was asked and answered, but I will add my own answer because it's the one I was looking for and none of the others work exactly like this one:
nnoremap vaf ?func.*\n*\s*{<cr>ma/{<cr>%mb`av`b
vmap af o<esc>kvaf
The first mapping, "Visual around function" or vaf, will jump back to the start of the function definition, regardless that the { is in the same line or the next one, and even if it's a lambda function, and visually select it characterwise to it's ending bracket. This works in PHP, Javascript and Go.
The user can then press V to turn to linewise select mode if she wants to.
The only problem that I found is that when I am in the body of a big function, but below a line that uses a lambda (let's say "small") function, this will stop searching at the beginning of the small function and select it's body instead of reaching the start of the big function and select all of its body.
function show_video_server(v_server) {
// this whole function should get selected
var something = function(){ /* this function gets selected */ };
// | the cursor is here when I type "vaf"
}
As a workaround I use the second mapping: vmap af o<esc>kvaf. It feels like a repetition or expansion of the selection. What it really does is abandon the selection and go to the line before it, and then try it agan. If the "big" function uses several lambda functions the user has to repeat the af several times to reach the big one.
Usually, vaf es enough. Sometimes vaf af or vaf af af is needed. Anyway, it's the closest I could get to what I wanted, so this is the version I'm using.
Here's a mapping that seems to work very well, no matter the nesting level.
:map t ? function <CR>f{vaBV
Here's another method that will work if you have function-level folding turned on: z c v
That closes the current fold and selects it, but it leaves it closed. If you want it to remain open: z c v $
If you have block-level folding turned on, you would have to close twice, since you're inside the while loop, so: 2 z c v
To enable PHP class/function folding: let php_folding = 1
simple way
nmap vaf va}V
I like this
nmap vaf [{?function<CR>:nohl<CR>vf{]}
if ‘{’ is in new line
nmap vaF [{?function<CR>:nohl<CR>v/{<CR>]}
Yet another way. This should select the entire function definition regardless of your cursor position within the definition, not just when you're at the $a += 3 line.
Use this in normal mode (<CR> means press enter)
?func<CR>V/{%
Explanation of each part:
?func search backward for the word "func" (the idea is to get to the first line of the function definition)
V go to visual line mode
/{ search forward for the opening brace (I didn't use f{ because the opening brace might be on a separate line)
% go to the matching brace
If you are using OOP programming this works (it looks for extra words before function[public, private, protected])
nmap vaf [{?\S* function<CR>:nohl<CR>v/{<CR>]}
As a bonus here is a wrapper around if
nmap vai [{?if<CR>:nohl<CR>v/{<CR>]}