Thanks for your support,
I have the following folder structure on my linux laptop
/home
/A
/B
In folder "B", I have files of type *.csv, *.dat.
Now from folder A, How can I create a tar file containing files *.csv in folder B. I am running the command in folder A
Here is the command, I have tried but its not working,
In /home/A folder, I am running the following command
tar -cf /home/A/Sample1.tar -C /home/B/ZSBSDP4 *.csv
and also tried with this,
tar -cf /home/A/Sample1.tar -C /home/B/ZSBSDP4 --wildcards *.csv
For both of the commands, I get the following error,
tar: *.csv: Cannot stat: No such file or directory
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
In the tar file, I dont want to include the whole folder structure and this is the reason, I am using option -C (capital)
Moreover, the following command works but it tars all *.csv and *.dat files.
tar -cf /home/A/Sample1.tar -C /home/B/ZSBSDP4 .
You can edit the names in the tar command to remove the path. (Assuming that you have GNU tar.)
tar -cf /home/A/Sample1.tar --transform 's,.*/\([^/]*\),\1,' /home/B/ZSBSDP4/*.csv
Note that if you specify more source directories on the command, you could accidentally put more than one file with the same name in the tar file. Then when unpacking, the last one will overwrite those with the same name that precede it.
You can use the --exclude=PATTERN option:
tar -cf /home/A/Sample1.tar -C /home/B/ZSBSDP4 . --exclude=*.dat
Other "local file selection" options listed in the man page: http://linux.die.net/man/1/tar
Related
I'm trying to make a bash script to loop through all folder in directories, and individually zip just the folder I want without all path and choose where to zip theme.
#!/bin/bash
for dir in /MyPersonalFolder/*/*/WhatIWantFolder
do
folder_number=$(basename ${dir%/*}) ### basename get the name of this folder [*] 'folder have numbers' /MyPersonalFolder/*/[*]/WhatIWantFolder
sudo tar -cf "${folder_number}-WhatIWantFolder".tar.gz --absolute-names "$dir"
mkdir -p ./backup-theme/ && sudo mv "${folder_number}-theme".tar.gz $_ ### I use this to move zipped folder to specific directory if i can choose where to zip file in the zip command line it's better
done
I can zip the folder I want, but the output zip file comes with this content:
/MyPersonalFolder/0001/0001/WhatIWantFolder
But what I need is to output the file with this path:
0001/
|___WhatIWantFolder/
I tried to change "$dir" in this line
sudo tar -cf "${folder_number}-WhatIWantFolder".tar.gz --absolute-names "$dir"
with basename ${dir%/*}
sudo tar -cf "${folder_number}-WhatIWantFolder".tar.gz --absolute-names "basename ${dir%/*}"
tar not found the folder it's come with errors
tar: e0001: Cannot stat: No such file or directory
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
You can cd to another directory while running tar using the --cd option.
#!/bin/bash
for dir in MyPersonalFolder/*/*/WhatIWantFolder; do
parent="${dir%/*/*}"
subdir="${dir#*/*/*}"
outfile="backup-theme/${subdir/\//-}.tar.gz"
tar --cd "$parent" -cvzf "$outfile" "$subdir"
done
The directory structure of the tar file would look something like this:
tar -tf backup-theme/0001-WhatIWantFolder.tar.gz
0001/WhatIWantFolder/
0001/WhatIWantFolder/f1
Requirement: Archive files using UNIX shell script into .gz format without directory structure
I am using below command
tar -C source_dir -zcvf target_dir/xyz.gz source_dir
example:
tar -C /home/log -zcvf /home/archive/xyz.gz /home/log
here xyz.gz contains /home/log
It's creating xyz.gz file maintaining the directory structure. I want only files to be archive without directory structure.
You can try the following command:
$ cd /home/log
$ tar zcvf /home/archive/xyz.gz *
You can use the --transform option to strip leading path components from the archived file names using a sed espression:
tar -C /home/log -zcvf /home/archive/xyz.gz --transform 's_.*/__' /home/log
This however will also write an entry for each encountered directory. If you don't want that, you can use find to find only regular files and pass them to tar on stdin like this:
cd /home/log
find -type f -print0 | tar -zcvf /home/archive/xyz.gz --transform 's_.*/__' --verbatim-files-from --null -T -
Note that this may create multiple entries with the same name in the tar archive, if files with the same name exist in different subdirectories. Also you should probably use the conventional .tar.gz or .tgz extension for the compressed tar archive.
I have the following command in the part of a backup shell script:
tar -cjf site1.bz2 /var/www/site1/
When I list the contents of the archive, I get:
tar -tf site1.bz2
var/www/site1/style.css
var/www/site1/index.html
var/www/site1/page2.html
var/www/site1/page3.html
var/www/site1/images/img1.png
var/www/site1/images/img2.png
var/www/site1/subdir/index.html
But I would like to remove the part /var/www/site1 from directory and file names within the archive, in order to simplify extraction and avoid useless constant directory structure. Never know, in case I would extract backuped websites in a place where web data weren't stored under /var/www.
For the example above, I would like to have :
tar -tf site1.bz2
style.css
index.html
page2.html
page3.html
images/img1.png
images/img2.png
subdir/index.html
So, that when I extract, files are extracted in the current directory and I don't need to move extracted files afterwards, and so that sub-directory structures is preserved.
There are already many questions about tar and backuping in stackoverflow and at other places on the web, but most of them ask for dropping the entire sub-directory structure (flattening), or just add or remove the initial / in the names (I don't know what it changes exactly when extracting), but no more.
After having read some of the solutions found here and there as well as the manual, I tried :
tar -cjf site1.bz2 -C . /var/www/site1/
tar -cjf site1.bz2 -C / /var/www/site1/
tar -cjf site1.bz2 -C /var/www/site1/ /var/www/site1/
tar -cjf site1.bz2 --strip-components=3 /var/www/site1/
But none of them worked the way I want. Some do nothing, some others don't archive sub-directories anymore.
It's inside a backup shell script launched by a Cron, so I don't know well, which user runs it, what is the path and the current directory, so always writing absolute path is required for everything, and would prefer not changing current directory to avoid breaking something further in the script (because it doesn't only backup websites, but also databases, then send all that to FTP etc.)
How to achieve this?
Have I just misunderstood how the option -C works?
tar -cjf site1.tar.bz2 -C /var/www/site1 .
In the above example, tar will change to directory /var/www/site1 before doing its thing because the option -C /var/www/site1 was given.
From man tar:
OTHER OPTIONS
-C, --directory DIR
change to directory DIR
The option -C works; just for clarification I'll post 2 examples:
creation of a tarball without the full path:
full path /home/testuser/workspace/project/application.war and what we want is just project/application.war so:
tar -cvf output_filename.tar -C /home/testuser/workspace project
Note: there is a space between workspace and project; tar will replace full path with just project .
extraction of tarball with changing the target path (default to ., i.e current directory)
tar -xvf output_filename.tar -C /home/deploy/
tar will extract tarball based on given path and preserving the creation path; in our example the file application.war will be extracted to /home/deploy/project/application.war.
/home/deploy: given on extract
project: given on creation of tarball
Note : if you want to place the created tarball in a target directory, you just add the target path before tarball name. e.g.:
tar -cvf /path/to/place/output_filename.tar -C /home/testuser/workspace project
Seems -C option upto tar v2.8.3 does not work consistently on all the platforms (OSes). -C option is said to add directory to the archive but on Mac and Ubuntu it adds absolute path prefix inside generated tar.gz file.
tar target_path/file.tar.gz -C source_path/source_dir
Therefore the consistent and robust solution is to cd in to source_path (parent directory of source_dir) and run
tar target_path/file.tar.gz source_dir
or
tar -cf target_path/file.tar.gz source_dir
in your script. This will remove absolute path prefix in your generated tar.gz file's directory structure.
One minor detail:
tar -cjf site1.tar.bz2 -C /var/www/site1 .
adds the files as
tar -tf site1.tar.bz2
./style.css
./index.html
./page2.html
./page3.html
./images/img1.png
./images/img2.png
./subdir/index.html
If you really want
tar -tf site1.tar.bz2
style.css
index.html
page2.html
page3.html
images/img1.png
images/img2.png
subdir/index.html
You should either
cd into the directory first
or run
tar -cjf site1.tar.bz2 -C /var/www/site1 $(ls -A /var/www/site1)
Note though this does not support spaces. Thanks #dragon788 and #Fonic.
The following command will create a root directory "." and put all the files from the specified directory into it.
tar -cjf site1.tar.bz2 -C /var/www/site1 .
If you want to put all files in root of the tar file, #chinthaka is right. Just cd in to the directory and do:
tar -cjf target_path/file.tar.gz *
This will put all the files in the cwd to the tar file as root files.
Using the "point" leads to the creation of a folder named "point" (on Ubuntu 16).
tar -tf site1.bz2 -C /var/www/site1/ .
I dealt with this in more detail and prepared an example. Multi-line recording, plus an exception.
tar -tf site1.bz2\
-C /var/www/site1/ style.css\
-C /var/www/site1/ index.html\
-C /var/www/site1/ page2.html\
-C /var/www/site1/ page3.html\
--exclude=images/*.zip\
-C /var/www/site1/ images/
-C /var/www/site1/ subdir/
/
If you want to archive a subdirectory and trim subdirectory path this command will be useful:
tar -cjf site1.bz2 -C /var/www/ site1
Found tar -cvf site1-$seqNumber.tar -C /var/www/ site1 as more friendlier solution than tar -cvf site1-$seqNumber.tar -C /var/www/site1 . (notice the . in the second solution) for the following reasons
Tar file name can be insignificant as the original folder is now an archive entry
Tar file name being insignificant to the content can now be used for other purposes like sequence numbers, periodical backup etc.
In a mono exe I am creating .sh scripts file containing codes as below
tarcreator.sh:
tar -cvf /data/folder1/folder2/.../xyz.tar /data/...../tarHomeFolder/myTarFolder > /data/logs/tarLogs.txt
....
and the codes continue.
this .sh file is located in /data/...../tarHomeFolder and in my .exe I call it using "bash 'full path of .sh file'"
When I run this code in this way, it creates the tar but when I open the tar I see folders from the root directory.. (data/..../tarHomeFolder/myTarFolder/.....) instead of this I want my tar contain only directory structure of its folder (myTarFolder).
Then I changed the code to :
tar -cvf /data/folder1/folder2/.../xyz.tar myTarFolder > /data/logs/tarLogs.txt
knowing that .sh file is in tarHomeFolder but then my script tells no such file or directory for myTarFolder ..
when I use tar command right in command prompt, using the command
tar -cvf /data/folder1/folder2/.../xyz.tar myTarFolder > /data/logs/tarLogs.txt
it creates the tar directory structure as I want, so, how can I make it do the same in my bash file created and executed by mono .exe ?
All you need to do is change your directory before running tar. Something like this:
# If your full path to the directory is in DIR = "/data/...../tarHomeFolder/myTarFolder"
cd $(dirname $DIR)
tar -cvf /data/folder1/folder2/.../xyz.tar $(basename $DIR) > /data/logs/tarLogs.txt
This will leave you with relative paths, starting with myTarFolder, in your tar file.
Useful references:
basename
dirname
Something like this:
tar -cvf /data/folder1/folder2/.../xyz.tar -C /data/...../tarHomeFolder/ myTarFolder > /data/logs/tarLogs.txt
I'm working on a backup script and want to tar up a file directory:
tar czf ~/backup.tgz /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
This tars it up, but when I untar the resulting file, it includes the full file structure: the files are in home/username/drupal/sites/default/files.
Is there a way to exclude the parent directories, so that the resulting tar just knows about the last directory (files)?
Use the --directory option:
tar czf ~/backup.tgz --directory=/home/username/drupal/sites/default files
Hi I've a better solution when enter in the specified directory it's impossible (Makefiles,etc)
tar -cjvf files.tar.bz2 -C directory/contents/to/be/compressed .
Do not forget the dot (.) at the end !!
cd /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
tar czf ~/backup.tgz *
Create a tar archive
tar czf $sourcedir/$backup_dir.tar --directory=$sourcedir WEB-INF en
Un-tar files on a local machine
tar -xvf $deploydir/med365/$backup_dir.tar -C $deploydir/med365/
Upload to a server
scp -r -i $privatekey $sourcedir/$backup_dir.tar $server:$deploydir/med365/
echo "File uploaded.. deployment folders"
Un-tar on server
ssh -i $privatekey $server tar -xvf $deploydir/med365/$backup_dir.tar -C $deploydir/med365/
To gunzip all txt (*.txt) files from /home/myuser/workspace/zip_from/
to /home/myuser/workspace/zip_to/ without directory structure of source files use following command:
tar -P -cvzf /home/myuser/workspace/zip_to/mydoc.tar.gz --directory="/home/myuser/workspace/zip_from/" *.txt
If you want to tar files while keeping the structure but ignore it partially or completely when extracting, use the --strip-components argument when extracting.
In this case, where the full path is /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files, the following command would extract the tar.gz content without the full parent directory structure, keeping only the last directory of the path (e.g. files/file1).
tar -xzv --strip-components=5 -f backup.tgz
I've found this tip on https://www.baeldung.com/linux/tar-archive-without-directory-structure#5-using-the---strip-components-option.
To build on nbt's and MaikoID's solutions:
tar -czf destination.tar.gz -C source/directory $(ls source/directory)
This solution:
Includes all files and folders in the directory
Does not include any of the directory structure (or .) in the final product
Does not require you to change directories.
However, it requires the directory to be given twice, so it may be most useful in another script. It may also be less efficient if there are a lot of files/folders in source/directory. Adjust the subcommand as necessary.
So for instance for the following structure:
|- source
| |- one
| `- two
`- working
the following command:
working$ tar -czf destination.tar.gz -C ../source $(ls ../source)
will produce destination.tar.gz where both one and two (and sub-files/-folders) are the first items.
This worked for me:
gzip -dc "<your_file>.tgz" | tar x -C <location>
For me -C or --directory did not work, I use this
cd source/directory/or/file
tar -cvzf destination/packaged-app.tgz *.jar
# this will put your current directory to what it previously was
cd -
Kindly use the below command to generate tar file without directory structure
tar -C <directoryPath> -cvzf <Path of the tar.gz file> filename1 filename2... filename N
eg:
tar -C /home/project/files -cvzf /home/project/files/test.tar.gz text1.txt text2.txt
tar -Cczf ~/backup.tgz /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
-C does the cd for you