I want to connect and pair to available nearby bluetooth devices from command line in linux.
I have searched through internet, and found that we can pair through simple-agent, but it is not available in my device.
following commands are available in device:
hcitool, hciconfig, hcidump, sdptool, l2ping, rfcomm.
for connecting to remote device i am running the following command.
hcitool cc BD_ADDRESS
but above command is connecting the device for a while, and again the device is getting disconnected. in hcidump output , i am seeing the disconnection event. Is there anyway in linux command line through which i can test my bluetooth? What can be the reason for device is getting disconnected after a while?
I saw the same issue once and was able to solve it with the rfcomm command. Try the following:
# rfcomm connect /dev/rfcomm0 00:11:22:33:44:55 1 &
Additionally, it is good practice to enable secure simple pairing and enable page and inquiry scan with the following commands:
# hciconfig hci0 sspmode 1
# hciconfig hci0 piscan
Let me know if you still have problems.
Related
I have minimal linux system (no GUI, raspberry pi like board, based on buildroot) which should be able to do the following:
Allow all bluetooth clients to pair (no pin) after pressing a button for 60 seconds
Allow connection using SPP (serial port profile)
Endpoint of the SPP should be something like /dev/rfcomm
In an older version of buildroot (setup around 2016) I was able to do this using the following commands executed after the button press:
dbus-daemon &
bluetoothd --compat &
hciconfig hci0 up
hciconfig hci0 noauth
hciconfig hci0 sspmode 1
hciconfig hci0 class 0x080500
hciconfig hci0 name foobar
hciconfig hci0 piscan
sdptool add --channel=22 SP
rfcomm listen /dev/rfcomm0 22
I could then pair from my android phone without pin and connect to the SPP interface using this app. Since then hciconfig, sdptool and rfcomm where deprecated. If I try the above method I can't pair from my phone (got connection refused). Without pairing the SPP stuff can't work obviously.
What would be the preferred way in 2021 to setup a headless system which behaves as described above?
I need to read advertising packets from BLE sensors that broadcast temperature in an advertising packet every 5 seconds. I was told by the manufacturer that packet will be a GAP Scan Response Event and that I don't have to connect to the device to read this packet.
The sensor's MAC address shows up when I run sudo hcitool lescan
However, when I run sudo gatttool -I -t random -b 06:09:16:41:87:DB this happens:
[06:09:16:41:87:DB][LE]> connect
Attempting to connect to 06:09:16:41:87:DB
Error: connect error: Connection refused (111)
Also when I run sudo gatttool -b 06:09:16:41:87:DB -I and connect, I get:
Error: connect error: Transport endpoint is not connected (107)
How can I read this advertising packet if I am unable to make a Bluetooth connection via gatttool?
Well, if you want to listen to advertising events then you shouldn't connect since advertisements are broadcast. You should just scan. If you use the debugging tools "hcitool lescan" and "sudo btmon" in a separate terminal concurrently then you should see the scan response data.
I've run out of tutorials and tricks that worked for others but not for me.
I'm trying to pair a remote bluetooth speaker with my PI Zero.
When I attempt to connect I get the error message:
[bluetooth]# connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Attempting to connect to XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Failed to connect: org.bluez.Error.Failed
[bluetooth]#
And the log reports:
org.bluez.Manager.GetProperties() failed:
org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod: Method "GetProperties" with
signature "" on interface "org.bluez.Manager" doesn't exist
I have no idea where to begin addressing that. The logs also report
Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSupported:
Unable to autolaunch a dbus-daemon without a $DISPLAY for X11
and
a2dp-sink profile connect failed for XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX: Protocol not
available a2dp-source profile connect failed for XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:
Protocol not available
I'm sure there's useful information in there but every time I think I've googled a solution I'm disappointed. Moving the load of the discoverable module until after X11 load didn't work. Purging pulseaudio and reinstalling it didn't help. Any ideas?
Somewhere on some thread someone said that Pulseaudio had to be version 6.0 or greater, which led me down the rabbit hole of installing version 7, which broke on Jessie due to incompatible dependencies.
Ultimately I purged the following:
apt-get purge pulseaudio pulseaudio-module-bluetooth libpulse0
And reinstalled
apt-get install pulseaudio pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
I then unpaired the Alexa from the pi via the Alexa app on my phone
and ran
bluetoothctl
[bluetooth]# remove XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Reboot and voilà, Pulseaudio running and paired on the Pi and working! Only issue I have now is that I can't seem to get it to start automatically on boot. I've added to /etc/rc.local:
su -c 'pulseaudio --start' - pi
echo connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX | bluetoothctl
su -c 'pacmd set-card-profile bluez_card.68_54_FD_82_A9_BF a2dp' - pi
Well, to be precise, it pairs automatically on boot, but then drops out. If I manually run
pulseaudio --start
and
bluetoothctl
[bluetooth]# power on
[bluetooth]# agent on
[bluetooth]# default-agent
[bluetooth]# connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Then all works fine, stays rock solid. Despite the fact that I STILL have these error messages in the log:
cat /var/log/syslog | grep dbus
org.bluez.Manager.GetProperties() failed:
org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod: Method "GetProperties" with
signature "" on interface "org.bluez.Manager" doesn't exist
Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSupported:
Unable to autolaunch a dbus-daemon without a $DISPLAY for X11
I have an Rpi3 and I want to bond it with nRF which is connected to my laptop via UART. This nRF-laptop connection shows me whether Rpi3 is connected and/or paired with nRF. I am able to connect to the nRF device by running:
gatttool -t random -b XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX -I
I found that to be able to pair it, all I need to do is run the following command after I connected using gattool:
sec-level medium
However, nRF device only showed "Connected".
Then I tried using bluetoothctl command. I made sure the power is on, agent is on, it's discoverable and etc. After I ran the command pair XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX, it said it was successful. This was also confirmed after running info XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX. Yet nRF device did not react to the pairing. If I connect to nRF device through my phone using "nRF Connect" app, then nRF shows that my phone is paired.
I am running:
Linux 4.9.13-v7+ #974 SMP Wed Mar 1 20:09:48 GMT 2017 armv7l GNU/Linux
PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"
NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="8"
VERSION="8 (jessie)"
Bluez-5.44
I followed tutorials from adafruit and stackoverflow. I read that for Bluez-5.44 I do not need to run bluetooth in the experimental mode.
What am I missing? I would appreciate any help.
To any lost souls who might have also been stuck in this situation, here is how I solved it (you need to run sudo for the following commands):
$ service bluetooth stop
$ /etc/init.d/bluetooth start
If the nRF device has been paired once and then restarted, that means the pairing key is still on Pi's side which needs to be removed and can be done by:
$ bluetoothctl
$ remove XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
$ exit
After this you need to start bluetooth device:
$ hciconfig hci0 up
I try to connect android to linux via bluetooth low energy GATT mode.
There is a example code in Bluez: btgatt-server.c, I use it as server.
The Android Side be as the Android official example:Connecting to a GATT Server. That is, use function BluetoothDevice::connectGatt(Context context, boolean autoConnect, BluetoothGattCallback callback).
After running, the Android part returned the connection be successful,(the parameter of BluetoothGattCallback::onConnectionStateChange be STATE_CONNECTED), but the program in linux(btgatt-server) did not get any response, that still block in waiting accepting.
( line 485).
I also used another example code : l2cap-ble.c, the result was totally the same.
Anyone could help me? my goal is : after connecting, linux gatt server would send a data to Android. Then disconnecting.
thank you lots.
I just now faced the same problems.
This seems like a bug that happens with Android and Broadcom bluetooth modules. Android somehow connects to the wrong l2cap channel.
A workaround is to explicitely disable BR/EDR support in the advertisements.
The bug report on google with the solution in #8 can be found here, the quote on the hint that helped me:
I have obtained information from Broadcom regarding this bug and I don't think its a bug on their part. If one does not specifically set the 'BR/EDR not supported' bit in the advertisement (bit 2), the Broadcom stack will use BR/EDR and BTLE.
Changing the leading advertisement package from 020102 to 020106 solved the problem.
Using bluez btmgmt for configuring the advertisements on device hci0 i issue the following commands:
btmgmt -i hci0 power off
btmgmt -i hci0 le on
btmgmt -i hci0 connectable on
btmgmt -i hci0 bredr off # Disables BR/EDR !
btmgmt -i hci0 advertising on
btmgmt -i hci0 power on
Starting the bluez btgatt-server example:
btgatt-server -i hci0 -s low -t public -r -v