ubuntu 13.10 add keyboard layout from console - layout

After upgrading to 13.10 it looks like we have no more deal with XKB for layout settings and input language switching, so I have a question.
Some times I need to add one ore two more input languages and remove them after little time. It's frequently operation, and in the pas there was a way to make it simple, like:
setxkbmap -layout "us,ru,de"
So I was able to bind such command to hotkeys and add or remove needed language very fast and easy.
for now setxkbmap no affect laout at all, so what can I do?
I tryed to do something like:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources sources "[('xkb', 'us'), ('xkb', 'ru'), ('xkb', 'ar')]"
And it really added layout to keyboard-indicator, but wan't change the input at all, so if I open GUI settings tool, i wan't find there new language.
I tryed also to do:
gsettings set org.gnome.libgnomekbd.keyboard layouts "['us', 'ru', 'de']"
But that have no effect at all.
diff between gsettings list-recursively before adding new layout from gui and after that isn't showing any difference except in org.gnome.desktop.input-sources sources, diff between gconftool-2 --recursive-list before and after insn't showing any differences at all.
So, how can I add or remove input source and layout by console command?

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In gnome, how to get focus but not take window to top?

I use Archlinux. After latest update, my gnome 3 gets a property that a window can get focus without overlap other windows. I like it. But when I copy my configuration to another Archlinux (same version), it doesn't behave like that.
So, how to configure gnome to keep that property?

Focus follow mouse in vim

I am aware that the mousefocus option is only supposed to work in gVim. But I was wondering, if it's possible to have the console Vim switch to different windows in response to mouse clicks, would it be not possible to easily add following mouse movement to it, too?
I'm an xmonad user, I love the focus following the pointer feature, I do a lot of pdf viewing and browsing while writing in Vim, and I'd be so much happier if I didn't have to keep mentally switching back and forth between two different types of focus changing.
If that's completely not possible, I guess opening new Vim windows (as with :split) in new instances of the terminal is no easier to do?
It would not be at all simple to add this. Using the mouse within the terminal works by vim sending control codes to the terminal requesting that mouse actions be sent as part of the input stream. Terminals only report clicks not changes in the pointer position, so vim has no way of knowing where the mouse is.
With major changes it would likely be possible for a vim with X support to get pointer activity directly from the X server, but that would likely be reported by pixel rather than by character so further work would need to be done before it could determine which vim window is currently under the pointer.
set mouse=a
should do the trick but it will probably depend on your terminal emulator. See :help 'mouse'.
This works for Windows 7/Cygwin 32bit mintty/vim 7.3: (I DO NOT use gvim!)
Having installed this: http://ehiti.de/katmouse/, I can scroll the window under my cursor without having to have clicked to select a window, click-selecting of single vim-windows works, too. It does not pull the vim window to the foreground, if another window overlaps it, if that is what you desire. Still it can be scrolled without click-selecting it first.
So:
Check if there exists a software paket for your distribution, that implements your desired mouse behavior on the OS level. When this works for my self-compiled vim in cygwin, it might very well work with console vim on linux, too.
This post here serves as evidence, that it is possible at all, that is the reason this was not made a comment. When I am on linux again I will investigate this further and update this post, but that might take a while.
On set mouse=a: The vim help states you a need a terminal capable of handling mouse inputs, further information can be found here. :help ttymouse might also be helpful, i.e. if you have a xterm-compliant console, but :help term is set to something else.
UPDATE: (Freshly installed Fedora 19 with packages, no self-compiled stuff.)
Fedora 19 + se mouse=a = scrolling in single console vim window with several buffers opened next to each other independently works, too. Window manager used is LXDE.

How do you package a keyboard layout for Windows 8?

I've been searching for a way to do this. I use a slightly modified Colemak keyboard layout and I can't figure out how to add it as a supported input method in the new language selection in Windows 8. The installer that the Colemak guys distribute sort of works; you can choose the layout after installing it, but it forces the EN-us language, and can't be chosen for other languages.
If anyone knows how to do this properly, I'm sure the Colemak guys would appreciate hearing about it, and it would let me make the modifications I want to.
I don't know if this is the exact issue but there is a problem with MSKLC-generated layouts in Win8 (DP&CP).
You can choose the language if you make your custom keyboard layout with MSKLC: in the "Properties" part, or, if it does not work (though I'm sure it does), you can edit the .klc file manually.
Build it and setup with the executable. You are done.

How to programmatically invert screen colors in Linux

In Ubuntu, for example, you can use Super-M to invert the screen colors (requires desktop effects, see [1]). Other OSes have similar abilities, although I'm not really concerned with anything other than Linux.
Which API should I look into if I want to write a simple program that, when run, inverts the screen colors?
The language that I use the API from doesn't particularly matter to me. I am familiar enough with C/C++/Bash/Perl/Python that I can hack this up in whatever language has the easiest access to this API. Working on Ubuntu is required, working on other similar *nixes is not terribly important.
[1] https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KeyboardShortcuts#Desktop%20Effects%20enabled%20shortcuts
You could use xcalib to do what you want.
For example, a simple bash script to invert the screen colors would look like this:
#!/bin/bash
xcalib -invert -alter
Here are scripts and instructions for shifting colors using compton: https://github.com/vn971/linux-color-inversion
xrandr-invert-colors worked out of the box for me.
xcalib does not work for me using xorg and a tiling window manager, with an external display and gives me the following error: "Unable to get a display calibration".
Credit to Imat.

Solaris 10 keyboard problem

Im runing Solaris 10 - but im having problems with the keyboard.
Instead of - i get /, and instead of y i get z, etc. I tried changing every option in the menu "Keyboard Behaviour". I also tried changing kmdconfig from xorg to xsun, but then the graphics goes all wild and ugly - although the keyboard works fine then. Also cant change resolution in xsun mode.
By the way, im runing Solaris from Vmware, but i doubt this has anything to do with this.
Leave the graphic environment to the console:
dtconfig -d
dtconfig -reset
Select the correct keyboard layout you use:
kbd -s
Load it:
loadkeys
Check the keys are working properly. If okay, enable the graphical environment again:
dtconfig -e
If that still works, make that choice persistent after a reboot by updating your eeprom. eg:
eeprom kbd-type=Spanish
This should be migrated to superuser.com
It seems that you are expecting a german keyboard layout but are getting a US layout - at least the differences you are seeing are differences between those layouts. I don't know where to change that in openSolaris, but maybe it helps you find the correct place to look. Whatever desktop environment that you are using, it should have a tool to change the keyboard layout, probably somewhere with the other internationalization settings.

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