I am trying to plot a simple contour plot (in gnuplot) for the Himmelblau's function using the following code :
f(x,y)=(((x**2)+(y)-11)**2)+(((x)+(y**2)-7)**2)
set xrange [-5:5]
set yrange [-5:5]
set contour base
set cntrparam level discrete 13.59085,25,50,100,150,300,500,1000
set table 'cont.dat'
splot f(x,y)
unset table
reset
set xrange [-5:5]
set yrange [-5:5]
unset key
p './cont.dat' w l lt -1
I get the following plot result:
There are a few problems with the plot which I wish to eliminate:
It shows some horizontal lines in the plot, I don't know why. How can I remove the horizontal lines?
The contour lines are not too smooth. How can I improve there smoothness?
I feel that both the above problems are connected but can't figure out how. Can you please help me understand and hopefully eliminate the problems?
EDIT 1 : I found the answer to question-2, i.e. improving smoothness. I could do it by increasing the isosample. But I still get a lot of horizontal lines as shown in figure below.
But how to remove these horizontal lines? I just want the contour lines for the levels specified.
Here is how you can plot only the contour lines: You must use unset surface, which plots only the contour lines, and view the plot from above with set view map. See also the 2D contour projection plot from the gnuplot demos.
Smoothing can be achieved with set isosamples, but in some way also using e.g. set cntrparam bspline and similar.
So your script becomes:
f(x,y)=(((x**2)+(y)-11)**2)+(((x)+(y**2)-7)**2)
set xrange [-5:5]
set yrange [-5:5]
set contour base
set cntrparam level discrete 13.59085,25,50,100,150,300,500,1000
set isosamples 250
unset surface
set view map
set key out
splot f(x,y)
With the result (using 4.6.3):
I was able to solve both the problems. The solution to Problem-2 I already shared in the edit-1 of question.
For Problem-1, i.e. removing the IsoLines from the contour plot, I should have left the initial blocks of data int he cont.dat files which contain the data for the isolines. Instead, I should have plotted from the Data Block 250 onwards (first 250 blocks of data were from IsoLines because of set isosample 250,250 command).
Related
I have two data files, qebands.agr and ex1_band.dat. When I plot them using OriginLab I got directly this figure:
On the other hand, someone used Gnuplot with the following script:
set xtics nomirr
set x2tics
set xrange [*:*] noextend
set x2range [*:*] noextend
plot 'qebands.agr' w l, 'ex1_band.dat' axes x2y1 w l
and get:
I haven't used Gnuplot before.
Could anyone tell me why the two figures are different? i.e., why the scale the x-axis is different in both figures?
Depending on which image is the desired one...
Remove axes x2y1 in the second part of the gnuplot command and you will get a similar plot as the Origin one.
You are explicitly specifying that 'ex1_band.dat' is plotted to axes x2y1 (x2 = top x-axis, y1 = left y-axis).
Per default, gnuplot autoscales both x-axes independently, unless you link them (check help link).
Origin is plotting both files relative to x1y1 axes.
This question is to some part identical to what has already been asked here. But the referenced question never received the answer to the point whether the issue presented here is a bug or documentation confusion.
Documentation states with respect to the layout option of multiplot:
With the layout option you can generate simple multiplots without
having to give the set size and set origin commands before each plot:
Those are generated automatically, but can be overridden at any time.
My understanding of that text is that layout sets origin and size and at any time, i can change those specifications. Then this should work:
set xrange [0:10]
set multiplot layout 3,1 margins 0.1,0.95,0.12,0.95 spacing 0,0
unset key
plot cos(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
plot sin(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
set key bottom center out horizontal
plot sin(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
set origin 0.3,0.5
set size 0.2,0.1
set xrange [1:2]
plot cos(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
unset multiplot
But it does not. gnuplot completely ignores set size and set origin commands. What it should do is to plot 3 plots under each other and then create an inset at screen position (0.3,0.5) of size relative to canvas (0.2,0.1).
My questions are:
Is this a bug that should be reported or is this poorly formulated documentation issue (that layout can be overridden by set position and set size)?
multiplot offers two ways to position the sub-plots, set origin + set size and set *margin where * stands for one of b,t,l,r. Can someone provide a deeper explanation when one should use which? (For me it feels the proper way that was meant to do it is set origin and margins just became a dirty trick that works but was not meant for that)
What would be the cleanest way to produce the plot that I am looking for that would be easily reproducible (for any other problem, not just 3 plots but any plots and without some tedious calculations of positions)?
Is there a way to print the settings of origin, size, margins and any other relevant settings that are automatically calculated (and used) when the layout option is specified?
My guess would be that it is a bit unclear documentation.
It's a matter of taste and convenience and depends on your situation. Setting origin and size is setting the place for the (sub-)"canvas". This (sub-)"canvas" still can have some individual b,t,l,r margins. Note, margins are the space between graph border and canvas-border.
Apparently, the margins which you are setting in the multiplot layout are kept for your extra plot.
So, apparently you have to reset them, e.g. set margins 0,0,0,0. And then you are probably getting your intended plot.
I am not aware that you can extract the automatically calculated values for margins. There are no such values
listed in show var GPVAL.
Code:
### multiplot layout with manual origin and size
reset session
set xrange [0:10]
unset key
set ytics 0.5
set multiplot layout 3,1 margins 0.1,0.95,0.12,0.95 spacing 0,0
plot cos(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
plot sin(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
set key bottom center out horizontal
plot sin(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
set margins 0,0,0,0
set origin 0.3,0.5
set size 0.2,0.1
set xrange [1:2]
plot cos(x) axes x1y1 w l ls 3 notitle
unset multiplot
### end of code
Result:
I have a problem with plotting my data points with pm3d in gnuplot. In my data file, the points (2-dim domain) are not rectangular aligned, but parabolic as shown in this figure, where the data points are not aligned exactly above each other. My goal is to create a heatmap with pm3d for a specific xrange where the heatmap is continued to the borders of the selected xrange.
What I did:
Plotted the data set with pm3d using the following minimal code example:
set terminal qt
set xrange [-0.25:1.00]
set view map
splot "data.txt" u 1:2:3 with pm3d
What I got:
A heatmap of my data file, but with ugly corners at the border points at where I cut my x-domain, because the border points are not aligned "above" each other.
What I expected:
A heatmap where the "heat" values are continued to the real border of the domain as it is the case for a simple "with lines" plot, shown in this figure.
My attempts so far to achieve what I expected:
I tried several pm3d options, including the option clip1in, which only requires 1 clip of a "heat rectangle" to be inside the domain, but the result was that the corners are no laying outside of the domain, which doesn't solve the problem unfortunately.
Additional information:
OS: Ubuntu 20.04
$ gnuplot -V
gnuplot 5.2 patchlevel 8
If anybody knows how I achieve what I'm trying to do, it would be nice to share that knowledge!
Cheers!
Gnuplot 5.4 does offer this sort of smooth clipping on the z coordinate, but unfortunately that doesn't help because you want clipping on x in this case.
Here is an example of performing x clipping by manual intervention.
The complicated expression for the x coordinate is just to generate points
with a non-orthogonal grid.
xclip(x) = x > 6. ? 6. : x # clip x to maximum value of 6.
f(x,y) = sin(sqrt(x*x + y*y)) # some function to plot
set sample 21; set isosample 21
set view map
set xrange [-6 : 6]
unset key
set multiplot layout 1,2
set title "No clipping"
splot '++' using ($1+$2*$2/10.) :($2):(f($1,$2)) with pm3d
set title "Manual clipping at x=6"
splot '++' using (xclip($1+$2*$2/10.)):($2):(f($1,$2)) with pm3d
unset multiplot
So far, I have been able to generate 2D contour plots using pm3d for a 2D structured data. However, I have got some data files that contains some flow visualisation of an unstructured grid that I am trying to plot next to the structured data. So far, I have found some links pointing to some scripts on how to generate contour plots Link, but it seems that the only way to do it is through dgrid3d, which only generates contours lines rather than the surface flow like this picture .
I am just wondering if there is a better way to generate similar plot using gnuplot tool.
Thank you very much for the help!
It is not correct that dgrid3d only produces lines. It is a preprocessing step for your data, which can subsequent be plotted using any style you want.
Here is an example using a pre-generated set of random points with Gaussian distribution. The code shown should work with gnuplot version 5.2 or newer. A slightly simpler plot command is possible in the current gnuplot version but the one shown still works also.
set view map
unset key
set cbtics format "" # no tic labels on the colorbar
set palette cubehelix negative
#
# Generate a grid from point density of previously-generated Gaussian
#
set dgrid3d 50,50 gauss kdensity
#
# Make all contour lines black
#
set contour base
set cntrparam levels incremental 0,200
set cntrparam firstlinetype 101
set for [L=101:110] linetype L linecolor "black" dashtype solid
set style textbox opaque noborder
set pm3d explicit at b
#
# Order of drawing is important.
# First the surface, then the lines, then the labels
#
splot $random using 1:2:(1) with pm3d, \
'' using 1:2:(1) with lines nosurface, \
'' using 1:2:(1):("") with labels boxed
Using gnuplot, how can I plot sin(x) in the x-z plane and sin(x) in the x-y plane, both at the same time? I'm guessing I need to use the set parametric command and the splot command, but I can't seem to work out the rest! Does anyone know how to do this? I'm trying to generate a plot which demonstrates the nature of an electromagnetic wave. Thanks.
Yes, parametric mode is a possibility. For example, splot u,0,sin(u), u,sin(u),0 will plot the two (!) parametric curves u,0,sin(u) and u,sin(u),0. The variable u is the parametric dummy variable, for a simple sine function we only need one of them, even in 3d mode.
It might look a bit nicer with the following settings, but this is of course my biased opinion, far from finished, and depends on your needs:
set terminal pngcairo
set output "emfield.png"
set yrange [-2:2]
set zrange [-2:2]
set parametric
umax = 6*pi
set urange [0:umax]
unset border
unset xtics
unset ytics
unset ztics
# Set zeroaxes
set xyplane at 0
set arrow from 0,0,0 to (umax*1.1),0,0 size screen 0.020,15,60 filled
set arrow from 0,1,0 to 0,-1,0 size screen 0.020,15,60 filled
set arrow from 0,0,-1.4 to 0,0,1.4 size screen 0.020,15,60 filled
splot u,0,sin(u) lc 6, u,sin(u),0 lc 7
The result looks like this: