Yesod Persistent functions inaccessible from Handler. What should I include? - haskell

I'm having trouble with a slightly altered Yesod scaffold. I've got my Entity described like so in /config/models:
Artist
ident Int
value Text
and here is my handler at /Handler/Artist.hs
{-# LANGUAGE QuasiQuotes, TypeFamilies, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving, TemplateHaskell,
OverloadedStrings, GADTs, FlexibleContexts #-}
module Handler.Artist where
import Import
import qualified Control.Monad.IO.Class as M
import Text.Hamlet (shamlet)
import Text.Blaze.Html.Renderer.String (renderHtml)
import Database.Persist
import Database.Persist.Sqlite
import Database.Persist.TH
import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO)
getArtistR = concatMap (renderListElement . value) $ artists
where artists = selectList ([] :: [Filter Artist]) []
renderListElement name = renderHtml [shamlet|<li>#{name}|]
(I included with redundancy :) )
And lastly, my errors:
Rebuilding application... (using cabal)
Handler/Artist.hs:14:45: Not in scope: `value'
Build failure, pausing...
I'm not sure what I should do! Do I need to throw in something like $(widgetFile "artist") in the handler? Where is the patching going wrong? Any help would be so awesome. Thank you in advance!!!

You should prefix functions with model name, so value becomes artistValue.
Documentation contains example of generated code.

Related

Scotty and persistence - type error when using insert function

I've got the following application:
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE QuasiQuotes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE EmptyDataDecls #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DerivingStrategies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
module Main where
-- Scotty
import qualified Web.Scotty as S
import Network.Wai.Middleware.RequestLogger
import Network.Wai.Middleware.Static
import qualified Data.Text.Lazy as L
-- HTML rendering
import Text.Blaze.Html.Renderer.Text (renderHtml)
import qualified Text.Blaze.Html5 as H
import qualified Text.Blaze.Html5.Attributes as A
import Control.Monad.IO.Class
-- Database
import Database.Persist
import Database.Persist.Sqlite
import Database.Persist.TH
import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource (runResourceT, ResourceT)
import Control.Monad.Logger
-- URL generation
import System.Random
import Control.Monad (replicateM)
-- JSON
import Data.Map (fromList)
share [mkPersist sqlSettings, mkMigrate "migrateAll"] [persistLowerCase|
Link
shortUrl L.Text
URLKey shortUrl
Primary shortUrl
longUrl L.Text
counter Int
deriving Show
|]
getURL :: L.Text -> IO (Maybe (Entity Link))
getURL shortId = runSqlite "links.db" $ do
maybeOriginal <- getBy $ URLKey shortId
pure maybeOriginal
-- I don't know what type to give this, that's probably the problem
addURL short long = runSqlite "links.db" $ do
insert $ Link short long
main :: IO ()
main = do
-- Connect to db and run migration
runSqlite "links.db" $ do runMigration migrateAll
S.scotty 3000 $ do
...
S.post "/shorten" $ do
-- Get URL
url <- S.param "url" :: S.ActionM L.Text
-- Generate a random short URL
randStr <- liftIO $ getRandStr 5
-- Add the urls to the database
liftIO $ addURL (L.pack randStr) url
-- Send JSON response with ID
S.json $ fromList [("id" :: String, randStr)]
I get the following error:
shortener> build (lib + exe)
Preprocessing library for shortener-0.1.0.0..
Building library for shortener-0.1.0.0..
Preprocessing executable 'shortener-exe' for shortener-0.1.0.0..
Building executable 'shortener-exe' for shortener-0.1.0.0..
[2 of 2] Compiling Main
/home/henry/haskell/shortener/app/Main.hs:86:5: error:
• Couldn't match type ‘PersistEntityBackend (Int -> Link)’
with ‘SqlBackend’
arising from a use of ‘insert’
• In the first argument of ‘($)’, namely ‘insert’
In a stmt of a 'do' block: insert $ Link short long
In the second argument of ‘($)’, namely
‘do insert $ Link short long’
|
86 | insert $ Link short long
| ^^^^^^
-- While building package shortener-0.1.0.0 (scroll up to its section to see the error) using:
/home/henry/.stack/setup-exe-cache/x86_64-linux-tinfo6/Cabal-simple_mPHDZzAJ_3.4.1.0_ghc-9.0.2 --builddir=.stack-work/dist/x86_64-linux-tinfo6/Cabal-3.4.1.0 build lib:shortener exe:shortener-exe --ghc-options " -fdiagnostics-color=always"
Process exited with code: ExitFailure 1
I'm not sure how to resolve this type error and I haven't been able to find anything of use online. There was this answer with a similar problem, but the given type signature and several variations of it did not work.
It turns out I forgot a field when inserting. I had
insert $ Link short long
I needed
insert $ Link short long 0
for the counter field of Link.
Unfortunately the error didn't make that at all clear.

Haskell DeriveGeneric pragma not being recognized

I have the following at the top of my Haskell file:
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric, OverloadedStrings, DefaultSignatures, TypeOperators, FlexibleContexts, RecordWildCards, FlexibleInstances, ExtendedDefaultRules #-}
module Main where
import qualified Data.Map as Map
import qualified Data.Set as Set
import Data.Text (Text)
import Data.DateTime
import Data.Aeson
newtype Price = Price Float deriving Generic
However, when I run:
$ stack ghci
...
Prelude> :l myfile.hs
[1 of 1] Compiling Main ( myfile.hs, interpreted )
myfile.hs:13:38: error:
Not in scope: type constructor or class ‘Generic’
|
13 | newtype Price = Price Float deriving Generic
| ^^^^^^^
Failed, no modules loaded.
It seems to not accept my pragma for generics. What am I doing wrong? Looking at similar questions, this seems like it should work.
You also need to import GHC.Generics:
-- other imports
import GHC.Generics
-- more imports

Haskell scotty and persistence rest API

I'm new in Haskell. I woudl like to create simple crud rest api with scotty and persistence. I'm using sqlite with one table todo (title text, description text), I have some records in table. My point is to show all records on enpoint /todos in json format. When I print it I gets an error
• Couldn't match expected type ‘Data.Text.Internal.Lazy.Text’
with actual type ‘[Entity ToDo]’
• In the first argument of ‘text’, namely ‘(_ToDo)’
In a stmt of a 'do' block: text (_ToDo)
In the second argument of ‘($)’, namely
‘do _ToDo <- liftIO readToDo
text (_ToDo)’
|
69 | text(_ToDo)
| ^^^^^
My code:
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}
{-# LANGUAGE EmptyDataDecls #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE QuasiQuotes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-}
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
module Main where
import Data.Monoid ((<>))
import Web.Scotty
import qualified Web.Scotty as S
import Database.Persist
import Database.Persist.Sqlite
import Database.Persist.TH
import Data.Text (Text)
import Data.Time (UTCTime, getCurrentTime)
import qualified Data.Text as T
import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO)
import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource (runResourceT, ResourceT)
import Database.Persist.Sql
import Control.Monad (forM_)
import Control.Applicative
import Control.Monad.Logger
import Data.Aeson
import Data.Default.Class
import GHC.Generics
import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO)
share [mkPersist sqlSettings, mkMigrate "migrateAll"] [persistLowerCase|
ToDo
title String
description String
deriving Show
|]
runDb :: SqlPersist (ResourceT (NoLoggingT IO)) a -> IO a
runDb = runNoLoggingT
. runResourceT
. withSqliteConn "todo.db"
. runSqlConn
instance ToJSON ToDo where
toJSON(ToDo title description) = object ["title" .= title, "description" .= description]
readToDo :: IO [Entity ToDo]
readToDo = (runDb $ selectList [] [LimitTo 10] )
routes :: ScottyM()
routes = do
S.get "/hello" $ do
text "hello world!"
S.get "/hello/:name" $ do
name <- param "name"
text ("hello" <> name <> "!")
S.get "/todos" $ do
_ToDo <- liftIO readToDo
text(_ToDo)
main = do
putStrLn "Starting server...."
scotty 7777 routes
How to correct this?
It looks like compiler accused you of having a bad conversion between the list of Entity ToDo-s and Data.Text.Lazy.
Please try to convert it by hand using pack function:
import Data.Text.Lazy (pack)
...
routes = do
S.get "/hello" $ do
text "hello world!"
S.get "/hello/:name" $ do
name <- param "name"
text ("hello" <> name <> "!")
S.get "/todos" $ do
_ToDo <- liftIO readToDo
text(pack . show $ _ToDo) -- explicit conversion
...

Snap, IO and acid-state

Trying to use acid-state in Snap, and I hit a roadblock.
Here is what I got so far.
First my acid-state related objects (it's a dummy book with a isbn number):
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
module Models where
import Prelude hiding ((.), id)
import Control.Category ((.))
import Control.Monad.Reader (asks)
import Data.ByteString (ByteString)
import Data.SafeCopy (base, deriveSafeCopy)
import qualified Data.Text as T
import Data.Typeable (Typeable)
import Data.Acid (Update, Query, makeAcidic)
import Control.Monad.Reader (ask)
import Control.Applicative ((<$>))
import Data.Data (Data)
data Book = Book { isbn :: String }
deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Data, Show, Typeable)
$(deriveSafeCopy 0 'base ''Book)
-- Retrieve the book's isbn
queryIsbn :: Query Book String
queryIsbn = isbn <$> ask
$(makeAcidic ''Book ['queryIsbn])
And then my actual attempt at integrating it with Snap. As you can see, I am having trouble defining __ doQuery__ function, that should return a string isbn:
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
module Application where
import Control.Monad.Trans.Class (lift)
import Data.Text.Encoding (decodeUtf8)
import Text.XmlHtml (Node(TextNode),Node (Element),
getAttribute, setAttribute, nodeText)
import Data.ByteString (ByteString)
import Data.Maybe
import Snap.Core
import Snap.Snaplet
import Snap.Snaplet.Heist (Heist, HasHeist(heistLens), heistInit,
addSplices, liftHeist, render)
import Snap.Util.FileServe
import Text.Templating.Heist (HeistT, Template, getParamNode)
import Data.Lens.Template
import Models
import Data.Acid.Advanced (query')
import Data.Acid (AcidState, openLocalState, closeAcidState, IsAcidic, query)
import Data.Text (pack)
import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO, MonadIO)
import Snap (snapletValue)
import Data.Lens.Common (getL, (^$), (^.), Lens)
import Control.Monad.Reader (ask, asks)
import Control.Applicative ((<$>))
import Data.Typeable (typeOf)
import Prelude hiding ((.), id)
import Control.Category ((.), id)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
type AppHandler = Handler App App
--------------
-- Acid
---------------
-- Used for holding data for the snapplet
data Acid st = Acid { _state :: AcidState st }
-- Initializer function for the snapplet
seedBook = Book "9213-23123-2311"
acidInit :: SnapletInit b (Acid Book)
acidInit = makeSnaplet "storage" "Snaplet providing storage functionality" Nothing initializer
--The 'm' is the type variable of the MonadSnaplet type class. 'b' is the base state, and 'v' is the state of the current "view" snaplet (or simply, current state).
initializer :: Initializer b v (Acid Book)
initializer = do
st <- liftIO (openLocalState seedBook)
--onUnload (closeAcidState st)
return $ Acid st
-----------------------
-- Snap Global State
--------------------
data App = App
{ _heist :: Snaplet (Heist App),
_acid :: Snaplet (Acid Book)
}
makeLens ''App
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
instance HasHeist App where
heistLens = subSnaplet heist
-----------------------------------------------
-- | Initialize app
-----------------------------------------------
appInit :: SnapletInit App App
appInit = makeSnaplet "app" "Website" Nothing $ do
h <- nestSnaplet "" heist $ heistInit "templates"
a <- nestSnaplet "isbn" acid (acidInit)
addRoutes routes --see below
addSplices [ ("menuEntry", liftHeist menuEntrySplice) ]
return $ App h a
------------------------------------------------
-- | The application's routes.
------------------------------------------------
routes :: [(ByteString, Handler App App ())]
routes = [ ("/books", handleBooks)
, ("/contact", render "contact")
, ("/isbn", liftIO doQuery >>= writeBS )
, ("", serveDirectory "static")
]
-- Is this Function signature possible? Or must it run inside Snap or other monad?
doQuery :: IO ByteString
doQuery = do -- ???????????
--somehow retrieve acid store from snaplet
--run queryIsbn on it
--return isbn string
return "BLAH"
handleBooks :: Handler App App ()
handleBooks = render "books"
Any help on what I am missing would be greatly appreciated. If something is not clear, please let me know and I'll update the question.
MathematicalOrchid is correct, the simplest answer to your problem is to use liftIO on the openLocalState call.
But from a broader view, what you're doing here has already been done for you by the snaplet-acid-state package, so I would recommend that you just use that. The repository also includes an example application demonstrating how to use it.
I have no idea about the packages you're using, but it looks like the problem is simply that openLocalState is an IO action, but your type signature requires it to be an Initializer action.
Fixing it might be as simple as stuffing a call to liftIO in there. I'm not really sure though... I don't know which module each of these types comes from.

Compile-time assertions with GHC Haskell?

Coming from C++, I'm used to be able to build simple forms of compile-time assertions, where I could emit warnings or errors during compilation if some simple conditions (e.g. over simple algebraic expressions) weren't met via use of template meta-programming and/or cpp(1)
For instance, if I wanted to make sure my program compiles only when Int has at least a certain minBound/maxBound range or alternatively, if a loss-free (as in reversible) conversion from Int64 to Int is possible with the current compilation target. Is this possible with some GHC Haskell extension? My first guess would have been to use TH. Are there other GHC facilities that could be exploited to this end?
Here's a generalized and slightly simplified version of Anthony's example:
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
module StaticAssert (staticAssert) where
import Control.Monad (unless)
import Language.Haskell.TH (report)
staticAssert cond mesg = do
unless cond $ report True $ "Compile time assertion failed: " ++ mesg
return [] -- No need to make a dummy declaration
Usage:
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
import StaticAssert
$(staticAssert False "Not enough waffles")
Using TH for this isn't too bad. Here is a module that defines the desired assertion as part of a vestigial declaration:
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
module CompileTimeWarning where
import Control.Monad (unless)
import Data.Int (Int64)
import Language.Haskell.TH
assertInt = let test = fromIntegral (maxBound::Int) == (maxBound::Int64)
in do unless test $ report True "Int is not safe!"
n <- newName "assertion"
e <- fmap NormalB [|()|]
return $ [FunD n [Clause [] e []]]
Using the assertion involves a top-level declaration that isn't used for anything other than the assertion:
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
import CompileTimeWarning
$(assertInt)

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