SVG: getting rid of shape outlines using feBlend multiply blending - svg

I have an SVG where I'm using filters to blend white shapes on top of black backgrounds using multiply blending. Since I'm using multiply, I would expect the white shape not to show up at all, but this is not the case. In this example I'm drawing a square in its own filter, then a smaller circle (also in its own filter):
http://jsfiddle.net/mugwhump/SwcjL/2/
However, there is a faint, pixel-wide white outline surrounding the circle. The color and opacity of this outline depends on the color and opacity used to draw the circle.
It disappears if I move the circle into the same filter group as the square, but unfortunately that's not an option.
Any idea how to get rid of that outline? This happens in basically all browsers/renderers.
Here's the code for the svg:
<svg contentScriptType="text/ecmascript" width="530"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" zoomAndPan="magnify"
contentStyleType="text/css" viewBox="0 0 530 530" height="530"
preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
version="1.1">
<defs id="defs">
<!--Blend using multiply. -->
<filter color-interpolation-filters="sRGB" x="-1.0" y="-1.0" width="3.0"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple"
xlink:actuate="onLoad" height="3.0"
xlink:show="other" id="blend-square-multiply">
<feFlood result="blackness" flood-color="black"/>
<feComposite result="blackness clip" in="blackness" in2="SourceGraphic" operator="in"/>
<feColorMatrix in="SourceGraphic" values="1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0" type="matrix" result="color-trans"/>
<feBlend mode="multiply" in="blackness clip" in2="color-trans"/>
</filter>
</defs>
<!-- White square blended with multiply over black feFlood -->
<g filter="url(#blend-square-multiply)">
<g fill="white" >
<rect x="200" width="100" y="200" height="100" />
</g>
</g>
<!-- White circle blended with multiply over black feFlood
Changing stroke width does nothing, but changing fill color changes
the color of the outline (changing stroke-color does not).
The outline disappears when opacity is set to 0. -->
<g filter="url(#blend-square-multiply)">
<g fill="white" opacity="1">
<circle stroke-width="0" cx="250" cy="250" r="50"/>
</g>
</g>

Remember that source graphics are rasterized before they're handed to the filter pipeline and hence shed their vectorish nature when they enter the threshold of filterdom.
You are getting that effect because the circle element has an edge of anti-aliasing aka semi-opaque pixels around its edges. When those are multiplied with black, you get grey.
Use shape-rendering="crispEdges" to avoid this. Or use an feMorphology erode filter to clip the edges of the antialiasing. Or use an feFuncA filter to dial those edges up to full opacity first. On second thought -- that first idea.
<circle shape-rendering="crispEdges" stroke-width="0" cx="250" cy="250" r="50"/>

I think the enable-background attribute may be the answer to your problem.
http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/filters.html#EnableBackgroundProperty

Related

Drawing a partial circle, with varying height, without gradients (for leaflet map markers)

I'm trying to generate an svg icon to use as Leaflet map markers. There's a circle which should be partially filled (vertically) based on a percentage variable between 0 and 1 (0 = no fill, 1 = full circle). I managed to accomplish what I need using a linear gradient, and that was working fine in Google Maps. Now I'm migrating to Leaflet, and apparently Leaflet doesn't support linear gradients in icons, as it doesn't render it properly. Or maybe it just doesn't support referencing elements with url().
This is what I have been using, using 0.4 as the fill percentage:
<svg width="25px" height="25px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1">
<linearGradient id="perc" x1="0.4" y1="1" x2="0.4" y2="0">
<stop stop-color="#80C000" offset="0.4"/>
<stop stop-color="#fff" />
</linearGradient>
<ellipse id="outsideCircle" fill="#80C000" cx="50" cy="50" rx="42.8" ry="42.8"/>
<ellipse id="middleCircle" fill="url(#perc)" cx="50" cy="50" rx="41.2" ry="41.2"/>
<ellipse id="insideCircle" stroke="#80C000" fill="#EFFADC" stroke-width="1.6" cx="50" cy="50" rx="32" ry="32"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" font-family="Verdana" font-size="320%" font-weight="bold" dominant-baseline="central" x="50" y="48" fill="#80C000">A</text>
</svg>
Which renders as (enlarged for clarity):
However, using the exact same code in Leaflet always renders the full green circle, and I'm not sure why. So I'm looking for another way to accomplish this, maybe using Arcs? It would be great if I could generate the icons based on the same percentage variable, but I'm also open to just using 11 static icons (0, 0.1, 0.2, ..., 0.9, 1) and selecting one to use based on the percentage, rounding it.
I've found this question with some promising results, but I've been unable to adapt it to my use case.
An alternative solution would be using a line path that you clip with the circle. Now you can use the stroke-dasharray attribute to set the stroke and the gap length of the path.
I'm using an input type range only to show how the result for different values.
let len = line.getTotalLength();
itr.addEventListener("input",()=>{
let dash = itr.value * len/100;
line.setAttribute("stroke-dasharray",`${dash},${100 - dash}`);
console.clear();console.log(itr.value)
})
<P><input type="range" value="25" id="itr"/></p>
<svg width="100" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1">
<text text-anchor="middle" font-family="Verdana" font-size="320%" font-weight="bold" dominant-baseline="central" x="50" y="48" fill="#80C000">A</text>
<clipPath id="clip">
<path id="circ" d="M92.8,50A42.8, 42.8 0 1 1 7.2,50A42.8,42.8 0 1 1 92.8,50 M82,50A32,32 0 1 0 18,50 A32,32 0 1 0 82,50" />
</clipPath>
<path id="line" stroke="#80C000" stroke-width="86" d="M50,92.8V7.2" clip-path="url(#clip)" stroke-dasharray="25 75" />
<use href="#circ" fill="none" stroke="#80C000" />
</svg>
Observation: I'm rewriting thecircle as a path with a hole in the middle like so:
<svg width="100" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1">
<path id="circ" d="M92.8,50A42.8, 42.8 0 1 1 7.2,50A42.8,42.8 0 1 1 92.8,50 M82,50A32,32 0 1 0 18,50 A32,32 0 1 0 82,50" />
</svg>
In order to draw a hole into the circle I'm drawing first the outer circle clockwise and nextnthe inner circle counterclockwise. I will use this shape for the clipPath but also for a <use> element to draw the green stroke of the circle.

Adding feDropShadow to a vertical line in SVG makes it disappear

I have the following SVG document:
<svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet" viewBox="0 0 21 484" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<filter id="dropShadow">
<feDropShadow dx="4" dy="0" stdDeviation="4"></feDropShadow>
</filter>
</defs>
<g id="Artboard" stroke-width="5" stroke="#FF0000" fill="#000000" stroke-linecap="round">
<path style="filter: url(#dropShadow)" d="M7.5,8.5 L7.5,471.5" id="path-1"></path>
</g>
</svg>
In Firefox, when I open the SVG document, it simply shows a very thin (not 5 wide) vertical line. In Chrome, it doesn't show anything (nor does it in codepen, here: https://codepen.io/jwir3/pen/BJBqEK ).
I'm not quite sure what I'm doing incorrectly here, but it has something to do with the filter, because, if I remove the filter: url(#dropShadow) from the path definition, the line shows up as expected.
You can't use objectBoundingBox units if your shape has no height or width.
Keyword objectBoundingBox should not be used when the geometry of the applicable element has no width or no height, such as the case of a horizontal or vertical line, even when the line has actual thickness when viewed due to having a non-zero stroke width since stroke width is ignored for bounding box calculations. When the geometry of the applicable element has no width or height and objectBoundingBox is specified, then the given effect (e.g., a gradient or a filter) will be ignored.
The default for filterUnits is objectBoundingBox units so you need to change that to userSpaceOnUse i.e.
<svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet" viewBox="0 0 21 484" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<title>Line Drop Shadow</title>
<description>A red line with 5px width thickness and round caps, having a drop-shadow. This highlights the regression documented in PURP-1017.</description>
<defs>
<filter id="dropShadow" filterUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<feDropShadow dx="4" dy="0" stdDeviation="4"></feDropShadow>
</filter>
</defs>
<g id="Artboard" stroke-width="5" stroke="#FF0000" fill="#000000" stroke-linecap="round">
<path style="filter: url(#dropShadow)" d="M7.5,8.5 L7.5,471.5" id="path-1"></path>
</g>
</svg>
When processing filters, different browsers process in different stroke.
Chrome considers stroke as a value with a zero pixel, so it does not include it in the filter region.
Therefore, to make the result look the same in different browsers, it is better to replace path with stroke-width ="5", a rectangle with a width of 5px withoutstroke (stroke="none")
In addition, the default values for the filter area are: x =" - 10% "" y = "- 10%" `` width = "120%" `` height = "120%"- large blur sizes are usually truncated .
By default, filterUnits = "objectBoundingBox" and therefore the values are specified in percentages.
To make it easier to calculate the size of the filter region action, specify the value offilterUnits = "userSpaceOnUse" and then you can specify all dimensions for thefilter region` in pixels.
<svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 21 484" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" >
<defs>
<filter id="dropShadow" filterUnits = "userSpaceOnUse" x="4" y="0" width="12" height="472">
<feDropShadow dx="6" dy="4" stdDeviation="3"></feDropShadow>
</filter>
</defs>
<g id="Artboard" fill="#FF0000" filter="url(#dropShadow)" >
<!-- <path style="filter: url(#dropShadow)" d="M7.5,8.5 L7.5,471.5" id="path-1" stroke-width="5" ></path>-->
<rect x="5" y="5" width="5" stroke="none" height="463" />
</g>
</svg>
Swapping to userSpaceOnUse is the correct answer in most circumstances but has the following limitations:
The filter effects region will apply from -10% to 120% of the canvas, rather than the bounding box of the element (using more memory and processing time)
For large dynamic SVGs (such as created by d3) it can be hard to calculate the required filter x/y/width/height to ensure the filter applies to all elements.
An alternate (less elegant) solution is to apply the filter to a <g> and use a hidden node within this to give the group the correct width or height:
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<filter id="dropShadow" width="20">
<feDropShadow dx="4" dy="0" stdDeviation="4"></feDropShadow>
</filter>
</defs>
<g id="Artboard" style="filter: url(#dropShadow)">
<circle r="5" cx="0" cy="0" visibility="hidden"></circle>
<path d="M10,10 L10,100" stroke-width="5" stroke="#FF0000" fill="#000000" stroke-linecap="round"></path>
</g>
</svg>

Improve SVG so pin is centered inside circle, without multiple viewboxes

I have a pin that needs to be shown inside a circle in Svg.
My current code is the following:
<svg viewBox="0 0 20 20" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet">
<circle cx="50%" cy="1.5" r="1.5" style="fill: green;"></circle>
<svg x="47.5%" y="5%" viewBox="0 0 10000 10000" fill="#fff" preserveAspectRatio="none">
<g>
<path d="M250,124.3c-35,0-63.4,28.8-63.4,64.1c0,35.3,28.5,64,63.4,64s63.4-28.8,63.4-64.1C313.4,153,285,124.3,250,124.3z
M250,222c-18.3,0-33.2-15.1-33.2-33.7s14.9-33.7,33.2-33.7s33.2,15.1,33.2,33.7S268.3,222,250,222z">
</path>
<path d="M250,50.9c-74.9,0-135.8,61.6-135.8,137.4c0,31.3,22.5,84.4,66.9,157.7c32.9,54.4,66.2,100.3,66.6,100.7l2.4,3.3l2.4-3.3
c0.3-0.5,33.7-46.3,66.6-100.7c44.4-73.3,66.9-126.4,66.9-157.7C385.8,112.5,324.9,50.9,250,50.9z M250,397.6
c-16.5-24.3-45.5-68.4-69.9-114c-23.5-44-35.9-77-35.9-95.4c0-59,47.4-107,105.8-107s105.8,48,105.8,107
c0,18.4-12.4,51.4-35.9,95.4C295.4,329.3,266.5,373.4,250,397.6z">
</path>
</g>
</svg>
</svg>
which works somewhat but seems inelegant, and perhaps also buggy. What I would like is a better way to center the group 'inside' the circle without using JavaScript
It would be nice if I could get rid of the extra SVG element in the middle with its really big viewBox that I'm using to place the pin. So if you can show me how to do it with just a g and make a scaling function that would be good.
If you want to use coordinates that contain percentage values, you need an element that has x and y attributes. <use> is such an element, <g> is not.
Your live will be easier if you draw your pin centered on the origin of the coordinate system: translate(-250 -230).
After that, you can easily scale it to the size you need: scale(0.0025) (remember: multiple transform commands are processed right-to-left.)
Finally, you use the pin template with the same x and y coordinates as your circle.
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
viewBox="0 0 20 20" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet">
<defs>
<!--center the pin around the origin and scale it to final size-->
<g id="pin" transform="scale(0.0025) translate(-250 -230)">
<path d="M250,124.3c-35,0-63.4,28.8-63.4,64.1c0,35.3,28.5,64,63.4,64s63.4-28.8,63.4-64.1C313.4,153,285,124.3,250,124.3z
M250,222c-18.3,0-33.2-15.1-33.2-33.7s14.9-33.7,33.2-33.7s33.2,15.1,33.2,33.7S268.3,222,250,222z" />
<path d="M250,50.9c-74.9,0-135.8,61.6-135.8,137.4c0,31.3,22.5,84.4,66.9,157.7c32.9,54.4,66.2,100.3,66.6,100.7l2.4,3.3l2.4-3.3
c0.3-0.5,33.7-46.3,66.6-100.7c44.4-73.3,66.9-126.4,66.9-157.7C385.8,112.5,324.9,50.9,250,50.9z M250,397.6
c-16.5-24.3-45.5-68.4-69.9-114c-23.5-44-35.9-77-35.9-95.4c0-59,47.4-107,105.8-107s105.8,48,105.8,107
c0,18.4-12.4,51.4-35.9,95.4C295.4,329.3,266.5,373.4,250,397.6z" />
</g>
</defs>
<!--use the same coordinates for the center of the circle and the pin-->
<circle cx="50%" cy="1.5" r="1.5" fill="green" />
<use xlink:href="#pin" x="50%" y="1.5" fill="white" />
</svg>

Can the opacity / translucence of an SVG group be adjusted together?

I have an SVG "g" object that has several components. I'd like to render the whole thing partly transparent (e.g. alpha = 0.5) I'd also like to to be darker if possible. I know individual fill colors can be adjusted, but how about all of them together, possibly in some parameters to the "g" (grouping) structure.
Changing the opacity of the <g> (either by the opacity="..." attribute, or the opacity CSS rule) will cause the contents of the group to first be composited and then the result to be lowered in opacity. Note that this is distinctly different from lowering the opacity on all the elements inside the group (which you can also do via CSS):
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/HZr7v/12/
Uses this SVG:
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="400" height="400">
<defs><filter id="Darker">
<feColorMatrix type="matrix" values="
0.3 0 0 0 0
0 0.3 0 0 0
0 0 0.3 0 0
0 0 0 0.8 0"/>
</filter></defs>
<g id="g1" transform="translate(60,60)"> <!-- top left -->
<circle r="40" /><rect width="80" height="60" />
</g>
<g id="g2" transform="translate(220,60)"><!-- top right -->
<circle r="40" /><rect width="80" height="60" />
</g>
<g id="g3" transform="translate(60,200)"><!-- bottom left -->
<circle r="40" /><rect width="80" height="60" />
</g>
<g id="g4" transform="translate(220,200)"><!-- bottom right -->
<circle r="40" /><rect width="80" height="60" />
</g>
</svg>
…with this CSS:
circle { fill:red }
rect { fill:blue }
#g2 * { opacity:0.5 } /* Change the opacity of each shape */
#g3 { opacity:0.5 } /* Change the opacity of the group */
#g4 { filter:url(#Darker) } /* Darkens and drops opacity for group */
Note in particular the difference in appearance where the circle and square overlap.
The feColorMatrix filter looks daunting. All it does is set the RGB values to each be 30% of the original RGB (i.e. darker), and the alpha to be 80% of the original alpha. Change the values as you see fit.
Oh, and if you want to desaturate also you can throw this into the filter (before or after the darken step):
<feColorMatrix type="saturate" values="0.5"/>
<!-- values="0" will drop all color, leaving grayscale only -->
<!-- values="1" will leave the current saturation color -->
<!-- values="99" will super-saturate the colors -->
You could set opacity on the <g> itself and that would work. If you want it darker you'll need to apply a filter to the <g> something along these lines perhaps
<filter id="Darker" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox" x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%">
<feFlood in="SourceGraphic" flood-color="#0f0" flood-opacity="0.5" result="img2"/>
<feBlend in="SourceGraphic" in2="img2" mode="darken"/>
</filter>

Fill SVG shape with another SVG shape

Is it possible to use one SVG shape as the fill of another shape?
You want to use an SVG Pattern. See this example:
<svg viewBox="0 0 800 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<pattern id="TrianglePattern" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse"
x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100"
viewBox="0 0 10 10" >
<path d="M0,0 L7,0 L3.5,7 z" fill="red" stroke="blue" />
</pattern>
</defs>
<!-- The ellipse is filled using a triangle pattern paint server
and stroked with black -->
<ellipse fill="url(#TrianglePattern)" stroke="black" stroke-width="5"
cx="400" cy="200" rx="350" ry="150" />
</svg>
Note that:
The viewBox of the <pattern> will clip what is drawn. (As seen in the example, the top stroke and top-left corner each triangle is slightly hidden.)
When the viewBox is a different size from the width and height you are effectively scaling the size of the graphic(s) in your pattern. (The example scales the 7-unit-wide triangle in the pattern up by a factor of 10, such that only 7 of them—plus padding—are visible across the width of a 700-unit-wide ellipse.)

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