What commands could I use to rename a few hundred files that are currently named
file.2003-01-02.txt
file.2003-01-04.txt
... and so on? I would like them to be named:
file_y2003m01d02.txt
file_y2003m01d04.txt
... etc.
In other words, file.2007-12-09.txt would become file_y2007m12d09. Is there a simple set of commands to do this?
Similarly I have another problem, where files are named file_y2003m02d01_grid.txt. I would like to know how to remove _grid from each filename, so that it matches the format I proposed above.
You can use the rename command:
rename 's/^file\.([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2})\.txt$/file_y$1m$2d$3.txt/' *
This uses Perl regular expression substitution to transform filenames. The command above says:
Find files starting ^ with file. (the . has to be escaped, otherwise it matches any character), followed by the captured () group [0-9]{4} (a digit, 4 times), then -, then another captured group of a digit twice, etc., and ending $ with .txt;
Then, rename those files to file_y followed by the first captured group $1, followed by m, followed by the second captured group $2, etc., and ending with .txt.
You should also be able to work out how to use the same command to solve your second problem, with what you no know about how rename works.
You can also use sed:
for example:
ls | while read f; do echo "mv $f $(echo $f | sed 's/\./_y/;s/-/m/;s/-/d/')"; done
This will show you the commands that bash will run. To actually do the move, remove the echo and quotes:
ls | while read f; do mv $f $(echo $f | sed 's/\./_y/;s/-/m/;s/-/d/'); done
Related
I'm using for loop, with arguments i. Each argument contains ".net" at the end and in directory they are in one line, divided by some space. Now I need to get rid of these ".net" using substitution of sed, but it's not working. I went through different options, the most recent one is
sed 's/\.(net)//g' $i;
which is obviously not correct, but I just can't find anything online about this.
To make it clear, lets say I have a directory with 5 files with names
file1.net
file2.net
file3.net
file4.net
file5.net
I would like my output to be
file1
file2
file3
file
file5
...Could somebody give me some advice?
You can use
for f in *.net; do mv "$f" "${f%.*}"; done
Details:
for f in *.net; - iterates over files with net extension
mv "$f" "${f%.*}" - renames the files with the file without net extension (${f%.*} removes all text - as few as possible - from the end of f till the first ., see Parameter expansion).
This is a work for perl's rename :
rename -n 's/\.net//' *.net
The -n is for test purpose. Remove it if the output looks good for you
This way:
sed -i.backup 's/\.net$//g' "$1";
It will create a backup for safeness
Given an example that my file name is
A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ_11111111_1111111111_111111_AB.dat.meta
i am trying to rename this with unix command but when i tried using this cmd
for f in *.meta; do mv "$f" "$(echo $f|sed s/[0-9]/?/g|sed 's/-/*/g')" ; done
my file is renamed to
A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ_????????_????????????????????_???????_AB.dat.meta
it is expected to rename the file to
A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ__????????_????????????????????_*_AB.dat.meta
Im quite new with unix cmd , any approach that i should try ?
Since [0-9] and ? are undergoing filename expansion, you should quote them to avoid nasty error messages. With this in mind, I did a
echo A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ_11111111_1111111111_111111_AB.dat.meta | sed 's/[0-9]/?/g'|sed 's/-/*/g'
and got as output A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ????????????????????????AB.dat.meta, which makes sense to me. Why would you expect an asterisk in the resulting filename? In your second sed command, you are turning the hyphens into asterisks, but there is no hyphen in the input.
Of course it is pretty unsane to use question marks and asterisks in a file name, as this is just begging for trouble, but there is no law that you must not do this.
A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ_11111111_1111111111_111111_AB.dat.meta
Match it with a regex. Remember which characters need to be escaped in sed. Remember about proper quoting - if you write $ it should be inside ". Note that if there are no files named *.meta it will just iterate over a string *.meta unless nullglob is set.
$ touch A_BC_DEF_GH_IJ_LMNO_PQ_11111111_1111111111_111111_AB.dat.meta
$ for f in *.meta; do mv "$f" "$(echo "$f" | sed 's/[0-9]/?/g; s/_\(?*\)_\(?*\)_\(?*\)_\([^_]*\)$/__\1_\2_*_\4/')" ; done
This question already has answers here:
Rename multiple files based on pattern in Unix
(24 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
Write a simple script that will automatically rename a number of files. As an example we want the file *001.jpg renamed to user defined string + 001.jpg (ex: MyVacation20110725_001.jpg) The usage for this script is to get the digital camera photos to have file names that make some sense.
I need to write a shell script for this. Can someone suggest how to begin?
An example to help you get off the ground.
for f in *.jpg; do mv "$f" "$(echo "$f" | sed s/IMG/VACATION/)"; done
In this example, I am assuming that all your image files contain the string IMG and you want to replace IMG with VACATION.
The shell automatically evaluates *.jpg to all the matching files.
The second argument of mv (the new name of the file) is the output of the sed command that replaces IMG with VACATION.
If your filenames include whitespace pay careful attention to the "$f" notation. You need the double-quotes to preserve the whitespace.
You can use rename utility to rename multiple files by a pattern. For example following command will prepend string MyVacation2011_ to all the files with jpg extension.
rename 's/^/MyVacation2011_/g' *.jpg
or
rename <pattern> <replacement> <file-list>
this example, I am assuming that all your image files begin with "IMG" and you want to replace "IMG" with "VACATION"
solution : first identified all jpg files and then replace keyword
find . -name '*jpg' -exec bash -c 'echo mv $0 ${0/IMG/VACATION}' {} \;
for file in *.jpg ; do mv $file ${file//IMG/myVacation} ; done
Again assuming that all your image files have the string "IMG" and you want to replace "IMG" with "myVacation".
With bash you can directly convert the string with parameter expansion.
Example: if the file is IMG_327.jpg, the mv command will be executed as if you do mv IMG_327.jpg myVacation_327.jpg. And this will be done for each file found in the directory matching *.jpg.
IMG_001.jpg -> myVacation_001.jpg
IMG_002.jpg -> myVacation_002.jpg
IMG_1023.jpg -> myVacation_1023.jpg
etcetera...
find . -type f |
sed -n "s/\(.*\)factory\.py$/& \1service\.py/p" |
xargs -p -n 2 mv
eg will rename all files in the cwd with names ending in "factory.py" to be replaced with names ending in "service.py"
explanation:
In the sed cmd, the -n flag will suppress normal behavior of echoing input to output after the s/// command is applied, and the p option on s/// will force writing to output if a substitution is made. Since a sub will only be made on match, sed will only have output for files ending in "factory.py"
In the s/// replacement string, we use "& " to interpolate the entire matching string, followed by a space character, into the replacement. Because of this, it's vital that our RE matches the entire filename. after the space char, we use "\1service.py" to interpolate the string we gulped before "factory.py", followed by "service.py", replacing it. So for more complex transformations youll have to change the args to s/// (with an re still matching the entire filename)
Example output:
foo_factory.py foo_service.py
bar_factory.py bar_service.py
We use xargs with -n 2 to consume the output of sed 2 delimited strings at a time, passing these to mv (i also put the -p option in there so you can feel safe when running this). voila.
NOTE: If you are facing more complicated file and folder scenarios, this post explains find (and some alternatives) in greater detail.
Another option is:
for i in *001.jpg
do
echo "mv $i yourstring${i#*001.jpg}"
done
remove echo after you have it right.
Parameter substitution with # will keep only the last part, so you can change its name.
Can't comment on Susam Pal's answer but if you're dealing with spaces, I'd surround with quotes:
for f in *.jpg; do mv "$f" "`echo $f | sed s/\ /\-/g`"; done;
You can try this:
for file in *.jpg;
do
mv $file $somestring_${file:((-7))}
done
You can see "parameter expansion" in man bash to understand the above better.
I want to rename the files in a directory which are named with this pattern:
string1-number.html
for example:
English-5.html
what I want to do is to rename the files like this:
string2-number.string3
for example:
Dictionary-5.en
How can I do this?
I used this script, but nothing happened:
echo "English-5.html" | sed 's%\({English}\).\(\.*\)\(html\)%dictionary\2\en%'
I would suggest using the mmv tool: http://linux.dsplabs.com.au/mmv-copy-append-link-move-multiple-files-under-linux-shell-bash-by-wildcard-patterns-p5/
With that you can do:
mmv *-*.html Dictionary-#2.en
echo "English-5.html" | sed 's%English\(-[0-9][0-9]*.\)html%dictionary\1en%'
Explanation:
I'm looking for English
followed by a dash, one or more numbers, and a dot -[0-9][0-9]*. (I surround this part with escaped parenthesis to make it a group (group 1)).
followed by html
In the replacement text, I use \1 to output the contents of group 1, as well as the changed text.
You have 2 errors: The {...} is not required, and you confused \. and .
\. matches a literal dot, while . matches a single character.
echo "English-5.html" |
sed 's%\(English\)\(.*\)\.\(html\)%dictionary\2.en%'
This answer shows some minor optimizations for sed commands already posted and shows how to actually rename the files (in the current folder):
for f in *; do mv "$f" $(echo "$f" |\
sed 's/^English-\([0-9]\+\)\.html$/dictionary-\1\.en/'); done
I'm using cygwin on Windows 7. I want to loop through a folder consisting of about 10,000 files and perform a signal processing tool's operation on each file. The problem is that the files names have some excess characters that are not compatible with the operation. Hence, I need to extract just a certain part of the file names.
For example if the file name is abc123456_justlike.txt.rna I need to use abc123456_justlike.txt. How should I write a loop to go through each file and perform the operation on the shortened file names?
I tried the cut - b1-10 command but that doesn't let my tool perform the necessary operation. I'd appreciate help with this problem
Try some shell scripting, using the ${NAME%TAIL} parameter substitution: the contents of variable NAME are expanded, but any suffix material which matches the TAIL glob pattern is chopped off.
$ NAME=abc12345.txt.rna
$ echo ${NAME%.rna} #
# process all files in the directory, taking off their .rna suffix
$ for x in *; do signal_processing_tool ${x%.rna} ; done
If there are variations among the file names, you can classify them with a case:
for x in * ; do
case $x in
*.rna )
# do something with .rna files
;;
*.txt )
# do something else with .txt files
;;
* )
# default catch-all-else case
;;
esac
done
Try sed:
echo a.b.c | sed 's/\.[^.]*$//'
The s command in sed performs a search-and-replace operation, in this case it replaces the regular expression \.[^.]*$ (meaning: a dot, followed by any number of non-dots, at the end of the string) with the empty string.
If you are not yet familiar with regular expressions, this is a good point to learn them. I find manipulating string using regular expressions much more straightforward than using tools like cut (or their equivalents).
If you are trying to extract the list of filenames from a directory use the below command.
ls -ltr | awk -F " " '{print $9}' | cut -c1-10