I have a Linux server on which some LDAP server is running.
It is started/stopped using command: start-slapd / stop-slapd
Does it mean that the slapd is the LDAP Server that is running?
I also see OpenLDAP related files/installation on that server, but i am not sure if they are being used.
Is my understanding correct - slapd can function independent of OpenLDAP?
I need to setup similar LDAP Server on another machine with same LDAP data. Should i just install slapd, and import the data.
I am new to LDAP world, seeking advice.
'slapd' is the name of the OpenLDAP daemon. They aren't two different things.
On my new Linux Server i can see OpenLDAP files under /etc/openldap, but i cannot see slapd ('locate slapd' returns nothing). So how do i start openldap then? – Jasper
OK Jasper, try:
which slapd
... from your command-line. If the slapd binary is located at a valid path, it will show you the fully qualified path to said file.
This is different from 'locate', as 'locate' works using a file manifest that must be updated periodically in order to be accurate. Using 'which' will just search all "bin" or "sbin" locations and report the first one that is found.
Does it mean that the slapd is the LDAP Server that is running?
To see if slapd is running, from the command-line, try one of these commands:
ps -ef | grep [s]lapd
pidof slapd
The first command above will show you more information about slapd IF it is running. You'll see the process ID, the owning user of the process, the time, and the full set of arguments.
The second command just shows a process ID, which is nice and succinct.
I need to setup similar LDAP Server on another machine with same LDAP data. Should i just install slapd, and import the data.
It depends. Do these two servers ALWAYS need to be identical if a change is made? Or is one for Production use and one for Testing purposes?
If the data needs to be persistent across all servers at all times, then you need to configure what is called Replication. You would define your 1st server as a master, and any subsequent servers as 'shadows' (a.k.a slaves), and configure the shadows to receive updates from the master automatically. Replication is a fairly deep concept, so see the OpenLDAP Administrators Guide at http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/ for documentation on setting up, understanding and troubleshooting replication.
If the servers DO NOT need to be the same, then yes (as you said) just building a new server and importing data manually is perfectly fine.
I hope this helps...
Max
Related
Let's state a situation:
I have the possibility to run arbitrary commands on a server as an unprivileged user, through "unconventional means".
I do not have the possibility to login using ssh to that server, either as my unprivileged user or anything else. So I do not have currently a CLI allowing me to run any commands I would like in a "normal" way.
I can ping that server and nothing prevents me to connect to arbitrary ports.
I still would like to have a command line to allow me to run arbitrary command as i wish on that server.
Theoretically nothing would prevent me to launch any program as my unprivileged user, including one that would open a port, allow some remote user to connect to it and just forward any commands to bash, returning the result. I just don't know any good program to do that.
So, does any one know? I looked at ways to launch ssh_server as an unprivileged user but some users reported that recent versions of ssh_server do not allow that anymore. Actually I don't even need ssh specifically, any way to get a working CLI would do the trick. Even a crappy node.js program launching an http server would work, as long as I have a CLI (... and it's not excessively crappy, the goal is to have a clean CLI, not something that bugs every two characters).
In case you would ask why I would like to do that, it's not related to anything illegal ^^. I just have to work with a very crappy Jenkins server for which I'm not allowed to have direct access to its agents. Whoever is responsible for that server doesn't give a sh** about its users' needs so we have to use hacky solutions just to have some diagnostic data about that server (like ram, cpu and disk usage, installed programs, etc...). Having a CLI that I can launch some time instead of altering a build configuration and waiting 20 minutes to have an answer about what's going on would really help.
Thanks in advance for any answer.
So do you have shell access to the server at least once? E.g., during the single day of the month when you are physically present at the site of your client or the outsourcing contractor?
And if you have shell access then, can you or your sysmin install Cockpit?
It listens on port 9090.
You can then use the credentials of your local user and open a terminal window in your browser. See sidebar item "Terminal" on the screenshots of the cockpit homepage.
According to the documentation
Cockpit has no special privileges and doesn’t run as root. It creates a session as the logged in user and has the same permissions as that user.
I am having trouble adding an external process to my CouchDB database. Currently the database contains a few records, all of which have standalone attachments in the form of PNG or JPG. I want to add the Couch_Image_Resizer (by KlausTrainer) to the database so that I can use the queries offered by the Image Resizer to dynamically resize the images on request. However currently it only returns an error when the URL command is used:
http://virtualMachineAddress/_image/archive/test/the_starry_night_painting.jpg?resize=500x500
{"error":"error","reason":"{conn_failed,{error,econnrefused}}"}
I have followed the instructions to the letter, replacing any instance of localhost or 127.0.0.1 with the IP address of my virtual machine (which has been made elastic so should never change) where needed.
I have also altered the local.ini file as was instructed so that it includes the following:
[httpd_global_handlers]
_image = {couch_httpd_proxy, handle_proxy_req, <<"http://127.0.0.1:5985">>}
Finally I have ensured that the program is running via the ./start.sh command. If this is run more than once it returns the following, I am usure as to if it is relevant:
root#couchdb couchdb/couch_image_resizer# ./start.sh
Crash dump was written to: erl_crash.dump
Kernel pid terminated (application_controller) {application_start_failure,kernel,{shutdown,{kernel,start,[normal,[]]}}})
Crash dump was written to: erl_crash.dump
Kernel pid terminated (application_controller) {application_start_failure,kernel,{shutdown,{kernel,start,[normal,[]]}}})`
Some info that might be helpful
erl_crash.dump: pastebin
Server is a virtual AWS machine running Debian 7.9 Wheezy.
The database is hosted externally on this server.
CouchDB version: 1.2.0
The database is not in Admin Party mode, accounts with permissions are in use.
GitHub link: Couch_Image_Resizer
Erlang: erts-5.9.1 64-bit
ImageMagick: 6.8.9-9
I am clearly missing something here, if you need anything else just ask. If anyone can shed any light on what I am missing I would greatly appreciate it!
I have found a solution to this although there may be others.
Stop the service, set its permissions to be owned exclusively by the couchdb user and then adding the start.sh file path to the [osdaemon] section of CouchDB's local.ini before restarting the database and also launching the application as a root user. Doing this was able to kick-start the service and it now functions normally and as intended.
I would like to know if there is a way to get remote HW/SW information like hostname,manufacturer and model of a server/desktop which running any linux based OS without submitting authentication info. I already tried with SSH and dmidecode commands but they need to provide root password for that.
Edit I need to get above mentioned info without facing a security check (an authentication step) I tried to get the info via ssh ip_address dmidecode -t system but I have to face a authentication step when I use that method. I read in windows using wmi services I can do that. is there a similar implementation for Linux based systems.
I see several variants:
send this info from each computer (i. e. by cron)
publish info over http protocol
write script with SUID flag and take access to user with empty password (I dislike this way by security reasons)
I think there are more other variants
I am currently trying to setup a Linux service with IBM Tivoli Identity Manager (IBM Security Identity Manager) a.k.a. ITIM, to a Linux development server where I work and have had some issues. All our Linux servers use ssh to connect. Our eventual goal is to implement single sign on across our networks using Identity Manager.
In the ITIM web interface, I chose the option MANAGE SERVICES and was displayed a page like the following, where I click the CREATE button to create a new service:
Then I am next shown a page where I choose the kind of service I want to make, in this page I choose the POSIX LINUX option because I want to connect to a Linux Server.
Then on the next page, I am entering the information for my Linux server that I want to connect to, the domain name for the server is phongdev.fit.edu, a server for development work.
Note on this page there is a field titled TIVOLI DIRECTORY INTEGRATOR (TDI) where there is default information for the TDI installation, in my case, TDI is installed on the same server as ITIM is installed, so the localhost domain name should be fine. However when I check the server using netstat command there is nothing running on that port, 16231, so I looked up the instructions for starting the TDIDispatcher on google and was told to run the following command, /etc/init.d/ITIMAd restart at the command line and that appeared to run successfully, however still nothing running on port 16231 on the server.
Since our servers use SSH I was required by ITIM to setup key based authentication, I did setup a key and passphrase on this Linux server using ssh, and entered the data on the next screen of ITIM which looks like the following, but as you can see an error is generated when I choose the TEST CONNECTION button:
I checked the logs and there is no info in the logs for these errors, I am not sure where to move next in trying to solve this issue, i suspect it may be related to the fact that the TDI Dispatcher does not appear to be running on port 16231.
Apart from what Matt said (the link especially is useful), the var/ibm/tivoli/common/TDI logs should tell you what the problem with TDI is when you start it up - if there's a problem.
The port number where it's listening ought to be mentioned somewhere in those logs.
Unless there was an upgrade or multiple attempts to configure the RMI dispatcher I don't see why the port shouldn't be 16231 or 1099.
TDI is probably running on a different port. You didn't specify if TDI is running on Windows or Linux, so my answer is assumes Linux since that is what I am most familiar with.
You can find your port # by looking in the solution.properties file in your TDI/timsol directory. It should be listed as api.remote.naming.port.
TDI runs on the default port 1099. Once you start TDI (service ITIMAd start, or however you start it on your system) use ps auxw | grep -i rmi (or something similar) to find the process. Then use netstat -anp | grep PID where PID is the process ID of the TDI RMI process. You should see immediately what port it is listening on. I am not where I have access to a TDI server right now to get you exact commands, but you should get the idea.
Here is a good article for ISIM 6 (should be the same for ITIM 5.1 on TDI 7) on changing the port # for the RMI:
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/tivihelp/v2r1/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.itim_pim.doc%2Fdispatcher%2Finstall_config%2Ft_changeportnum.htm
If you are experiencing error CTGIMT600E and you have multiple network interfaces on TDI 6 or lower, you may need to specify your server IP (or hostname) as a java property so the TDI RMI binds on the correct interface. Edit <tdi_home>/ibmdisrv and insert -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=<yourhost>. For more infomration refer to this article:
http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21381101
If you are still having issues, watch your ITIM msg.log and trace.log when you test the connection and look for clues. Also look at the TDI ibmdi.log which will be located under your TDI directory. That may also help you out.
I want to build a web based admin tools that allow the system admin to run pre-configured commands and scripts through a web page (simple and limited webmin), what is the best approach?
I already started with Ubuntu installing LAMP and give the user www-data root's privileges !!!
as I learned (please check the link) this is a really bad move !!!, so how to build such web-based system without the security risk?
cheers
I did something like this a couple of years ago. It was (I like think) fairly secure and only accessible to a limited number of pre-vetted, authenticated users, but it still left me with an uneasy feeling! If you can avoid doing it, I'd recommend you do :)
I had a database sitting between the frontend web-tier and the script which was actually executing actions. The relevant table contained a symbolic command name and an optional numeric argument, which was sufficient for my needs. This allows you to audit what's been executed, provides a quick and dirty way to have a non-www user do things, and means if the website is compromised they're constrained by the DB structure (somewhat) and the script which pulls data from it.
The data from the DB can be read by a daemon running in a separate, unprivileged account. The daemon pulls and sanitises data from the DB and maps the 'command' to an actual executable (with a hard-coded map, so commandA executes A, commandB executes foo, and anything else would get flagged as an error). The account can be locked down using AppArmor (or SELinux, I imagine) to prevent it from executing, reading or writing anything you don't expect it to. Have a system in place to alert you of any errors from either the daemon or AppArmor/SELinux.
The executables which the daemon runs can be setuid'd if appropriate, or you can use the sudoers mechanism to allow the unprivileged account to execute them without a password.
I already started with Ubuntu installing LAMP and give the user www-data root's privileges
Don't do this.
If you really want to execute some very specific scripts under root privileged. Create such predefined very limited scripts, allow their password-less execution with sudo for specific user and then run them via script and don't forget authentication.
Generally this is bad idea.
SSH is your best friend.