I use the require.js - when i use the requiredjs, i am not get the underscore and backbone while i console without using shim's export modoule.
But jquery not asking this export shim dependent.. so, why we need to use the shim and it's export for the underscore and backbone?
here is my code:
requirejs.config({
baseUrl: 'js',
paths: {
"jquery":'lib/jquery-1.9.1.min',
"underscore":"lib/underscore-min",
"backbone" : "lib/backbone-min"
},
shim:{
"underscore":{
exports: '_'
//what is does here? without this i am getting undefined
},
"backbone":{
exports: 'Backbone'
//what is does here? without this i am getting undefined
}
}
});
require(["jquery","underscore","backbone"],function ($,_,Backbone) {
console.log($,_,Backbone);
//without shim export i am getting conosle like this:
// "function(), undefined, udefined" - why?
});
Backbone and underscore aren't AMD-compliant, they store themselves in global scope (i.e. in the window element in a browser environment). shim element allows exposing their global variables like if they were AMD modules, by "linking" the global variable (_ in case of underscore and Backbone in case of Backbone) with the "exports" part of the "virtual" module (I called it "virtual" because this happens on the fly, you don't have to change any code).
This:
"underscore":{
exports: '_'
}
means that adding dependency on "underscore" will grab a reference to window._ and expose it as an AMD module.
jQuery doesn't need it because it detects whether it's loaded as an AMD module and exposes itself in an AMD-compliant way in that case (scroll down to the very bottom of the original source code for more details)
Related
I'm not sure about the use of "exports" on shim config, following the example on the requireJS API, I can use Backbone (B in capital letter) to export it to a global scope.
This means that it will be a window object property.
But I realized that I'm forced to use that name, and I can't export it by other reference name, ie: "MyGlobalBackbone"
require.config({
paths: {
backboneAlias:'backbone'
},
shim : {
backboneAlias : {
deps : [ 'underscore', 'jquery-1.9.1' ],
exports : 'MyGlobalBackbone'
}
}
});
require(['backboneAlias'],function(backboneAsAliasDependency){
console.log(backboneAsAliasDependency);//Loaded Ok
console.log(MyGlobalBackbone); //Uncaught ReferenceError: MyGlobalBackbone is not defined
});
This code only works if I use "Backbone" instead of "MyGlobalBackbone"...
Actually you got it the other way around: shimming doesn't export a variable to global scope, it imports it FROM the global scope. The name ("Backbone") was set by Backbone's author, and this is the part you're explaining to RequireJS in shim config element.
See it in the API:
http://requirejs.org/docs/api.html#config-shim
Look at this sentence:
//Once loaded, use the global 'Backbone' as the
//module value.
Let's see it in that way, you will understand it:
//Once loaded, use a global variable 'Backbone' that defined by the backbone vendor as the
//module value.
You should use map to make an alias.
require.config({
paths: {
...
},
shim : {
...
},
map: {
'*': {
'MyGlobalBackbone': 'Backbone'
}
}
});
This will allow you to use MyGlobalBackbone instead of Backbone for all (*) modules.
I am working on my first project using requirejs. I have a router and a view and I would like to have access to my Router.navigate() method from the view when an item is clicked. I using CoffeeScript. how can I make router global?
router.coffee:
define [
'jquery'
'backbone'
'application/views/mainView'
'application/models/app'
],($,Backbone,MainView,App)->
class Router extends Backbone.Router
routes:
'organisation': 'organisationScreen'
'*actions': 'organisationScreen'
constructor:() ->
super #routes
initialize:()->
Backbone.history.start() #pushState: true
console.log " The Route Initialized"
organisationScreen:()->
$('.slides').fadeOut()
$('.confBlock').removeClass('onshow')
$('.organisationsBlock').addClass('onshow')
view.coffee
define [
'jquery'
'backbone'
'application/views/conferenceView'
],($,Backbone,ConferenceView)->
class OrganisationView extends Backbone.View
#el: '#appcontainer'
tagName : 'li'
className : 'organisation'
events:
'click .org-item' : 'choice'
template : _.template($('#Organisation-template').html())
initialize : ()->
...
render: ()->
...
choice:(ev)->
# Call Router.navigate()
All Router::navigate does is call Backbone.history.navigate so I would just use that. Here is the source
choice: (ev)->
Backbone.history.navigate(...);
Simply store your router along with other global variables you need in the Backbone object.
in your router init do the following:
Backbone.application = {};
Backbone.application.router = this;
then use it like this:
define(["backbone"], function (Backbone) {
Backbone.application.router.myaction();
});
I see three options for your problem:
Pass router in view constructor and use as local variable #options.router
Make circular dependency between two modules (check this answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/16314250/329226)
Trigger custom navigation event from view and listen to it from within the router
Suppose I have a module that starts like the following:
define(['jquery', 'actions', 'util', 'text!../templates/dialog.html!strip', 'text!../templates/requestRow.html!strip', 'text!../templates/respondForm.html!strip'], function($, actions, util, tDialog, tRequestRow, tRespondForm) {
This module contains most of the code for writing to my client UI. It also loads a couple other modules I've written as well as 3 HTML templates using the text.js plugin. I'm wondering if there's a more concise way of doing this? As the application grows, I may have additional templates to load, or modules and it just seems like my define statement could grow to be a bit ugly. Should I just add my template paths to require.config in my main.js like this:
require.config({
baseUrl: '/webrequests/resources/scripts/',
paths: {
'modernizr': '../js/vendor/modernizr-2.6.2-respond-1.1.0.min',
'bootstrap' : '../js/vendor/bootstrap.min',
'dialog' : 'text!../templates/dialog.html!strip',
'requestRow' : 'test!../templates/requestRow.html!strip',
'respondForm' : 'text!../templates/respondForm.html!strip'
}});
Is there perhaps some way to load all templates within a directory and just have 1 dependency to include in the define statement?
Thanks in advance.
You could make a module for loading in the templates you frequently use. So group the templates to be loaded in one module, that way you can just load this template module instead of the individual templates:
// generalTemplates.js
define([
'text!../templates/dialog.html!strip',
'text!../templates/requestRow.html!strip',
'text!../templates/respondForm.html!strip'
], function (tDialog, tRequestRow, tRespondForm) {
return {
dialog: tDialog,
requestRow: tRequestRow,
respondForm: tRespondForm
};
});
So that in your module, you can simply include the templates like any other module:
define([
'jquery',
'actions',
'util',
'generalTemplates'
], function($, actions, util, templates) {
var tDialog = templates.dialog,
tRequestRow = templates.requestRow,
tRespondForm = templates.respondForm;
/* You can do stuff with the templates here */
});
After another long research, sth comes out :-) It seems the problem is about the function "getObjectByName". It can not work well with requireJS(ADM). Currently, I have to setup a globel var to fix the problem. I am sure there must be have better solution.
Here is my temp soluton:
(1) setup a global var and setup the search model scope to the global ("APP")
var APP = {};
define(['backbone-relational'], function(){
Backbone.Relational.store.addModelScope(APP);
})
(2) export your relation model to the global
APP.YourRelationalModel = YourRelationModel;
It works, not good though... I'm really looking forward to a better answer. Thanks.
//------------
test versions:
1.Backbone-Relational 0.8.5
2.Backbone 1.0.0 and Underscore 1.4.4
3.JQuery 1.8.3
4.RequireJS 2.1.5
Code is very simple: (or see https://github.com/bighammer/test_relational_amd.git)
require.config({
paths : {
js : 'js',
jquery : 'js/jquery-1.8.3',
underscore : 'js/underscore',
backbone : 'js/backbone',
'backbone-relational' : 'js/backbone-relational'
},
shim : {
underscore : {
exports : '_'
},
backbone : {
deps : ['underscore', 'jquery'],
exports : 'Backbone'
},
'backbone-relational' : {
deps: ['backbone']
}
}
});
define(['backbone', 'backbone-relational'], function (Backbone) {
var Child = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend();
var Parent = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations : [
{
key : 'child',
type : Backbone.HasOne,
relatedModel : 'Child'
}
]
});
var test = new Parent();
});
save above code in main.js and included in index.html as follows:
It doesn't work. There is warning message:
Relation=child: missing model, key or relatedModel (function (){ return parent.apply(this, arguments); }, "child", undefined).
I read the source code of backbone-relational and know there is something wrong with the namespace. Relational-Backbone cannot find the relatedModel defined in "Parent" (i.e. cannot find releatedMode:"Child"). I failed to find the solution to fix this due to my limited knowledge of javascript :-)
Can anyone help me with this?
Before I asked my question, I studied the following solutions:
Backbone.RelationalModel using requireJs
Can't get Backbone-relational to work with AMD (RequireJS)
Loading Backbone.Relational using Use! plugin
None of them worked in this case.
You don't have to reference relatedModel by string, you can reference it directly, so instead of relatedModel: 'Child', just use: relatedModel: Child.
And since you are using requireJS, you can reference model from other file easily.
define(['backbone', 'models/child', 'backbone-relational'], function (Backbone, Child) {
var Parent = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations : [{
key : 'child',
type : Backbone.HasOne,
relatedModel : Child
}]
});
var test = new Parent();
});
The above solution didn't apply to me. I am gradually moving code out of Rails Asset Pipeline (not RequireJS/AMD/CommonJS/anything) into Webpack, starting with dependencies. When I moved requiring backbone-relational into Webpack bundle preparation by my models and relation definitions were still in Rails Asset Pipeline, I started getting a lot of unexplained Relation=child: missing model, key or relatedModel (function (){ return parent.apply(this, arguments); }, "child", undefined).
In my case, the solution ended up being quite simple, despite taking a long time to discover on my part:
// In a Webpack module, later included into Rails Asset Pipeline
// temporarily to facilitate migration
require('expose?Backbone!backbone') // Exposing just for migration
require('backbone-relational')
Backbone.Relational.store.addModelScope(window)
backbone-relational by default uses its global scope to resolve string-based relatedModels but since it was required without a real global scope, the solution is simply to pass that in using addModelScope so it can search that scope for the specified models.
I'm trying to define a global object that i can reference across all of my modules. however, in the modules, i am unable to reference my path, and it's saying that "g" does not exist.
In main1.js, i have this:
requirejs.config({
paths: {
Underscore: 'lib/underscore/1.3.3/underscore.min',
Backbone: 'lib/backbone/0.9.2/backbone.min',
Globals: 'lib/backbone/ globalVars'
}
});
require([ 'views/pages', 'views/filters'], function(allPages, filters) {
filters.render();
allPages.render();
});
inside globalVars.js, i have this:
(function() {
var Globals = {
isDemo: false
}
console.log('in globalvars') // this shows in my console
}).call(this);
and finally, inside of view/pages.js, i have this:
define([
'Globals',
'Underscore',
'Backbone'
], function(g, _, Backbone){
console.log(g.isDemo) //<-- returns "TypeError: g is undefined"
If i use a define inside my main1.js like this:
define( 'Globals', function() {
return {
isDemo: true
}
})
it works just fine. I haven't had much luck with trying to figure out why this is not working. I'd like to be able to just include a path to the globalVars rather than boilerplate pasting a define block in each and every module that needs it, since changing isDemo to false would require updating many other module pages (main2.js, main3.js, etc) as well. thanks!
Well, to start with, your globalVars.js is not in the module pattern, so requirejs doesn't know what you're trying to register as the module. If you change that file to use the pattern, like the define you added to main1.js, you should be all set. Is there a reason you aren't defining it as a module?