I'd like to search for string in files whose name contains another string and are created in last 7 days,
I tried:
find . -type f -name '*name_string*' -mtime -7 | grep -ir '*mytext*'
But it didn't work,
Please help
You were really close but just missed the xargs, otherwise the output from find is just a bunch of text for grep.
find . -type f -name '*name_string*' -mtime -7 | xargs grep -i 'mytext'
By using xargs you pass the list of files as the set of files that grep should be searching for the string mytext.
BTW, you can just use mytext instead of *mytext*
If you want to search for multiple patterns say pattern1 and pattern2 in the list of file names containing name_string:
find . -type f -name '*name_string*' -mtime -7 -print0 | while read -d $'\0' f; do
grep -qi pattern1 "$f" && grep -li pattern2 "$f"
done
This should work even with file names containing spaces.
No need for xargs or other non-standard extension to have good file name handling:
find . -type f -name '*name_string*' -mtime -7 -exec grep -i 'mytext' {} \;
Related
I'm trying to find all the files from a folder and then print them but sorted.
I have this so far
find . -type f -exec cat {} \;
and it print's all files but I need to sort them too but when I do
find . -type f -exec sort cat {};
I get the next error
sort:cannot read:cat:No such file or directory
and if I switch sort and cat like this
find . -type f -exec cat sort {} \;
I get the same error the it print's the file(I have only one file to print)
It's not clear to me if you want to display the contents of the files unchanged sorting the files by name, or if you want to sort the contents of each file. If the latter:
find . -type f -exec sort {} \;
If the former, use bsd find's -s option:
find -s . -type f -exec cat {} \;
If you don't have bsd find, use:
find . -type f -print0 | sort -z | xargs -0 cat
Composing commands using pipes is often the simplest solution.
find . -print0 -type f | sort | xargs -0 cat
Explanation: you can sort filenames after the fact using ... | sort, then pass the output (the list of files) to cat using xargs, i.e. ... | xargs cat.
As #arkaduisz points out, when using pipes, should carefully handle filenames containing whitespaces (thus using -print0 and -0).
I don't need to do this in one line, but I've only got 1 line so far.
find . -perm -111 +type f | sort -r
What I'm trying to do is write a bash script that will display the list of all files in the current directory that are executable (z to a). I want the script to do the same for all subdirectories. What I'm having difficulty doing is displaying the name of the subdirectory before the list of executable files in that directory / subdirectory.
So, to clarify, desirable output might look like this:
program1
program2
SubDir1
program3
SubDirSubDir2
program4
SubDir2
program5
What I have right now (the above code) does this. Its not removing /path and it isn't listing the name of the new directory when directories are changed.
./exfile
./test/exfile1
./test1/program2
./test1/program
./first
Hopefully that was clear.
This will work.
I changed the permission to -100 because maybe some programs are only executable by its owner.
for d in $(find . -type d); do
echo "in $d:"
find $d -maxdepth 1 -perm -100 -type f | sed 's#.*/##'
done
This will do the trick for you.
find . -type d | sort | xargs -n1 -I{} bash -c "find {} -type f -maxdepth 1 -executable | sort -r"
The first find command lists all directories and sub directories and sort them in ascending order.
The sorted directories/sub-directories are then passed to xargs which calls bash to find the files within the directory/sub-directory and sort them in descending order.
If you prefer to also print the directory, you may run it without -type f.
You can use find on all directories and combine it with -print (to print the directory name) and -exec (to execute a find for files in that directory):
find . -type d -print -exec bash -c 'find {} -type f -depth 1 -perm +0111 | sort -r' \;
Let's break this down. First, you have the directory search:
find . -type d -print
Then the command to execute for each directory:
find {} -type f -depth 1 -perm +0111 | sort -r
The -exec switch will expand the path wherever it sees {}. Because this uses a pipe operator that is shell syntax, the whole thing is wrapped in bash -c.
You can expand on this further. If you want to strip the directory name off the files and space our your results nicer, something like this might suffice:
find {} -type f -depth 1 -print0 -perm +0111 | xargs -n1 -0 basename | sort -r && echo
Hmm, the sorting requirement makes this tricky - the "for d in $(find...)" command is clever, but hard to control the sorting. How about this? Everything is z->a, including the directories, but the awk statement is a bit of a monster ;_)
find `pwd` -perm 111 -type f |
sort -r |
xargs -n1 -I{} sh -c "dirname {};basename {}" |
awk '/^\// {dir=$0 ; if (dir != lastdir) {print;lastdir=dir}} !/^\// {print}'
Produces
/home/imcgowan/t/t3
jjj
iii
hhh
/home/imcgowan/t/t2
ggg
fff
eee
/home/imcgowan/t/t1
ddd
ccc
bbb
/home/imcgowan/t
aaa
I have the following directory structure:
./A1
./A2
./A3
./B
./C
In each one of the A* directories I have:
./A*/logs
./A*/test
in the logs directory I have:
./log-jan-1
./log-jan-2
./log-feb-1
How do I grep for a string in all January logs in the A directories?
I tried this, but it did not find the string although it is present in the log files:
find . -type d -name 'A*' print | xargs -n1 -I PATH grep string - PATH/logs/log-jan*
What am I doing wrong?
Why don't you simply use
grep string ./A*/logs/log-jan*
?
If it is not a typo, you should use -print (or -print0) instead of print.
But as find + xargs + grep constructs are hard to debug, you should test in sequence :
find . -type d -name 'A*' -print
find . -type d -name 'A*' -print0 | xargs -0 -n1 -I PATH echo grep string - PATH
and finally :
find . -type d -name 'A*' -print0 | xargs -0 -n1 -I PATH grep string - PATH/logs/log-jan*
In you use case, -print and -print0 should give same results, but for having been burnt with -print, I always use -print0 before xargs
In a Linux terminal, how to delete all files from a folder except one or two?
For example.
I have 100 image files in a directory and one .txt file.
I want to delete all files except that .txt file.
From within the directory, list the files, filter out all not containing 'file-to-keep', and remove all files left on the list.
ls | grep -v 'file-to-keep' | xargs rm
To avoid issues with spaces in filenames (remember to never use spaces in filenames), use find and -0 option.
find 'path' -maxdepth 1 -not -name 'file-to-keep' -print0 | xargs -0 rm
Or mixing both, use grep option -z to manage the -print0 names from find
In general, using an inverted pattern search with grep should do the job. As you didn't define any pattern, I'd just give you a general code example:
ls -1 | grep -v 'name_of_file_to_keep.txt' | xargs rm -f
The ls -1 lists one file per line, so that grep can search line by line. grep -v is the inverted flag. So any pattern matched will NOT be deleted.
For multiple files, you may use egrep:
ls -1 | grep -E -v 'not_file1.txt|not_file2.txt' | xargs rm -f
Update after question was updated:
I assume you are willing to delete all files except files in the current folder that do not end with .txt. So this should work too:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -not -name "*.txt" -exec rm -f {} \;
find supports a -delete option so you do not need to -exec. You can also pass multiple sets of -not -name somefile -not -name otherfile
user#host$ ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt 4.txt 5.txt 6.txt 7.txt 8.txt josh.pdf keepme
user#host$ find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -not -name keepme -not -name 8.txt -delete
user#host$ ls
8.txt keepme
Use the not modifier to remove file(s) or pattern(s) you don't want to delete, you can modify the 1 passed to -maxdepth to specify how many sub directories deep you want to delete files from
find . -maxdepth 1 -not -name "*.txt" -exec rm -f {} \;
You can also do:
find -maxdepth 1 \! -name "*.txt" -exec rm -f {} \;
In bash, you can use:
$ shopt -s extglob # Enable extended pattern matching features
$ rm !(*.txt) # Delete all files except .txt files
I would like to find the files containing specific string under linux.
I tried something like but could not succeed:
find . -name *.txt | egrep mystring
Here you are sending the file names (output of the find command) as input to egrep; you actually want to run egrep on the contents of the files.
Here are a couple of alternatives:
find . -name "*.txt" -exec egrep mystring {} \;
or even better
find . -name "*.txt" -print0 | xargs -0 egrep mystring
Check the find command help to check what the single arguments do.
The first approach will spawn a new process for every file, while the second will pass more than one file as argument to egrep; the -print0 and -0 flags are needed to deal with potentially nasty file names (allowing to separate file names correctly even if a file name contains a space, for example).
try:
find . -name '*.txt' | xargs egrep mystring
There are two problems with your version:
Firstly, *.txt will first be expanded by the shell, giving you a listing of files in the current directory which end in .txt, so for instance, if you have the following:
[dsm#localhost:~]$ ls *.txt
test.txt
[dsm#localhost:~]$
your find command will turn into find . -name test.txt. Just try the following to illustrate:
[dsm#localhost:~]$ echo find . -name *.txt
find . -name test.txt
[dsm#localhost:~]$
Secondly, egrep does not take filenames from STDIN. To convert them to arguments you need to use xargs
find . -name *.txt | egrep mystring
That will not work as egrep will be searching for mystring within the output generated by find . -name *.txt which are just the path to *.txt files.
Instead, you can use xargs:
find . -name *.txt | xargs egrep mystring
You could use
find . -iname *.txt -exec egrep mystring \{\} \;
Here's an example that will return the file paths of a all *.log files that have a line that begins with ERROR:
find . -name "*.log" -exec egrep -l '^ERROR' {} \;
there's a recursive option from egrep you can use
egrep -R "pattern" *.log
If you only want the filenames:
find . -type f -name '*.txt' -exec egrep -l pattern {} \;
If you want filenames and matches:
find . -type f -name '*.txt' -exec egrep pattern {} /dev/null \;