I need to open 20 files in vim using a loop, here is a loop I created for:
for i in {1..20}
do
vim FILE$i &
done
After this, I'll expect that I have 20 jobs of vim run in the background. The actual result is that a random FILE from the loop ran in vim, and when I try to type something, the input does not display on the screen, and there is nothing I can do. Sometimes it can be canceled by Ctrl+C. So why it happens when I run my script, and how should I run 20 files in the background using vim?
Also when I try to run vim FILE1 & in a terminal, all looks good to me, even when I run over 20 processes
Vim, at least the way you're invoking it, is a terminal-based program. That is, it puts the terminal into a suitable mode and writes data to it, usually including certain escape sequences, to draw on the screen and move the cursor in a certain way.
The problem you've having is that you have one terminal and twenty instances of Vim. Your instances of Vim are all expecting to control and monopolize the terminal and they are all fighting each other in this endeavor. As you might expect, this does not produce a useful result, and as such, you are probably not going to be happy with the result. There is no way to avoid this, since this is generally how terminal-based programs operate and it will be true for all terminal-based editors.
If you want to edit twenty different files in Vim, pass them all at once as arguments on the command line, and Vim will open all of them in one terminal. That command should not be run in the background,.
If you want to run some Vimscript in a noninteractive way, put that into a file, say, script, and then run vim -es '+source script' FILE$i. The -e option puts Vim into ex mode where it runs only the commands you'd normally type starting with : (the commands for the ex editor) and this can be scripted in a noninteractive way with -s. These commands can be run in the background if you redirect their output appropriately.
If your goal was to do something else, you should open a new question asking how to do the thing you wanted to do. We can then give you advice on how best to accomplish your goal in a helpful way.
I have recently been trying out tmux on my server as a replacement for byobu (screen). When I started editing some code on vim, I found it very laggy when I held on to j and k to scroll up and down.
I thought it might be because there was something wrong with my connection but I tried editing the same file on vim without tmux and I found it much more responsive with almost no lag.
So, is there anything I can do to make vim on tmux not lag?
It sounds like you are using tmux over ssh. If so, you may want to give mosh a try. It is built on top of ssh but with many advantages over ssh. One of them is:
Get rid of network lag.
SSH waits for the server's reply before showing you your own typing. That can make for a lousy user interface. Mosh is different: it gives an instant response to typing, deleting, and line editing. It does this adaptively and works even in full-screen programs like emacs and vim. On a bad connection, outstanding predictions are underlined so you won't be misled.
It worked much better than over ssh in my experience.
I often work on a remote machine, and I have the same vim scrolling problem. When you use vim inside tmux and you have multiple panes open at the same time, tmux can't just redraw the part of the screen where vim is running, but it has to redraw a much bigger portion (potentially the entire screen). This increases the number of escape characters that tmux is sending through your connection.
In my case, enabling ssh compression reduced this kind of slowness quite a lot. You can give it a try with:
ssh -C user#host
or put Compression yes into your ~/.ssh/config to make it permanent.
Why should I use tmux when iterm2 has split panes?
I have never used tmux, and want to know if there are advantages to using that in my workflow instead of the split pane features iterm2 has.
I really like the dimming of inactive windows that iTerm2 split panes offers. Does tmux do something similar?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of each?
There is another advantage of tmux: what happens if you accidentally close iterm2? If you do it really by accident, you want to reopen everything again. With tmux it is normally as simple as reattaching session without losing anything. Most terminal emulators send SIGHUP to all children which terminates them by default and thus you lose unsaved data (at least, shell and vim command history and other data stored in viminfo) and running processes and thus reopening means rerunning everything.
iTerm2 can use tmux for it's split panes. Personally, I'm used to tmux by itself at this point, so I've not leveraged this ability extensively - but if you are used to iTerm2 split panes, you can get the benefits of tmux (mostly screen-like session saving) with the iTerm aesthetics.
https://gitlab.com/gnachman/iterm2/wikis/TmuxIntegration
My approach (not based on any particular insight) is to use iTerm tabs and panes to separate servers, and screen / tmux on the server to persist sessions.
I don't often have anything of importance running locally, but often do remotely.
Never used iterm2, however I have played with tmux a little and there are several articles about using tmux and vim together. These articles show how you can control a tmux session via the tslime plugin, and others, from Vim. What's nice about it is that you can run a command in Vim to compile your files, run unit tests, etc. without every leaving Vim, but you see the command run in the other tmux pane.
Apologies for not being a complete answer, but hopefully it helps point you in the right direction.
LINK: https://joshuadavey.com/2012/01/10/faster-tdd-feedback-with-tmux-tslime-vim-and-turbux/
I'm using Vim for editing source code, but I would also like to have a terminal embedded in vim's window (just like in Kate, you know).
Now I have seen the vimsh plugin that turns a vim buffer into an interactive terminal, but I don't like 2 things about it:
It opens automatically at startup. Can I disable it and invoke the terminal with a special command whenever I wish?
It splits the window in two and occupies the top window, but I would like it to occupy the bottom window. Can this be arranged?
PS: I'm not exactly a vim guru :)
Maybe this is what you want: Conque Shell - VIM Plugin
There's also an older patch that you can apply. It requires recompilation of the VIM source code though.
http://www.wana.at/vimshell/
Maybe I am not going to reply exactly to your question but I'll propose anyway a different approach on working with Vim and the terminal.
The first approach is to run shell commands directly from vim in command mode prepending them with a "!":
:!ls
will run the shell ls command and display you the output in a temporary window. This is useful if you just want to run a single or few commands.
If you want to mess around longer I suggest to suspend your vim session with Ctrl-z, work in the shell and issue fg as your last command to get back to vim.
Hope it helps you.
Another option you could try is using tmux/screen to split your terminal, so that you can then run vim in one pane and have your shell in another. I also liberally use ControlZ to drop into a shell from vim and then fg to get back to vim after finishing with the shell.
I am used to Emacs, but I am trying out Vim to see which one I like better.
One thing that I like about Emacs is the ability to run a terminal inside Emacs. Is this possible inside of Vim? I know that you can execute commands from Vim, but I would like to be able to run a terminal inside of a tab.
Outdated from August 2011
Check out Conque Shell (also on GitHub). Lets you run any interactive program inside vim, not just a shell.
I'm not sure exactly what you're trying to achieve (I've never used Emacs), but you can run commands in Vim by typing:
:! somecommand [ENTER]
And if you want to type in several commands, or play around in a shell for a while, you can always use:
:! bash (or your favourite shell) [ENTER]
Once the command or shell terminates, you'll be given the option to press Enter to return to your editor window
Vim is intentionally lightweight and lacking in the ability to do non-editorish type things, just as running a full-blown shell inside a Vim pane/tab, but as mentioned above there are third-party addons such as vim-shell that allow you to do that sort of thing.
Typically if I want to switch between Vim and my shell (Bash), I just hit CTRL+Z to pause the Vim process, play around in my shell, then type 'fg' when I want to go back to Vim - keeping my editor and my shell nice and separate.
Updated answer (11 years later...):
I would recommend using tmux instead of screen as suggested in the original answer below, if you choose to use that solution.
Vim 8.1 now has a built in terminal that can be opened with the :term command. This provides much more complete integration with the rest of the Vim features.
I would definitely recommend screen for something like this. Vim is a text editor, not a shell.
I would use Ctrl+AS to split the current window horizontally, or in Ubuntu's screen and other patched versions, you can use Ctrl+A|(pipe) to split vertically. Then use Ctrl+ATab (or equivalently on some systems, Ctrl+ACtrl+I which may be easier to type) to switch between the windows. There are other commands to change the size and arrangement of the windows.
Or a less advanced use of screen is just to open multiple full-screen windows and toggle between them. This is what I normally do, I only use the split screen feature occasionally.
The GNU Screen Survival Guide question has a number of good tips if you're unfamiliar with its use.
The way that I get around this is:
pause Vim with Ctrl + Z,
play in the terminal,
then return to exactly where you left with Vim by just typing the command fg.
If enabled in your version of Vim, a terminal can be started with the :term command.
Terminal window support was added to Vim 8. It is an optional feature that can be enabled when compiling Vim with the +terminal feature. If your version of Vim has terminal support, :echo has('terminal') will output "1".
Entering :term will place you in Terminal-Job mode, where you can use the terminal as expected.
Within Terminal-Job mode, pressing Ctrl-W N or Ctrl-\ Ctrl-N switches the mode to Terminal-Normal, which allows the cursor to be moved and commands to be ran similarly to Vim's Normal mode. To switch back to Terminal-Job mode, press i.
Other answers mention similar functionality in Neovim.
:sh then Ctrl+D to get back in (bash)
Update:
You could map Ctrl+D in vim to run :sh, which allows you to toggle between bash and vim quickly.
noremap <C-d> :sh<cr>
The main new feature of Vim 8.1 is support for running a terminal in a Vim window.
:term will open the terminal in another window inside Vim.
:term
Added in Vim 8.1.
Keep in mind that whenever a terminal window is active, most keystrokes will simply be passed to the terminal instead of having their usual functions. Ctrl-W and its subcommands are the main exception. To send a literal ^W input to the terminal, press Ctrl-W .. You can also open the Vim : command line by pressing Ctrl-W :. The other Ctrl-W commands work as normal, so managing windows works the same no matter what type of window is currently selected.
Eventually a native :terminal command was added to vim in 2017.
Here is an excerpt from the :terminal readme:
This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window. A
job can be started connected to the terminal emulator. For example, to
run a shell:
:term bash
Or to run build command:
:term make myprogram
The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to
show output from the job, also while editing in another window.
This question is rather old, but for those finding it, there's a new possible solution: Neovim contains a full-fledged, first-class terminal emulator, which does exactly what ConqueTerm tried to. Simply run :term <your command here>.
<C-\><C-n> will exit term mode back to normal-mode. If you're like me and prefer that escape still exit term mode, you can add this to your nvimrc:
tnoremap <ESC><ESC> <C-\><C-N>
And then hitting ESC twice will exit terminal mode back to normal-mode, so you can manipulate the buffer that the still-running command is writing to.
Though keep in mind, as nvim is under heavy development at the time I'm posting this answer, another way to exit terminal mode may be added. As Ctrl+\Ctrl+n switches to normal mode from almost any mode, I don't expect that this answer will become wrong, but be aware that if it doesn't work, this answer might be out of date.
https://github.com/neovim/neovim
I know that I'm not directly answering the question, but I think it's a
good approach. Nobody has mentioned tmux (or at least not as a
standalone answer). Tmux is a terminal multiplexor like screen. Most
stuff can be made in both multiplexors, but afaik tmux it's more easily
to configure. Also tmux right now is being more actively developed than
screen and there's quite a big ecosystem around it, like tools that help
the configuration, ecc.
Also for vim, there's another plugin: ViMUX, that helps a lot in
the interaction between both tools. You can call commands with:
:call VimuxRunCommand("ls")
That command creates a small horizontal split below the current pane vim
is in.
It can also let you run from a prompt in case you don't want to run the
whole command:
<Leader>vp :VimuxPromptCommand<CR>
As it weren't enought, there are at least 6 'platform specific plugins':
vim-vroom: runner for rspec, cucumber and test/unit; vimux support via g:vroom_use_vimux
vimux-ruby-test: a set of commands to easily run ruby tests
vimux-cucumber: run Cucumber Features through Vimux
vim-turbux: Turbo Ruby testing with tmux
vimux-pyutils: A set of functions for vimux that allow to run code blocks in ipython
vimux-nose-test: Run nose tests in vimux
Here is a nice "use case": Tests on demand using Vimux and Turbux with Spork and Guard
Someone already suggested https://github.com/Shougo/vimshell.vim, but they didn't mention why. Consequently, when I came away from this question I wasted a lot of other time trying the other (much higher ranked) options.
Shougo/vimshell is the answer. Here's why:
In addition to being a terminal emulator, VimShell allows you to navigate through terminal output in normal and visual mode. Thus, if a command you run results in output that you'd like to copy and paste using the keyboard only...VimShell covers this.
None of the other options mentioned, including the :terminal command in NeoVim do this. Neovim's :terminal comes close, but falls short in at least the following ways as of 2/18/2017:
Moves the cursor to the end of the buffer, instead of at the last keeping it in the same spot like VimShell does. Huge waste of time.
Doesn't support modifiable = 1 see a discussion on this at Github, so helpful plugins like vim-easymotion can't be used.
Doesn't support the display of line numbers like Vimshell does.
Don't waste time on the other options, including Neovim's :terminal. Go with VimShell.
It's possible to open a new tab with a terminal in vim since 2017 as #fjardon said:
Just type: :terminal. It will open a tab by default above your current tab.
If you want it to open in another place you can try the following options:
:below terminal : open the terminal below current tab.
:below vertical terminal : open the terminal always vertically to the right.
You can play with these until you find what you like. After this you can set a map in your .vimrc configuration file, for me, I use:
nmap <leader>tt :below vertical terminal<CR>
This way I can type <space>tt (space my leader key) to open it quickly.
As a side note:
You can switch between your tabs (terminal and other buffers) with Ctrl+W Ctrl+W.
You can enter an editable mode in your terminal if you want to copy your commands with Ctrl+W N and go to normal terminal mode with i or a.
Cheers!
You might want to take a look at the :sh command (see :help sh in Vim).
Various commands
No, you cannot:
http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/tips.html#shell-window
By far, I have tried a lot of solutions mentioned here, what I really wanted is to keep the terminal open while coding a similar experience in VsCode. Then I came across this solution which is working perfectly for me.
Before Installing:
I am using Nvim 0.5 but I think it can work for any version and checked also on vim
I am using macOS Catalina Version 10.15.7
Setup your integrated terminal
Step -1-
Create a script with the name myQuickTerminal.vim or whatever name you want.
Put the following script
"==============================================================================
"
" ▒█▀▀█ █░░█ ░▀░ █▀▀ █░█ ▀▀█▀▀ █▀▀ █▀▀█ █▀▄▀█ ░▀░ █▀▀▄ █▀▀█ █░░
" ▒█░▒█ █░░█ ▀█▀ █░░ █▀▄ ░▒█░░ █▀▀ █▄▄▀ █░▀░█ ▀█▀ █░░█ █▄▄█ █░░
" ░▀▀█▄ ░▀▀▀ ▀▀▀ ▀▀▀ ▀░▀ ░▒█░░ ▀▀▀ ▀░▀▀ ▀░░░▀ ▀▀▀ ▀░░▀ ▀░░▀ ▀▀▀
"
"==============================================================================
" " This is a script that will trigger a terminal quickly than the FloatTerminal
" open new split panes to right and below
"link: https://betterprogramming.pub/setting-up-neovim-for-web-development-in-2020-d800de3efacd
"==============================================================================
set splitright
set splitbelow
" turn terminal to normal mode with escape
tnoremap <Esc> <C-\><C-n>
" start terminal in insert mode
au BufEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal' | :startinsert | endif
" open terminal on ctrl+n
function! OpenTerminal()
split term://zsh
resize 10
endfunction
nnoremap <leader> n :call OpenTerminal()<CR>
NOTE: if you want to run bash instead of zsh for a particular reason then replace zsh with bash.
Step -2-
Lets source it, put this in init.vim for neovim or `.vimrc' for vim
source $HOME/.config/nvim/modules/mySpecialScripts/myQuickTerminal.vim
This will be preloaded ahead as you save and resource it, you can use source $MYVIMRC for quick reloading the init.vim file.
Step -3-
I mapped as you can see in the script n to open a terminal in a new pane, my is the (Space bar) and once I click (space + n) a terminal will be triggered and I will enjoy writing my code while the terminal is opened.
To quit insert mode in the terminal, press Esc.
Now, to switch to the code editor pane, use CTRL+w w. This shortcut can get annoying once you have more than two panels open, so I added the following shortcuts too.
I mapped these too for quick jumping among opened panes, use these
" Better window navigation
nnoremap <C-h> <C-w>h
nnoremap <C-j> <C-w>j
nnoremap <C-k> <C-w>k
nnoremap <C-l> <C-w>l
Optional
If you want your terminal to exit the current buffer with key. you can use
tnoremap <Esc> <C-\><C-n>:q!<CR>
But since I want to switch in between several buffers I use without close the terminal I use instead:
tnoremap <Leader><Esc> <C-\><C-n>:q!<CR>
Final results
Reference:
https://betterprogramming.pub/setting-up-neovim-for-web-development-in-2020-d800de3efacd
Only way I know of is by using vim-shell, a third-party patch.
I use this now, you may can try. VimShell
Split the screen and run command term ++curwin to run the terminal inside the Vim buffer. Following command does both and worked for me:
:bo 10sp | term ++curwin
If you are interested in quick answer, here is it: :vert term. It will split your screen vertically and open up terminal.
Try vterm, which is a pretty much full feature shell inside vim. It is slightly buggy with its history and clear functions, and still in development, but it still is pretty good
Assuming your version of vim supports +term command first, set shell for vim to use in one command (e.g. set=/usr/bin/zsh), and then run the command +term (i.e. bo 15vs +term). you may have to do some additional maneuvering of your windows (i.e. deleting one and rotating), but you'll have your terminal.
With vim 8.1.3741, just type :terminal to start a terminal inside of vim.
Try map :nnoremap ]t :terminal<CR> to do that quicker!
I acknowledge that I am not strictly answering your question, but what has worked better for me when using Vim and Terminals in the same window is Tmux (which is kind of a "run in the background software" like, similar to screen, although this one works better with splits and tabs).
This post will help you to understand how they work together: 'Tmux and Vim — even better together'.
This way we can convert Vim into a powerful IDE