One of the advantages of NodeJS is its async and non-blocking I/O, which in my case is great on the one hand, but breaks my neck every day on the other hand.
I consider myself a NodeJS / Async novice and I often end up having such code:
function(req, res) {
req.assert("name", "Lobbyname is required").notEmpty();
req.assert("name", "Lobbyname length should be between 4 and 64 characters").len(4, 64);
req.assert("game", "Game not found").isInt();
req.sanitize("game").toInt();
var userId = req.user.id;
var errors = req.validationErrors();
var pg_errors = [];
var games = null;
if (errors) {
console.log(errors);
client.query("SELECT * FROM games", function(err, result) {
if (!err) {
games = result.rows;
res.render("lobby/create", {
title: "Create a new lobby",
games: games,
errors: errors.toString()
});
}
else {
res.send("error");
}
});
}
else {
errors = null;
client.query("SELECT COUNT(*) as in_lobbies FROM users u RIGHT JOIN lobby_userlist ul ON ul.user_id = u.id WHERE u.id = $1", [userId], function(err, result) {
if (!err) {
console.log(result.rows[0]);
if (result.rows[0].in_lobbies < 1) {
client.query("SELECT COUNT(*) as hosting_lobbies FROM lobbies WHERE owner = $1", [userId], function(err, result) {
if (!err) {
if (result.rows[0].hosting_lobbies < 1) {
client.query("INSERT INTO lobbies(name, game, owner) VALUES($1, $2, $3)", [req.param("name"), req.param("game"), userId], function(err, result) {
if (!err) {
res.redirect("/lobby");
}
else {
pg_errors.push(err);
console.log(err);
}
});
}
else {
errors = "You can only host one lobby at a time";
}
}
else {
pg_errors.push(err);
client.query("SELECT * FROM games", function(err, result) {
if (!err) {
games = result.rows;
res.render("lobby/create", {
title: "Create a new lobby",
games: games,
errors: errors
});
}
else {
pg_errors.push(err);
}
});
}
});
}
else {
pg_errors.push(err);
}
}
});
console.log("pg_errors");
console.log(pg_errors);
console.log("pg_errors _end");
if (pg_errors.length < 1) {
console.log("no errors");
}
else {
console.log(pg_errors);
res.send("error service operation failed");
}
}
}
This an example I have written using the following npm packages:
pg (native)
express
express-validator (middleware of node-validator)
passport (auth middleware)
Checking whether the input given by the user is valid or not is the least problem, I have this checks where I assert the variables and give back a rendered version of the page printing out the errors to the user.
BUT if we pass the validation errors in the first place we assume the "lobby" is ready to be inserted into the database, before I want to ensure that the user has no other lobby open and is not member of another lobby.
Well now I end up putting one query into another and theoretically I would have to put my view render function (res.render()) into every query callback if the query encounters an error or returns a result which inidicates that the user is not allowed to create a lobby.
I don't want that and it doesn't seem very practicable.
I tried removing the render logic and every other logic from the query callbacks and instead let the query callbacks set error arrays or variables which would indicate a success or a failure and below my query code I would check if(errors) renderPageWithErrors.
This lead to strange errors due to the async behaviour of nodejs in which case res.redirect() was called after res.render() and stuff like that.
I had to move my res.render back into the query callbacks.
Is there a proper way of doing this?
You might want to look into an async library such as https://github.com/caolan/async. It helps structure async code so that it doesn't turn into a mess like this. There are different methods depending on your requirements from simple series and parallel execution to things like waterfall to auto which does dependency tracking.
async.auto({
get_data: function(callback){
// async code to get some data
},
make_folder: function(callback){
// async code to create a directory to store a file in
// this is run at the same time as getting the data
},
write_file: ['get_data', 'make_folder', function(callback){
// once there is some data and the directory exists,
// write the data to a file in the directory
callback(null, filename);
}],
email_link: ['write_file', function(callback, results){
// once the file is written let's email a link to it...
// results.write_file contains the filename returned by write_file.
}]
}, function(err) {
// everything is done or an error occurred
});
The other nice thing it does is consolidate all errors into a single callback. That way you only have to handle errors in one place instead of them sprinkled throughout your code.
You might want to check for https://github.com/0ctave/node-sync library as well. It's a syntax sugar for nodejs Fibers, a way to write asynchronous code in a traditional way without breaking nodejs event loop model. There are a lot of discussions about pros and cons of using Fibers, but I prefer code readability and ease of development over potential small resource usage increase.
I don't know all of your code logic, but function above can look something like this:
function(req, res) {
Sync(function() {
req.assert("name", "Lobbyname is required").notEmpty();
req.assert("name", "Lobbyname length should be between 4 and 64 characters").len(4, 64);
req.assert("game", "Game not found").isInt();
req.sanitize("game").toInt();
var userId = req.user.id;
var errors = req.validationErrors();
var pg_errors = [];
var games = null;
if (errors) {
console.log(errors);
var games = client.query.sync(client, "SELECT * FROM games").rows;
games = result;
res.render("lobby/create", {
title: "Create a new lobby",
games: games,
errors: errors.toString()
});
}
else {
errors = null;
var result = client.query.sync(client, "SELECT COUNT(*) as in_lobbies FROM users u RIGHT JOIN lobby_userlist ul ON ul.user_id = u.id WHERE u.id = $1", [userId]);
console.log(result.rows[0]);
if (result.rows[0].in_lobbies < 1) {
var result = client.query.sync(client, "SELECT COUNT(*) as hosting_lobbies FROM lobbies WHERE owner = $1", [userId]);
if (result.rows[0].hosting_lobbies < 1) {
var res = client.query.sync(clien, "INSERT INTO lobbies(name, game, owner) VALUES($1, $2, $3)", [req.param("name"), req.param("game"), userId]);
res.redirect("/lobby");
}
else {
errors = "You can only host one lobby at a time";
}
}
else {
var games = client.query.sync(client, "SELECT * FROM games").rows;
res.render("lobby/create", {
title: "Create a new lobby",
games: games,
errors: errors
});
};
}
}, function(err) {
if(err) {
// do your error handling here
}
});
}
Related
Hello I am new to Postgresql and I wanted to learn how one handles 0 results as an error is thrown. Essentially I want to get a user if it doesn't exist, return null if one doesn't, and have an error handler. Below is the current code I am using. Any tips on a better way to do this are appreciated!
var options = {
// Initialization Options
promiseLib: promise
};
var pgp = require('pg-promise')(options);
var connectionString = 'postgres://localhost:5432/myDbName';
var db = pgp(connectionString);
function getUser(id) {
let user = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
try {
db.one('select * from users where loginName = $1', id).then(function(data) {
console.log(data);
resolve(data);
}).catch (function (e) {
console.log('error: '+e);
reject(e);
});
}
catch (e) {
console.log('error: '+e);
reject(e);
}
});
return user;
}
output in console:
error: QueryResultError {
code: queryResultErrorCode.noData
message: "No data returned from the query."
received: 0
query: "select * from users where loginName = 'someUserName'"
}
I am the author of pg-promise.
In the realm of promises one uses .then to handle all normal situations and .catch to handle all error situations.
Translated into pg-promise, which adheres to that rule, you execute a database method that resolves with results that represent all the normal situations, so anything else ends up in .catch.
Case in point, if returning one or no rows is a normal situation for your query, you should be using method oneOrNone. It is only when returning no row is an invalid situation you would use method one.
As per the API, method oneOrNone resolves with the data row found, or with null when no row found, which you can check then:
db.oneOrNone('select * from users where loginName = $1', id)
.then(user=> {
if (user) {
// user found
} else {
// user not found
}
})
.catch(error=> {
// something went wrong;
});
If, however, you have a query for which returning no data does represent an error, the proper way of checking for returning no rows would be like this:
var QRE = pgp.errors.QueryResultError;
var qrec = pgp.errors.queryResultErrorCode;
db.one('select * from users where loginName = $1', id)
.then(user=> {
// normal situation;
})
.catch(error=> {
if (error instanceof QRE && error.code === qrec.noData) {
// found no row
} else {
// something else is wrong;
}
});
Similar considerations are made when choosing method many vs manyOrNone (method any is a shorter alias for manyOrNone).
Type QueryResultError has a very friendly console output, just like all other types in the library, to give you a good idea of how to handle the situation.
In your catch handler for the query, just test for that error. Looking at pg-promise source code, a code of noData is 0. So just do something like this:
db.one('select * from users where loginName = $1', id).then(function(data) {
console.log(data);
resolve(data);
}).catch (function (e) {
if(e.code === 0){
resolve(null);
}
console.log('error: '+e);
reject(e);
});
I would like to know if it's possible to run a series of SQL statements and have them all committed in a single transaction.
The scenario I am looking at is where an array has a series of values that I wish to insert into a table, not individually but as a unit.
I was looking at the following item which provides a framework for transactions in node using pg. The individual transactions appear to be nested within one another so I am unsure of how this would work with an array containing a variable number of elements.
https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/wiki/Transactions
var pg = require('pg');
var rollback = function(client, done) {
client.query('ROLLBACK', function(err) {
//if there was a problem rolling back the query
//something is seriously messed up. Return the error
//to the done function to close & remove this client from
//the pool. If you leave a client in the pool with an unaborted
//transaction weird, hard to diagnose problems might happen.
return done(err);
});
};
pg.connect(function(err, client, done) {
if(err) throw err;
client.query('BEGIN', function(err) {
if(err) return rollback(client, done);
//as long as we do not call the `done` callback we can do
//whatever we want...the client is ours until we call `done`
//on the flip side, if you do call `done` before either COMMIT or ROLLBACK
//what you are doing is returning a client back to the pool while it
//is in the middle of a transaction.
//Returning a client while its in the middle of a transaction
//will lead to weird & hard to diagnose errors.
process.nextTick(function() {
var text = 'INSERT INTO account(money) VALUES($1) WHERE id = $2';
client.query(text, [100, 1], function(err) {
if(err) return rollback(client, done);
client.query(text, [-100, 2], function(err) {
if(err) return rollback(client, done);
client.query('COMMIT', done);
});
});
});
});
});
My array logic is:
banking.forEach(function(batch){
client.query(text, [batch.amount, batch.id], function(err, result);
}
pg-promise offers a very flexible support for transactions. See Transactions.
It also supports partial nested transactions, aka savepoints.
The library implements transactions automatically, which is what should be used these days, because too many things can go wrong, if you try organizing a transaction manually as you do in your example.
See a related question: Optional INSERT statement in a transaction
Here's a simple TypeScript solution to avoid pg-promise
import { PoolClient } from "pg"
import { pool } from "../database"
const tx = async (callback: (client: PoolClient) => void) => {
const client = await pool.connect();
try {
await client.query('BEGIN')
try {
await callback(client)
await client.query('COMMIT')
} catch (e) {
await client.query('ROLLBACK')
}
} finally {
client.release()
}
}
export { tx }
Usage:
...
let result;
await tx(async client => {
const { rows } = await client.query<{ cnt: string }>('SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM users WHERE username = $1', [username]);
result = parseInt(rows[0].cnt) > 0;
});
return result;
I am relatively new to Node but I have had good success with porting over RESTful API that was previously done in PHP. There is quite a bit of database interaction and as a result I have found myself getting into what I believe many people call "the pyramid of doom" due to the async nature of Node.
As a result I am taking a stab at implementing promises using the Q library but I haven't had much success yet and am still getting null result sets back when I believe I should be getting data. Below is my current structure before adding Q, if anyone could advise on how to correctly implement Q for this I would be able to run with that example and convert the rest of the database/memcached calls over to that model.
// helper function to get a company row
getRow = function(lookUp, callback) {
var query = db.query('SELECT * FROM table WHERE lookUp = ?', lookUp, function(err, result) {
var count = Object.keys(result).length;
if(count == 0) {
return;
} else {
callback(null, result);
}
});
}
// function that uses the above helper method
insertItem = function(request, response) {
var data = JSON.parse(request.body.data);
var message = data.message;
var lookUp = data.lookUp;
security.verifyToken(lookUp, function (lookUpError) {
if (lookUpError) {
var errorResult = { "response": "error", "msg": lookUpError };
response.json(errorResult);
response.end();
} else {
getRow(lookUp, function (companyError, row) {
var companyId = row[0].id;
var res = helper.insertFeedItem(companyId, message, function (insertError, insertResult) {
var result = (feedError) ? { "response": "error", "msg": insertError} : insertResult;
response.json(result);
response.end();
});
});
}
});
}
What I would like to accomplish is being able to do something like:
var result = getCompanyRow(lookUp);
companyId = result.company_id;
Again, any insight into how to best implement Q (or just promises in general) for this case would be extremely appreciated.
* EDIT:
Here is what I have tried thus far to implementing Q, but as I said I am getting nothing back.
function getRow(id) {
var dfd = Q.defer();
var query = db.query('SELECT * FROM table WHERE lookUp = ?', id, function(err, result) {
if(err) { dfd.reject(err); }
else { dfd.resolve(result); }
});
return dfd.promise;
}
The above is not working at all when called as result = getRow(id); I tried using Q.all and binding the function to that but I also got nothing back when trying that approach. I wasn't sure what to include in my call to .then() but I tried a number of things, none were successful.
Your getRow promise function looks promising :-) It can be further simplified by using the node adapter methods from Q:
function getRow(id) {
return Q.nfcall(db.query, 'SELECT * FROM table WHERE lookUp = ?', id);
// ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
// or .ninvoke(db, "query", … if it must be called as a method
}
// or even just
var getRow = Q.nbind(db.query, db, 'SELECT * FROM table WHERE lookUp = ?');
I don't see any benefit to using .then(function ...) because it still requires nesting just like a callback would.
The benefit (apart from easier error handling) comes from chaining multiple tasks, i.e. when also your security.verifyToken and helper.insertFeedItem methods would return promises. If they don't (and you can't modify them) you still can use Q.nfcall as in the example above. Assuming they did, your code can be simplified to
function insertItem(request, response) {
var data = JSON.parse(request.body.data);
security.verifyToken(data.lookUp).then(function(/* no lookupError */) {
return getRow(data.lookUp); // potentially catch SQL errors here
}).then(function(row) {
return helper.insertFeedItem(row[0].id, data.message);
// What was the `res` it had returned before?
}).catch(function(someError) { // lookUpError, companyError, insertError
return { "response": "error", "msg": someError };
}).done(function(result) {
response.json(result);
response.end();
});
}
In below code am I in callbackhell? How to overcome such scenario without using any async modules in pure javascript?
emailCallBack(e_data, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
The above code is copied in multiple location to make code work as expected.
function processInviteEmails(email_list, user_id, emailCallBack, completionCallback){
function checkEmail(email){
try {
check(email).isEmail();
//is valid email
checkConnected(email, user_id, function(connect_status, user_row, user_meta_row, connect_row){
var e_data;
//insert to connect and send msg to queue
if(connect_status === 'not connected'){
var cur_date = moment().format('YYYY-MM-DD');
var dbData = {
"first_name": '',
"last_name": '',
"email": email,
"user_id": user_id,
"status": "invited",
"unsubscribe_token": crypto.randomBytes(6).toString('base64'),
"created": cur_date,
"modified": cur_date
};
ConnectModel.insert(dbData, function(result){
if (result.insertId > 0) {
//send to email queue
//Queue Email
MailTemplateModel.getTemplateData('invitation', function(res_data){
if(res_data.status === 'success'){
var unsubscribe_hash = crypto.createHash("md5")
.update(dbData.unsubscribe_token + email)
.digest('hex');
var unsubscribe_link = app.locals.SITE_URL+'/unsubscribe/' + result.insertId + '/' + unsubscribe_hash;
var template_row = res_data.template_row;
var user_full_name = user_row.user_firstname+' '+ user_row.user_lastname;
var invitation_link = 'http://'+user_row.url_alias+'.'+ app.locals.SITE_DOMAIN;
var mailOptions = {
"type": 'invitation',
"to": dbData.email,
"from_name" : user_full_name,
"subject": template_row.message_subject
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name),
"text": template_row.message_text_body
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name)
.replace('[[INVITATION_LINK]]', invitation_link)
.replace('[[UNSUBSCRIBE_LINK]]', unsubscribe_link),
"html": template_row.message_body
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name)
.replace('[[INVITATION_LINK]]', invitation_link)
.replace('[[UNSUBSCRIBE_LINK]]', unsubscribe_link)
};
mailOptions = JSON.stringify(mailOptions);
//send email to queue
sqsHelper.addToQueue(cfg.sqs_invitation_url, mailOptions, function(data){
if(data){
e_data = null;
}
else{
e_data = new Error('Unable to Queue ');
}
emailCallBack(e_data, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
});
}
else{
e_data = new Error('Unable to get email template');
emailCallBack(e_data, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
}
});
}
else{
e_data = new Error('Unable to Insert connect');
emailCallBack(e_data, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
}
});
}
else{
e_data = new Error('Already connected');
emailCallBack(e_data, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
}
});
} catch (e) {
//invalid email
emailCallBack(e, email);
if (email_list.length) {
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
} else {
completionCallback();
}
}
}
checkEmail(email_list.pop());
}
Yes you are in callback hell. The solution assuming you don't want to use async (which I doubt you can justify other than prejudice) consists of:
1) Make more top-level functions. Each function should perform either 1 or 2 IO operations as a rule of thumb.
2) Call those functions, making your code follow a pattern of a long list of short core functions organized into business logic by a small list of control flow "glue" functions.
Instead of:
saveDb1 //lots of code
saveDb2 //lots of code
sendEmail //lots of code
Aim for:
function saveDb1(arg1, arg2, callback) {//top-level code}
function saveDb2(arg1, arg2, callback) {//top-level code}
function sendEmail(arg1, arg2, callback) {//top-level code}
function businessLogic(){//uses the above to get the work done}
3) Use more function arguments instead of relying so much on closures
4) Emit events and DECOUPLE YOUR CODE! See how you have nested code writing stuff to the database and then building an email and adding it to a queue? Don't you see how those two do not need to exist one on top of the other? Emails lend themselves very well to a core business logic emitting events and an email module listening to those events and queueing the mail.
5) Decouple application-level service connection code from specific transaction business logic. Dealing with connections to network services should be handled more broadly and not embedded with a specific set of business logic.
6) Read other modules for examples
As to should you use an async library, you can and should make up your own mind about that but AFTER you know, and know pretty well, each and every one of these approaches:
callbacks and basic functional javascript techniques
events
promises
Helper libraries (async, step, nimble, etc)
Any serious node.js developer knows how to use and work within ALL of those paradigms. Yes, everyone has their favored approach and maybe some nerd rage about the non-favored approaches, but none of these are difficult and it's bad to get set in your decision without being able to point to some non-trivial code you wrote from scratch in each paradigm. Also, you should try several helper libraries and understand how they work and why they are going to save you boilerplate. Studying the work of Tim Caswell's Step or Caolan McMahon's async is going to be very enlightening. Have you seen the everyauth source code's use of promises? I don't like it personally but I surely have to admit that the author has squeezed damn near every last bit of repetition out of that library, and the way he uses promises will turn your brain into a pretzel. These people are wizards with much to teach. Don't scoff at those libraries just for hipster points or whatever.
Also a good external resource is callbackhell.com.
"If you try to code bussiness db login using pure node.js, you go straight to callback hell"
I've recently created a simple abstraction named WaitFor to call async functions in sync mode (based on Fibers): https://github.com/luciotato/waitfor
check the database example:
Database example (pseudocode)
pure node.js (mild callback hell):
var db = require("some-db-abstraction");
function handleWithdrawal(req,res){
try {
var amount=req.param("amount");
db.select("* from sessions where session_id=?",req.param("session_id"),function(err,sessiondata) {
if (err) throw err;
db.select("* from accounts where user_id=?",sessiondata.user_ID),function(err,accountdata) {
if (err) throw err;
if (accountdata.balance < amount) throw new Error('insufficient funds');
db.execute("withdrawal(?,?),accountdata.ID,req.param("amount"), function(err,data) {
if (err) throw err;
res.write("withdrawal OK, amount: "+ req.param("amount"));
db.select("balance from accounts where account_id=?", accountdata.ID,function(err,balance) {
if (err) throw err;
res.end("your current balance is " + balance.amount);
});
});
});
});
}
catch(err) {
res.end("Withdrawal error: " + err.message);
}
Note: The above code, although it looks like it will catch the exceptions, it will not.
Catching exceptions with callback hell adds a lot of pain, and i'm not sure if you will have the 'res' parameter
to respond to the user. If somebody like to fix this example... be my guest.
using wait.for:
var db = require("some-db-abstraction"), wait=require('wait.for');
function handleWithdrawal(req,res){
try {
var amount=req.param("amount");
sessiondata = wait.forMethod(db,"select","* from session where session_id=?",req.param("session_id"));
accountdata= wait.forMethod(db,"select","* from accounts where user_id=?",sessiondata.user_ID);
if (accountdata.balance < amount) throw new Error('insufficient funds');
wait.forMethod(db,"execute","withdrawal(?,?)",accountdata.ID,req.param("amount"));
res.write("withdrawal OK, amount: "+ req.param("amount"));
balance=wait.forMethod(db,"select","balance from accounts where account_id=?", accountdata.ID);
res.end("your current balance is " + balance.amount);
}
catch(err) {
res.end("Withdrawal error: " + err.message);
}
Note: Exceptions will be catched as expected.
db methods (db.select, db.execute) will be called with this=db
Your Code
In order to use wait.for, you'll have to STANDARDIZE YOUR CALLBACKS to function(err,data)
If you STANDARDIZE YOUR CALLBACKS, your code might look like:
//run in a Fiber
function processInviteEmails(email_list, user_id, emailCallBack, completionCallback){
while (email_list.length) {
var email = email_list.pop();
try {
check(email).isEmail(); //is valid email or throw
var connected_data = wait.for(checkConnected,email,user_id);
if(connected_data.connect_status !== 'not connected') throw new Error('Already connected');
//insert to connect and send msg to queue
var cur_date = moment().format('YYYY-MM-DD');
var dbData = {
"first_name": '',
"last_name": '',
"email": email,
"user_id": user_id,
"status": "invited",
"unsubscribe_token": crypto.randomBytes(6).toString('base64'),
"created": cur_date,
"modified": cur_date
};
result = wait.forMethod(ConnectModel,'insert',dbData);
// ConnectModel.insert shuold have a fn(err,data) as callback, and return something in err if (data.insertId <= 0)
//send to email queue
//Queue Email
res_data = wait.forMethod(MailTemplateModel,'getTemplateData','invitation');
// MailTemplateModel.getTemplateData shuold have a fn(err,data) as callback
// inside getTemplateData, callback with err=new Error('Unable to get email template') if (data.status !== 'success')
var unsubscribe_hash = crypto.createHash("md5")
.update(dbData.unsubscribe_token + email)
.digest('hex');
var unsubscribe_link = app.locals.SITE_URL+'/unsubscribe/' + result.insertId + '/' + unsubscribe_hash;
var template_row = res_data.template_row;
var user_full_name = user_row.user_firstname+' '+ user_row.user_lastname;
var invitation_link = 'http://'+user_row.url_alias+'.'+ app.locals.SITE_DOMAIN;
var mailOptions = {
"type": 'invitation',
"to": dbData.email,
"from_name" : user_full_name,
"subject": template_row.message_subject
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name),
"text": template_row.message_text_body
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name)
.replace('[[INVITATION_LINK]]', invitation_link)
.replace('[[UNSUBSCRIBE_LINK]]', unsubscribe_link),
"html": template_row.message_body
.replace('[[USER]]', user_full_name)
.replace('[[INVITATION_LINK]]', invitation_link)
.replace('[[UNSUBSCRIBE_LINK]]', unsubscribe_link)
};
mailOptions = JSON.stringify(mailOptions);
//send email to queue ... callback(err,data)
wait.forMethod(sqsHelper,'addToQueue',cfg.sqs_invitation_url, mailOptions);
} catch (e) {
// one of the callback returned err!==null
emailCallBack(e, email);
}
} // loop while length>0
completionCallback();
}
// run the loop in a Fiber (keep node spinning)
wait.launchFiber(processInviteEmails,email_list, user_id, emailCallBack, completionCallback);
see? no callback hell
I've put another solution in my blog. It is ugly but it is the most readable thing I could do with pure javascript.
var flow1 = new Flow1(
{
execute_next_step: function(err) {
if (err) {
console.log(err);
};
}
}
);
flow1.execute_next_step();
function Flow1(parent_flow) {
this.execute_next_step = function(err) {
if (err) return parent_flow.execute_next_step(err);
if (!this.next_step) this.next_step = 'START';
console.log('Flow1:', this.next_step);
switch (this.next_step) {
case 'START':
this.next_step = 'FIRST_ASYNC_TASK_FINISHED';
firstAsyncTask(this.execute_next_step.bind(this));
break;
case 'FIRST_ASYNC_TASK_FINISHED':
this.firstAsyncTaskReturn = arguments[1];
this.next_step = 'ANOTHER_FLOW_FINISHED';
this.another_flow = new AnotherFlow(this);
this.another_flow.execute_next_step();
break;
case 'ANOTHER_FLOW_FINISHED':
this.another_flow_return = arguments[1];
this.next_step = 'FINISH';
this.execute_next_step();
break;
case 'FINISH':
parent_flow.execute_next_step();
break;
}
}
}
function AnotherFlow(parent_flow) {
this.execute_next_step = function(err) {
if (err) return parent_flow.execute_next_step(err);
if (!this.next_step) this.next_step = 'START';
console.log('AnotherFlow:', this.next_step);
switch (this.next_step) {
case 'START':
console.log('I dont want to do anything!. Calling parent');
parent_flow.execute_next_step();
break;
}
}
}
Check below algorithm...
users = getAllUsers();
for(i=0;i<users.length;i++)
{
contacts = getContactsOfUser(users[i].userId);
contactslength = contacts.length;
for(j=o;j<contactsLength;j++)
{
phones = getPhonesOfContacts(contacts[j].contactId);
contacts[j].phones = phones;
}
users[i].contacts = contacts;
}
return users;
I want to develop such same logic using node.js.
I have tried using async with foreach and concat and foreachseries functions. But all fail in the second level.
While pointer is getting contacts of one user, a value of i increases and the process is getting started for next users.
It is not waiting for the process of getting contacts & phones to complete for one user. and only after that starting the next user. I want to achieve this.
Actually, I want to get the users to object with proper
Means all the sequences are getting ruined, can anyone give me general idea how can I achieve such a series process. I am open to change my algorithm also.
In node.js you need to use asynchronous way. Your code should look something like:
var processUsesrs = function(callback) {
getAllUsers(function(err, users) {
async.forEach(users, function(user, callback) {
getContactsOfUser(users.userId, function(err, contacts) {
async.forEach(contacts, function(contact, callback) {
getPhonesOfContacts(contacts.contactId, function(err, phones) {
contact.phones = phones;
callback();
});
}, function(err) {
// All contacts are processed
user.contacts = contacts;
callback();
});
});
}, function(err) {
// All users are processed
// Here the finished result
callback(undefined, users);
});
});
};
processUsers(function(err, users) {
// users here
});
You could try this method without using async:
function getAllUserContacts(users, callback){
var index = 0;
var results = [];
var getUserContacts = function(){
getContactsOfUser(users[index].userId, function(contacts){
var index2 = 0;
var getContactsPhones = function(){
getPhonesOfContacts(contacts[index2].contactId, function(phones){
contacts[index2].phones = phones;
if(index2 === (contacts.length - 1)){
users[index].contacts = contacts;
if(index === (users.length - 1)){
callback(users)
} else {
index++;
getUserContacts();
}
}else{
index2++;
getContactsPhones();
}
});
}
getContactsPhones();
});
}
getUserContacts();
}
//calling the function
getAllUsers(function(users){
getAllUsersWithTheirContacts(users, function(usersWithContacts){
console.log(usersWithContacts);
})
})
//Asynchronous nested loop
async.eachSeries(allContact,function(item, cb){
async.eachSeries(item,function(secondItem,secondCb){
console.log(secondItem);
return secondCb();
}
return cb();
},function(){
console.log('after all process message');
});