how to select specific rows and columns - linux

I need to select for example:
Column 2 of row 7.
Column 3 of row 8.
Columns 1 and 3 of row 11.
of a specific file and place the result in another file.
This is what I have tried so far:
sed -n -e '7p' -e '8p' -e '11p' Old_File | awk '{printf("%s %s %s\n", $2, $3, $1);}' > New_File.


Awk alone can get it done:
awk 'NR==7{print $2} NR==8{print $3} NR==11{print $1, $3}' Old_file > New_file


Awk is enought for that task:
awk '
FNR == 7 { print $2; next; }
FNR == 8 { print $3; next; }
FNR == 11 { print $1, $3; exit; }
' input-file

Related

create new column containing a substring of an existing column in data using bash

I have a large tsv.gz file (40GB) for which I want to extract a string from an existing variable col3, store it in a new variable New_var (placed at the beginning) and save everything the new file.
an example of the data "old_file.tsv.gz"
col1 col2 col3 col4
1 positive 12:1234A 100
2 negative 10:9638B 110
3 positive 5:0987A 100
4 positive 8:5678A 170
Desired data "new_file.tsv.gz"
New_var col1 col2 col3 col4
12 1 positive 12:1234A 100
10 2 negative 10:9638B 110
5 3 positive 5:0987A 100
8 4 positive 8:5678A 170
I am new in bash so I have tried multiple things but I get stuck, I have tried
zcat old_file.tsv.gz | awk '{print New_var=$3,$0 }' | awk '$1 ~ /^[0-9]:/{print $0 | (gzip -c > new_file.tsv.gz) }'
I think I have multiple problems. {print New_var=$3,$0 } do create a duplicate of col3 but doesn't rename it. Then when I add the last part of the code awk '$1 ~ /^[0-9]:/{print $0 | (gzip -c > new_file.tsv.gz) }'...well nothing comes up (I tried to look if I forget a parenthesis but cannot find the problem).
Also I am not sure if this way is the best way to do it.
Any idea how to make it work?

Make an AWK script in a separate file (for readability), say 1.awk:
{ if (NR > 1) {
# all data lines
split($3, a, ":");
print a[1], $1, $3, $3, $4;
} else {
# header line
print "new_var", $1, $2, $3, $4;
}
}
Now process the input (say 1.csv.gz) with the AWK file:
zcat 1.csv.gz | awk -f 1.awk | gzip -c > 1_new.csv.gz

I suggest to use one tab (\t) and : as input field separator:
awk 'BEGIN { FS="[\t:]"; OFS="\t" }
NR==1 { $1="New_var" OFS $1 }
NR>1 { $0=$3 OFS $0 }
{ print }'
As one line:
awk 'BEGIN{ FS="[\t:]"; OFS="\t" } NR==1{ $1="New_var" OFS $1 } NR>1{ $0=$3 OFS $0 } { print }'
See: 8 Powerful Awk Built-in Variables – FS, OFS, RS, ORS, NR, NF, FILENAME, FNR

Adding double quotes around non-numeric columns by awk

I have a file like this;
2018-01-02;1.5;abcd;111
2018-01-04;2.75;efgh;222
2018-01-07;5.25;lmno;333
2018-01-09;1.25;prs;444
I'd like to add double ticks to non-numeric columns, so the new file should look like;
"2018-01-02";1.5;"abcd";111
"2018-01-04";2.75;"efgh";222
"2018-01-07";5.25;"lmno";333
"2018-01-09";1.25;"prs";444
I tried this so far, know that this is not the correct way
head myfile.csv -n 4 | awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=";"} {gsub($1,echo $1 ,$1)} 1' | awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=";"} {gsub($3,echo "\"" $3 "\"",$3)} 1'
Thanks in advance.

You may use this awk that sets ; as input/output delimiter and then wraps each field with "s if that field is non-numeric:
awk '
BEGIN {
FS = OFS = ";"
}
{
for (i=1; i<=NF; ++i)
$i = ($i+0 == $i ? $i : "\"" $i "\"")
} 1' file
"2018-01-02";1.5;"abcd";111
"2018-01-04";2.75;"efgh";222
"2018-01-07";5.25;"lmno";333
"2018-01-09";1.25;"prs";444
Alternative gnu-awk solution:
awk -v RS='[;\n]' '$0+0 != $0 {$0 = "\"" $0 "\""} {ORS=RT} 1' file

Using GNU awk and typeof(): Fields - - that are numeric strings have the strnum attribute. Otherwise, they have the string attribute.1
$ gawk 'BEGIN {
FS=OFS=";"
}
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
if(typeof($i)=="string")
$i=sprintf("\"%s\"",$i)
}1' file
Some output:
"2018-01-02";1.5;"abcd";111
- -
Edit:
If some the fields are already quoted:
$ gawk 'BEGIN {
FS=OFS=";"
}
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
if(typeof($i)=="string")
gsub(/^"?|"?$/,"\"",$i)
}1' <<< string,123,"quoted string"
Output:
"string",123,"quoted string"

Further enhancing upon anubhava's solution (including handling fields already double-quoted :
gawk -e 'sub(".+",$-_==+$-_?"&":(_)"&"_\
)^gsub((_)_, _)^(ORS = RT)' RS='[;\n]' \_='\42'
"2018-01-02";1.5;"abcd";111
"2018-01-04";2.75;"efgh";222
"2018-01-07";5.25;"lmno";333
"2018-01-09";1.25;"prs";444
"2018-01-09";1.25;"prs";111111111111111111112222222222
222222223333333333333333333333
333344444444444444444499999999
999991111111111111111111122222
222222222222233333333333333333
333333333444444444444444444999
999999999991111111111111111111
122222222222222222233333333333
333333333333333444444444444444
444999999999999991111111111111
111111122222222222222222233333
333333333333333333333444444444
444444444999999999999991111111
111111111111122222222222222222
233333333333333333333333333444
444444444444444999999999999991
111111111111111111122222222222
222222233333333333333333333333
333444444444444444444999999999
999991111111111111111111122222
222222222222233333333333333333
333333333444444444444444444999
999999999999

implementing Excel-vlookup-like function with awk

I have a question about vlookup function implementation with awk. I have a csv file having id-score pairs like this (say 1.csv):
id,score
1,16
3,12
5,13
11,8
13,32
17,37
23,74
29,7
31,70
41,83
There are "unscored" guys. I also have a csv file including all registered guys both scored and unscored like this (say, 2.csv) (I transposed for the want of space)
id,1,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41
I would like to generate id-score pairs according to 2nd csv file so as to include both scored and unscored guys. For unscored guys, NAN would be used instead of the digit.
In other words, final result is desired to be like this:
id,score
1,16
3,12
5,13
7,NAN
11,8
13,32
17,37
19,NAN
23,74
29,7
31,70
37,NAN
41,83
When I tried to create a new table with the following awk command, it did not work to me. Thanks in advance for any advice.
awk 'FNR==NR{a[$1]++; next} {print $0, (a[$1]) ? a[$2] : "NAN"}' 1.csv 2.csv

here is your script with fixes: set field separators; save the score value for each id; print the value from lookup, if missing NaN
$ awk 'BEGIN {FS=OFS=","}
FNR==NR {a[$1]=$2; next}
{print $1, (($1 in a)?a[$1]:"NAN")}' file1 file2
id,score
1,16
3,12
5,13
7,NAN
11,8
13,32
17,37
19,NAN
23,74
29,7
31,70
37,NAN
41,83

With bash and join:
echo "id,score"
join --header -j 1 -t ',' <(sort 1.csv | grep -v '^id') <(tr ',' '\n' < 2.csv | grep -v '^id' | sort) -e "NAN" -a 2 -o 2.1,1.2 | sort -n
Output:
id,score
1,16
3,12
5,13
7,NAN
11,8
13,32
17,37
19,NAN
23,74
29,7
31,70
37,NAN
41,83
See: man join

With awk could you please try following, written with shown samples in GNU awk. Considering(like your shown samples) your both the Input_files have headers in their first line.
awk -v counter=2 '
FNR==1{
next
}
FNR==NR{
a[FNR]=$0
b[FNR]=$1
next
}
{
if($0==b[counter]){
print a[counter]
counter++
}
else{
print $0",NA"
}
}
' FS="," 1.csv <(tr ',' '\n' < 2.csv)
Explanation: Adding detailed explanation for above.
awk -v counter=2 ' ##Starting awk program from here and setting counter as 2.
FNR==1{ ##Checking condition if line is 1st then do following.
next ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
FNR==NR{ ##Checking condition if FNR==NR which will be TRUE when Input_file 1.csv is being read.
a[FNR]=$0 ##Creating array a with index FNR and value of current line.
b[FNR]=$1 ##Creating array b with index FNR and value of 1st field of current line.
next ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
{
if($0==b[counter]){ ##Checking condiiton if current line is same as array b with index counter value then do following.
print a[counter] ##Printing array a with index of counter here.
counter++ ##Increasing count of counter by 1 each time cursor comes here.
}
else{ ##Else part of for above if condition starts here.
print $0",NA" ##Printing current line and NA here.
}
}
' FS="," 1.csv <(tr ',' '\n' < 2.csv) ##Setting FS as , for Input_file 1.csv and sending 2.csv output by changing comma to new line to awk.

An awk solution could be:
awk -v FS=, -v OFS=, '
NR == 1 { print; next }
NR == FNR { score[$1] = $2; next }
{ for (i = 2; i <= NF; ++i)
print $i, score[$i] == "" ? "NAN" : score[$i] }
' 1.csv 2.csv

How to copy a value from one column to another?

I have CSV data with two price columns. If a value exists in the $4 column I want to copy it over the $3 column of the same row. If $4 is empty then $3 should be left as is.
Neither of these work:
awk -F',' '{ if (length($4) == 0) $3=$4 }'
awk -F',' '{ if(!length($4) == 0 ) print $4 }'
This will output every line with the sample table
awk -F',' '{ if(!length($4) == 0 ) print $0 }' inputfile
This will output nothing with the sample table
awk -F',' '{ if(length($4) == 0 ) print $3 }' inputfile
I've cleaned my two input files, fixed the header row, and joined them using sed, awk, sort, and join. Now what I am left with is a CSV which looks like this:
itemnumber,available,regprice,mapprice
00061,9,19.30,
00061030,31,2.87,3.19
00062,9,15.44,
00062410,2,3.59,3.99
00064,9,15.44,
00066850,29,2.87,3.99
00066871,49,4.19,5.99
00066878,3,5.63,7.99
I need to overwrite the $3 column if the $4 column in the same row has a value. The end result would be:
itemnumber,available,regprice,mapprice
00061,9,19.30,
00061030,31,3.19,3.19
00062,9,15.44,
00062410,2,3.99,3.99
00064,9,15.44,
00066850,29,3.99,3.99
00066871,49,5.99,5.99
00066878,3,7.99,7.99

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=","} (NR>1) && ($4!=""){$3=$4} 1' file
itemnumber,available,regprice,mapprice
00061,9,19.30,
00061030,31,3.19,3.19
00062,9,15.44,
00062410,2,3.99,3.99
00064,9,15.44,
00066850,29,3.99,3.99
00066871,49,5.99,5.99
00066878,3,7.99,7.99

Let's have a look at all the things you tried:
awk -F',' '{ if (length($4) == 0) $3=$4 }'
This states, if the length if field 4 is zero then set field 3 equal to field 4. You do not ask awk to print anything, so it will not do anything. This would have printed something:
awk -F',' '{ if (length($4) == 0) $3=$4 }{print $0}'
but with all field separators equal to a space, you should have done:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=","}{ if (length($4) == 0) $3=$4 }{print $0}'
awk -F',' '{ if(!length($4) == 0 ) print $4 }'
Here you state, if the length of field 4 equals zero is not true, print field 4.
As you mention that nothing is printed, it most likely indicates that you have hidden characters in field 4, such as a CR (See: Remove carriage return in Unix), or even just spaces. You could attempt something like
awk -F',' '{sub(/ *\r?$/,""){ if(!length($4) == 0 ) print $4 }'`**
awk -F',' '{ if(!length($4) == 0 ) print $0 }' inputfile
See 2
awk -F',' '{ if(length($4) == 0 ) print $3 }' inputfile
This confirms my suspicion of 2
My solution for your problem would be based on the suggestion of 2 and the solution of Ed Morton.
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=","} {sub(/ *\r?/,"")}(NR>1) && ($4!=""){$3=$4} 1' file

Here's code that matches your results:
awk -F, -v OFS=, '
NR == 1
NR > 1 {
if ( $4 == "" )
print $1,$2,$3,$4
else
print $1,$2,$4,$4 }
' $*
I've run into trouble in the past with expressions like $3 = $4, so I just print out all of the fields.
Edit: I got shamed by Ed Morton for avoiding the $3 = $4 without troubleshooting. I gave it another shot here below:
awk -F, -v OFS=, '
NR == 1
NR > 1 {
if ( $4 != "" )
$3 = $4
print
}
' $*
The above achieves the same results.

tried on gnu awk
awk -F, -vOFS=, '/[0-9.]+/{if($4)$3=$4} {print}' file

Merge two files using awk in linux

I have a 1.txt file:
betomak#msn.com||o||0174686211||o||7880291304ca0404f4dac3dc205f1adf||o||Mario||o||Mario||o||Kawati
zizipi#libero.it||o||174732943.0174732943||o||e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e||o||Tiziano||o||Tiziano||o||D'Intino
frankmel#hotmail.de||o||0174844404||o||8d496ce08a7ecef4721973cb9f777307||o||Melanie||o||Melanie||o||Kiesel
apoka-paris#hotmail.fr||o||0174847613||o||536c1287d2dc086030497d1b8ea7a175||o||Sihem||o||Sihem||o||Sousou
sofianomovic#msn.fr||o||174902297.0174902297||o||9893ac33a018e8d37e68c66cae23040e||o||Nabile||o||Nabile||o||Nassime
donaldduck#yahoo.com||o||174912161.0174912161||o||0c770713436695c18a7939ad82bc8351||o||Donald||o||Donald||o||Duck
cernakova#centrum.cz||o||0174991962||o||d161dc716be5daf1649472ddf9e343e6||o||Dagmar||o||Dagmar||o||Cernakova
trgsrl#tiscali.it||o||0175099675||o||d26005df3e5b416d6a39cc5bcfdef42b||o||Esmeralda||o||Esmeralda||o||Trogu
catherinesou#yahoo.fr||o||0175128896||o||2e9ce84389c3e2c003fd42bae3c49d12||o||Cat||o||Cat||o||Sou
ermimurati24#hotmail.com||o||0175228687||o||a7766a502e4f598c9ddb3a821bc02159||o||Anna||o||Anna||o||Beratsja
cece_89#live.fr||o||0175306898||o||297642a68e4e0b79fca312ac072a9d41||o||Celine||o||Celine||o||Jacinto
kendinegel39#hotmail.com||o||0175410459||o||a6565ca2bc8887cde5e0a9819d9a8ee9||o||Adem||o||Adem||o||Bulut
A 2.txt file:
9893ac33a018e8d37e68c66cae23040e:134:#a1
536c1287d2dc086030497d1b8ea7a175:~~#!:/92\
8d496ce08a7ecef4721973cb9f777307:demodemo
FS for 1.txt is "||o||" and for 2.txt is ":"
I want to merge two files in a single file result.txt based on the condition that the 3rd column of 1.txt must match with 1st column of 2.txt file and should be replaced by the 2nd column of 2.txt file.
The expected output will contain all the matching lines:
I am showing you one of them:
sofianomovic#msn.fr||o||174902297.0174902297||o||134:#a1||o||Nabile||o||Nabile||o||Nassime
I tried the script:
awk -F"||o||" 'NR==FNR{s=$0; sub(/:[^:]*$/, "", s); a[s]=$NF;next} {s = $5; for (i=6; i<=NF; ++i) s = s "," $i; if (s in a) { NF = 5; $5=a[s]; print } }' FS=: <(tr -d '\r' < 2.txt) FS="||o||" OFS="||o||" <(tr -d '\r' < 1.txt) > result.txt
But getting an empty file as the result. Any help would be highly appreciated.

If your actual Input_file(s) are same as shown sample then following awk may help you in same.
awk -v s1="||o||" '
FNR==NR{
a[$9]=$1 s1 $5;
b[$9]=$13 s1 $17 s1 $21;
next
}
($1 in a){
print a[$1] s1 $2 FS $3 s1 b[$1]
}
' FS="|" 1.txt FS=":" 2.txt
EDIT: Since OP has changed requirement a bit so providing code as per new ask where it will create 2 files too 1 file which will have ids present in 1.txt and NOT in 2.txt and other will be vice versa of it.
awk -v s1="||o||" '
FNR==NR{
a[$9]=$1 s1 $5;
b[$9]=$13 s1 $17 s1 $21;
c[$9]=$0;
next
}
($1 in a){
val=$1;
$1="";
sub(/:/,"");
print a[val] s1 $0 s1 b[val];
d[val]=$0;
next
}
{
print > "NOT_present_in_2.txt"
}
END{
for(i in d){
delete c[i]
};
for(j in c){
print j,c[j] > "NOT_present_in_1.txt"
}}
' FS="|" 1.txt FS=":" OFS=":" 2.txt

You can use this awk to get your output:
awk -F ':' 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$2 FS $3; next} FNR==1{FS=OFS="||o||"; gsub(/[|]/, "\\\\&", FS)}
$3 in a{$3=a[$3]; print}' file2 file1 > result.txt
cat result.txt
frankmel#hotmail.de||o||0174844404||o||demodemo:||o||Melanie||o||Melanie||o||Kiesel
apoka-paris#hotmail.fr||o||0174847613||o||~~#!:/92\||o||Sihem||o||Sihem||o||Sousou
sofianomovic#msn.fr||o||174902297.0174902297||o||134:#a1||o||Nabile||o||Nabile||o||Nassime

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