Daemon program that talks to devices - linux

I read about Daemon Programming and i think I'll be needing this to detect my devices if online or not eg(RS232, usb, ethernet). then fetch in a webservice PHP.
The code from this site. http://www.netzmafia.de/skripten/unix/linux-daemon-howto.html
I added some parts to test if i can detect devices.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <string.h>
int devfd;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int c;
while((c=getopt(argc,argv,"s")) != -1)
switch(c){
case 's': devfd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR);
if(devfd==-1){
printf("offline\n");
}
else{
printf("online\n");
}
break;
default: printf("Wrong command\n");
}
/* Our process ID and Session ID */
pid_t pid, sid;
/* Fork off the parent process */
pid = fork();
if (pid < 0) {
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* If we got a good PID, then
we can exit the parent process. */
if (pid > 0) {
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/* Change the file mode mask */
umask(0);
/* Open any logs here */
/* Create a new SID for the child process */
sid = setsid();
if (sid < 0) {
/* Log the failure */
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Change the current working directory */
if ((chdir("/")) < 0) {
/* Log the failure */
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Daemon-specific initialization goes here */
/* The Big Loop */
while (1) {
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
I added this code..
while((c=getopt(argc,argv,"s")) != -1)
switch(c){
case 's': devfd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR);
if(devfd==-1){
printf("offline\n");
}
else{
printf("online\n");
}
break;
default: printf("Wrong command\n");
}
so doing it like this in the terminal.
./daemon -s //prints offline because the device USB0 is not connected.
Is there another way for me to detect my devices?
Thanks,

If it has udev, you can use libudev to detect and monitor your devices. Checkout nice tutorial from signal11.

Related

NETLINK_NFLOG support in Linux 4.14

I've this program which runs fine on Linux 2.6.34. While porting this program to 4.14, socket creation is giving error "Error: : Protocol not supported". As per http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/netlink.7.html
NETLINK_NFLOG (up to and including Linux 3.16)
Netfilter/iptables ULOG.
Do we know what is the alternative in 4.14 ?
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
int main()
{
struct sockaddr_nl addr;
int mypid;
int status;
int sockfd = -1;
/* mypid = getpid(); */
mypid = pthread_self();
sockfd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_NFLOG);
if (sockfd <= 0) {
printf("netlink socket() failed - rc:%d, errno:%d\n",
sockfd, errno);
perror("Error: ");
return (-1);
}
/* set up socket address */
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof (addr));
addr.nl_pid = mypid;
addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
/*
nl_groups is the multicast
group ID to which the ULOG
messages will be sent.It
is bitmap of hexadecimal
format
*/
addr.nl_groups = 1;
/* bind socket to listen on
* multicast group 1 */
status = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof (addr));
if (status < 0) {
perror("bind:");
close(sockfd);
return (-1);
}
printf("socket bind successful\n");
close(sockfd);
return (0);
}
I tried to browse kernel source but couldn't identify.
I've below config
CONFIG_NETFILTER=y
# CONFIG_NETFILTER_ADVANCED is not set
CONFIG_NETFILTER_INGRESS=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK_LOG=y
# CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK_GLUE_CT is not set
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XTABLES=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MARK=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_CONNSECMARK=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_LOG=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_NAT=y
# CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_NETMAP is not set
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_NFLOG=y
# CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_REDIRECT is not set
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_SECMARK=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_TCPMSS=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_ADDRTYPE=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNTRACK=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_POLICY=y
CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_STATE=y
NETLINK_NFLOG (up to and including Linux 3.16)
see worked example in libnml

Sigaction doesnt work

I am learning about signals and wrote a simple programs that plays with them.
So i am inputting a number then using fork i create a process.The parent process is supposed to send the number as a signal to the child process,then the child_signal handler is supposed to send back the number squared as a signal.
This is the code.
#include <iostream>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
using namespace std;
void child_handler(int sig_num){
cout<<"Child recieved a signal"<<endl;
pid_t ppid = getppid();
if(kill(ppid,sig_num*sig_num) == -1){
cout<<"Childs signal handler failed to send a signal "<<endl;
}
cout<<"Sent a sgnal to the parent"<<endl;
return;
}
void parent_handler(int sig_num){
cout<<"Parent recieved a signal "<<endl;
cout<<sig_num<<endl;
return;
}
int main(){
int n;
cin>>n;
pid_t pid = fork();
if(pid != 0){
struct sigaction sa2;
memset(&sa2,0,sizeof(sa2));
sa2.sa_handler = parent_handler;
if(sigaction(n,&sa2,NULL) == -1){
cout<<"Parents sigaction failed "<<endl;
}
if(kill(pid,n) == -1){
cout<<"Kill failed "<<endl;
}
cout<<"Sent a signal to the child"<<endl;
waitpid(pid,0,0);
}
else{
struct sigaction sa1;
memset(&sa1,0,sizeof(sa1));
sa1.sa_handler = child_handler;
if(sigaction(n,&sa1,NULL) == -1){
cout<<"Childs sigaction failed eerno:"<<errno<<endl;
}
sleep(20);
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
The output is this.
Sent a signal to the child.
And it doesn't say anything about sigaction.
In your code a child process can receive a signal before setting a handler.

Headphone or mic detection connected via 3.5 mm jack linux

I have written a small program that informs when any headphone or mic is connected or not.
I provide a file path to identify, is there any way to know through a C program which file path is for mic or headphone?
Here is the program:
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int main()
{
int fd = -1;
char name[256]= {'\0'};
struct input_event event;
/*On my system
/dev/input/event6 for headphone
/dev/input/event5 for mic
*/
if ((fd = open("/dev/input/event6", O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
perror("evdev open");
exit(1);
}
if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCGNAME(sizeof(name)), name) < 0) {
perror("evdev ioctl");
}
printf("The device name on path %s is === %s\n Now Plug in or Plug out the device\n",
argv[1],name);
// while(1)
{
read(fd, &event, sizeof(struct input_event));
printf("Event type is %d\n", event.type);
printf("Event code is %d\n", event.code);
printf("Event value is %d\n", event.value);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}
Here i need to provide path in open, I want my program should identify the path of the mic or headphone. Is there anyway to do this?
It would be great to have some help.
thanks,

Can not get proper response from select() using writefds

Parent receives SIGPIPE sending chars to aborted child process through FIFO pipe.
I am trying to avoid this, using select() function. In the attached sample code,
select() retruns OK even after the child at the other end of pipe having been terminated.
Tested in
RedHat EL5 (Linux 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5)
GNU C Library stable release version 2.5
Any help appreciated. Thnak you.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
static void sigpipe_fct();
main()
{
struct stat st;
int i, fd_out, fd_in, child;
char buf[1024];
#define p_out "/tmp/pout"
signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe_fct);
if (stat(p_out, &st) != 0) {
mknod(p_out, S_IFIFO, 0);
chmod(p_out, 0666);
}
/* start receiving process */
if ((child = fork()) == 0) {
if ((fd_in = open(p_out, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
perror(p_out);
exit(1);
}
while(1) {
i = read(fd_in, buf, sizeof(buf));
fprintf(stderr, "child %d read %.*s\n", getpid(), i, buf);
lseek(fd_in, 0, 0);
}
}
else {
fprintf(stderr,
"reading from %s - exec \"kill -9 %d\" to test\n", p_out, child);
if ((fd_out = open(p_out, O_WRONLY + O_NDELAY)) < 0) { /* output */
perror(p_out);
exit(1);
}
while(1) {
if (SelectChkWrite(fd_out) == fd_out) {
fprintf(stderr, "SelectChkWrite() success write abc\n");
write(fd_out, "abc", 3);
}
else
fprintf(stderr, "SelectChkWrite() failed\n");
sleep(3);
}
}
}
static void sigpipe_fct()
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIGPIPE received\n");
exit(-1);
}
SelectChkWrite(ch)
int ch;
{
#include <sys/select.h>
fd_set writefds;
int i;
FD_ZERO(&writefds);
FD_SET (ch, &writefds);
i = select(ch + 1, NULL, &writefds, NULL, NULL);
if (i == -1)
return(-1);
else if (FD_ISSET(ch, &writefds))
return(ch);
else
return(-1);
}
From the Linux select(3) man page:
A descriptor shall be considered ready for writing when a call to an
output function with O_NONBLOCK clear would not block, whether or not
the function would transfer data successfully.
When the pipe is closed, it won't block, so it is considered "ready" by select.
BTW, having #include <sys/select.h> inside your SelectChkWrite() function is extremely bad form.
Although select() and poll() are both in the POSIX standard, select() is much older and more limited than poll(). In general, I recommend people use poll() by default and only use select() if they have a good reason. (See here for one example.)

Logging a message from SIGTERM

What's the proper way to log a shutdown message when an application (a C++ daemon, in my case) receives a SIGTERM or SIGINT?
According to CERT and the signal(7) manpage, many functions (including, presumably, those used by most logging libraries) aren't safe to call from signal handlers.
Vlad Lazarenko wrote a great blog post earlier this year on this very topic. On Linux it boils down to creating a signal descriptor with signalfd(2) and use an event loop such as poll(2) or epoll_wait(2). Here is Vlad's example reading from the descriptor
#include <sys/signalfd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define handle_error(msg) \
do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
sigset_t mask;
int sfd;
struct signalfd_siginfo fdsi;
ssize_t s;
sigemptyset(&mask);
sigaddset(&mask, SIGINT);
sigaddset(&mask, SIGQUIT);
/* Block signals so that they aren't handled
according to their default dispositions */
if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL) == -1)
handle_error("sigprocmask");
sfd = signalfd(-1, &mask, 0);
if (sfd == -1)
handle_error("signalfd");
for (;;) {
s = read(sfd, &fdsi, sizeof(struct signalfd_siginfo));
if (s != sizeof(struct signalfd_siginfo))
handle_error("read");
if (fdsi.ssi_signo == SIGINT) {
printf("Got SIGINT\n");
} else if (fdsi.ssi_signo == SIGQUIT) {
printf("Got SIGQUIT\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} else {
printf("Read unexpected signal\n");
}
}
}
This example can easily be extended to integrate into an event loop.
Logging could be done not from handler, but after it:
int received_sigterm = 0;
void
sigterm_handler(int sig)
{
received_sigterm = 1;
}
void
loop(void)
{
for(;;) {
sleep(1);
if (received_sigterm)
log("finish\n");
}
}
int
main()
{
log("start\n");
signal(SIGTERM, sigterm_handler);
loop();
}
The concept is borrowed from openssh-6.1 sources.

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