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I've tested my page in Chrome (Mac), Firefox (all), Safari (all), IE9 (Win 7), and Opera (Mac). I'm also planning to do Chrome for Windows and Chromium for Linux, and Opera for Windows. Are there any others (for desktop) with wide enough usage that I should download and test with them?
I've always found the best policy is to test in IE, Chrome, Firefox and Safari (latest versions) then install a service like Google Analytics to find out what other browsers you are popular on. Testing across all different operation systems can be very time consuming and you might be surprised at the breakdown your site has for traffic.
Use this link to get a good feeling on browser usage trends:
http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp
Keep in mind that these statistics are based on this particular site users, which are suspected to be a bit more 'tech-savvy' then normal users. If you click a specific browser you will see the statistics for the browser's different versions. for example, you can see that around 8% of the site's users use IE8, which is not in your list.
Also, use this site:
http://caniuse.com/
To check for support of specific HTML / CSS elements throught the different browsers.
Don't forget to provide your website users with proper fall back content for every element that's not supported in older browser versions.
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My goal is to create single page applications on my Mac book running OSX.
Support for Angular.js / Node.js / TypeScript
Ability to run on Mac OSX
Free or cheap
Support for debugging
Ability to run locally for testing
You can use WebStorm from JetBrains. It provides code completition, syntax and error check for html, css, most JS libraries and even for CoffeeScript. It has an internal terminal to work with npm modules. It's compatible with some test environment such as Karma for AngularJS.
You can have an academic license for 26€ if you are a student.
Btw, if you want to work with PHP as well, I suggest you PHPStorm. It offers pretty much everything WebStorm offers plus PHP support.
Personally, I don't like XCode for web purposes. On all my PC's I use sublime text 3, but that's too basic for heavy duty web development. A "mature" product, specialized on web languages for mac, featuring special things like live preview, code completion, folding, syntax checking etc, is Panic's Coda 2. (but you'll need to spend 75 bucks. Get the trial. It's worth it.)
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I have been looking about the pros and cons of browsers specifically for security property. Please share if you know which browser is more secure than others and why it is so.
Each browser have different security features, vulnerability, maybe even NSA backdoors for some of them, at some point in time but... http://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/view/33645/there-is-no-single-most-secure-browser/
You might want to look here for additional insight : http://slashdot.org/story/13/06/23/0317243/ask-slashdot-most-secure-browser-in-an-age-of-surveillance
There is not web browser that is more secure than other in big margin, reason being is that most todays browsers use at most same standard. For example, usage of javascripts is allowed or disabled by default, tracking and sharing, your ip... Beacause this question does not have proper answer, here is example how to make web browser secure as much as possible if needed:
In this example I will use Mozilla Firefox.
First step is disabling javascripts in web browser (manually or by implementing some plugin to do that, for example "NoScript")
Disabling javascripts will disable viewing web pages properly or using them beacause almost any website today use javascripts. But we talk now about security.
Second step should be disabling tracking and sharing again, manually or by some plugin.
Third should be usage of some proxy server to hide your ip.
There is to many different things that could be done, also note again, javascripts, that are required for proper displaying page content and proper interaction with them on almost all modern websites, but can be big security hole, for example, session hijacking, forcing browser to get your geolocation and to many other things...
My reccomendation is to see first exactly, what you would like to protect, and then search on google how to do that.
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Sorry i am unable to provide you a fiddle or the url of my working system. I wanted a comprehensive explanation why my system is not compatible(at some functions like caret positioning) with firefox and compatible with the other three? What's inside those system? Is it because the three browsers are webkit-based?
This is a general question. Im not asking how to fix my system to be cross-browser compatible. I wanted to understand why such thing happen, dipper.
Nowadays most cross browser differences is because you are using non-standard functions that are added by one browser vendor, so it's not supported by other browsers. The W3C organisation defines some standards for the web, and that's what browsers try to follow.
Older versions of browsers were not as good at following standards, which is most noticable with older versions of Internet Explorer, especially as they tend to be upgraded less frequently than browsers that people choose to install themselves.
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Would a developer simply be wise to check if their extension functions properly upon every release or is there a more efficient way?
Thanks!
I'm not too sure about Chrome, but Mozilla has an automatic update checker system that checks your addon to see if it is compatible with new Firefox releases. You get an email telling you whether your addon passed the tests or not. More info here: http://blog.mozilla.org/addons/2011/04/19/add-on-compatibility-rapid-releases/
Chrome has specific APIs that are available to extensions, whereas Firefox gives you access to pretty much all of the browser internals. This means it's very possible that you'd write a Firefox extension using an API that Mozilla never thought you'd use, so when Firefox updates, your extension breaks. Though as Yansky says, Mozilla does a great job of detecting problems and warning you about them. Since Chrome has specific APIs that you can use, I don't think this would ever be a problem unless they deprecated one of them.
I would definitely recommend that any Firefox add-on developer have all current versions of Firefox installed (Nightly, Aurora, Beta and Release) and at least do basic checks to ensure that their add-on is working on all these version of Firefox. Things do still break, sometimes in the most expected ways.
In addition, Mozilla provides resources to let add-on developers know what is coming in future releases, so we can be prepared. Their are blog posts:
http://blog.mozilla.org/addons/2012/05/11/compatibility-for-firefox-13/
And there are more through pages on MDN:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Firefox_13_for_developers
https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Firefox_14_for_developers
https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Firefox_15_for_developers
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Why every web browser interpret the web page different. Is it some standard for interpreting HTML, CSS or JavaScript or that depends of company witch development the web browser.
The browser is what interprets the html. The browser engineers do have a standard to go by, but in the end, they choose how their browser will interpret and display the html, css, etc, and how it will function.
There is a standard specification set by the World Wide Web Consortium. Most browsers follow it pretty well. Firefox, Opera, et. al. follow it pretty much to the letter but Internet Explorer does not in some cases.
actually yes it depends upon the interpretation of CSS and in turn, many tags.
This article provides some more insight on the matter.