I am building a Node Express application using Jade, and I am confused about how to route my views to the specific requests the browser will make. I understand that in order to get URLs to work in the browser, we need to use Node's routes; however, from looking online, I have discovered that Express has its own router.
I used PHPStorm to start up my project, and the index.jade will load... but how do I load the others? Here is my existing code:
var express = require('express'), routes = require('./routes'), http = require('http'), path = require('path');
var app = express();
app.configure(function ()
{
app.set('port', process.env.PORT || 3000);
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.set('view engine', 'jade');
app.use(express.favicon());
app.use(express.logger('dev'));
app.use(express.bodyParser());
app.use(express.methodOverride());
app.use(express.cookieParser('your secret here'));
app.use(express.session());
app.use(app.router);
app.use(require('less-middleware')({ src:__dirname + '/public' }));
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
});
app.configure('development', function ()
{
app.use(express.errorHandler());
});
app.get('/', routes.index);
http.createServer(app).listen(app.get('port'), function ()
{
console.log("Express server listening on port " + app.get('port'));
});
What is the most basic way to route my application, and where can I find more extensive documentation on this topic?
Thanks.
I understand that in order to get URLs to work in the browser,
we need to use Node's routes; however, from looking online,
I have discovered that Express has its own router.
Node.js per-se does not provide support for "routes", but Express does. You build your routes in Express using the following syntax:
app.[verb]('[url-path]', [handler]);
So your route app.get('/', routes.index) will process HTTP GET request to URL path / with the routes.index function. Express will automatically pass a request and response objects to your handler.
You can add more routes like this:
app.get('/users', routes.userList);
app.get('/user/:id', routes.userInfoView);
app.post('/user/:id', routes.userInfoSave);
You can find more information about this here http://expressjs.com/api.html#app.param
I am building a Node Express application using Jade, and I
am confused about how to route my views to the specific
requests the browser will make.
Once a route handler is invoked, say (routes.userList) you can call res.render() method inside userList to render the Jade file that you want. For example:
res.render('user_list',
{ users: [{name: "user1", age: 10}, {name: "user2", age: 20}] });
See here for more information: http://expressjs.com/api.html#res.render
Related
I have a mean-stack application. By going to https://localhost:3000/#/home, it reads views/index.ejs. Here is the setting in app.js:
var app = express();
app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
app.all('/*', function(req, res, next) {
res.sendFile('index.ejs', { root: __dirname });
});
Actually, I don't use the feature of ejs in index.ejs. So now I want to use just a index.html rather than index.ejs.
I put the content of index.ejs in public/htmls/index.html and views/index.html. And here is the current setting in app.js:
var app = express();
// app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
// app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
app.all('/*', function(req, res, next) {
res.sendFile('index.html', { root: __dirname });
// res.sendFile('index.html'); // does not work either
});
However, running https://localhost:3000/#/home returns
Error: No default engine was specified and no extension was provided.
Does anyone know how to fix it?
Edit 1: by following the answer of user818510, I tried res.sendFile('index.html', { root: path.join(__dirname, 'views') }); in app.js, it still can NOT find index.html.
Whereas, in routes/index.js, the following can find index.html, but it gives a warning express deprecated res.sendfile: Use res.sendFile instead routes/index.js:460:9.
var express = require('express');
var router = express.Router();
var path = require('path');
... ...
router.get('*', function(req, res) {
res.sendfile('./views/index.html'); // works, but a deprecation warning
// res.sendFile('index.html', { root: path.join(__dirname, 'views') }); does not work
});
It is really confusing...
If it's a single page mean application, then you only need to start express with static and put index.html in static/ dir :
Project layout
static/
index.html
server.js
server.js
'use strict';
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
app.use(express.static('public'));
var server = app.listen(8888, function () {
console.log("Server started. Listening on port %s", server.address().port);
});
Now you can call http://localhost:8888/#home
It looks like a problem with the path. Your index.html is located at public/htmls/index.html and views/index.html. Your root option in res.sendFile should be __dirname+/public/htmls/ or __dirname+/views
In your code, you are using the path:
res.sendFile('index.html', { root: __dirname });
Your app.js would be in the project root where you have public directory alongside at the same level. Based on your rootoption in res.sendFile, you would have to place index.html at the same level as your app.js.
You should change the root path in res.sendFile. Use:
res.sendFile('index.html', { root: path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'htmls') });
OR
res.sendFile('index.html', { root: path.join(__dirname, 'views') });
The above root is based on the path that you've mentioned in your question.
Here's the link to the docs:
http://expressjs.com/en/api.html#res.sendFile
Your no default engine error is probably because you have commented the line where you set the view engine to ejs but still have existing ejs views. Uncommenting that line with the root path change should solve your issue.
Do not serve static content from an application server.
Use a web server for that, and in production, a content delivery network like Akamai.
A content delivery network will charge you per bandwidth (e.g: 10 cents per Terabyte). Serving the equivalent of 10 cents in Akamai can cost you thousands of dollars using cloud instances.
In addition to that, your servers will have unnecessary load.
If you absolutely have to serve static content from your application servers, then put a reverse proxy cache like nginx, varnish or squid in front of your server. But that will still be very cost inefficient. This is documented in the express website.
This is common practice in every Internet company.
I'm experimenting with Angular2 and, with the quick start guide on their official documentation, I'm definitely up and running. However, if I want to do any APIs on the server or host it on the cloud it seems I'll need to use Node. I think I have everything set correctly in the server.js file, yet when I run it it seems like it's not loading everything from SystemJS and I get the following errors:
Here is the Node code:
var express = require("express");
var bodyParser = require("body-parser");
var app = express();
var System = require('systemjs');
// loads './app.js' from the current directory
System.import('app').then(function(m) {
console.log(m);
});
// Config
app.set('port', (process.env.PORT || 3000));
app.use('/app', express.static(__dirname + '/app'));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
app.listen(app.get('port'), function() {
console.log('MEAN app listening on port ' + app.get('port'));
});
app.get('*', function(req, res) {
res.sendFile(__dirname + '/index.html');
});
I'm not sure what I'm missing to include in the Node side that gets included when running lite-server from npm start that is included from the Angular2 quick start guide.
When you are telling express where to look for the static files, you have to include where your js files will be as well.
For example, in one of my projects I have it like so
app.use('/css', express.static(path.resolve(appPath, 'css')));
app.use('/lib/css', express.static(path.resolve(appPath + '/lib', 'css')));
app.use('/lib/js', express.static(path.resolve(appPath + '/lib', 'js')));
app.use('/assets', express.static(path.resolve(appPath, 'assets')));
app.use('/node_modules', express.static(path.resolve(appPath, 'node_modules')));
app.use('/app', express.static(path.resolve(appPath, 'app')));
I believe that might be your issue or hopefully set you in the right path.
There is a node package for using handlebars templates in Express.js, express-handlebars, but I'd like to be able to use the same package in a Parse Cloud Hosting project. The only discussion I can find about how to make it work is here, and it's painfully brief: https://parse.com/questions/dynamic-website-handlebars-for-template-engine
The last comment mentions specifying the 'cloud' directory 'to the required command for a lot of dependent modules'. The author does not explain how he did that, and the thread is now closed.
After following the install instructions I have this in my main app.js file:
var express = require('express');
var exphbs = require('express-handlebars');
var parseExpressCookieSession = require('parse-express-cookie-session');
var home = require('cloud/routes/home');
var register = require('cloud/routes/register');
var login = require('cloud/routes/login');
var app = express();
// Configure the app
app.set('views', 'cloud/views');
app.set('view engine', 'hbs');
app.engine('hbs', exphbs({
extname: 'hbs',
defaultLayout: 'layouts/main.hbs'
}));
app.use(express.bodyParser());
app.use(express.methodOverride());
app.use(express.cookieParser('ABCDEFG1234567'));
app.use(parseExpressCookieSession({ cookie: { maxAge: 3600000 }}));
app.use(app.router);
// Define all the endpoints
app.get('/', home.index);
app.get('/register', register.new);
app.post('/register', register.create);
app.get('/login', login.new);
app.post('/login', login.create);
app.get('/logout', login.destroy);
app.listen();
My file structure looks like this:
cloud
└──routes
└──views
└──layouts
└──main.hbs
└──home
└──index.hbs
└──register
└──new.hbs
└──login
└──new.hbs
config
node_modules
public
package.json
All route files are a slight variation of this:
exports.index = function(req, res){
res.render('home/index');
};
Running my app results in the following error:
Error: Failed to lookup view "home/index"
With the default 'ejs' templates, the app runs fine. Personally, I'm fine with ejs templates, but it's not up to me. Handlebars are what's required of the project, so that's what I'm out to accomplish. Thanks!
I have a test node.js server running the following code:
var app = require('express')();
app.set('views', __dirname + '/public');
app.set('view engine', 'jade');
app.get('/', function(req, res) {
res.render('index.jade', {name: "Test data."});
});
app.listen(3000);
This code works find. I'm wondering what the best practices are for choosing a .jade file based upon the url without hard-coding it, kind of like you might for html files using express.static. Of course, I don't want there to be a direct path correlation either (instead assigning different routes to different directories or groups of directories.) There doesn't seem to be a whole lot of solid information on the subject. Anything would be helpful. Thanks.
with utilization of splats you could do something like this:
var app = require('express')();
app.set('view engine', 'jade');
// /foo/Sam/path/to/view.jade yield a rendering of 'path/to/view.jade' with name: 'Sam'
app.get('/foo/:name/*.*', function(req, res) {
res.render(req.params.join('.'), {name: req.params.name});
});
app.listen(3000);
As my username implies, I'm new to node.js. I'm trying to learn it. As part of this process, I'm working to setup a basic web site. This web site will show a couple of basic web pages and expose a single REST endpoint. The structure of my project is:
config.js
home.html
start.js
routes.js
server.js
resources
css
style.css
images
up.png
down.png
javascript
home.html.js
start.js has my main server code. That file gets executed via command line using 'node start.js'. Once started, my server begins listening on port 3000. The code in start.js looks like this:
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var UserProfileHandler = require('./app/handlers/UserProfileHandler');
app.configure(function () {
app.engine('html', require('ejs').renderFile);
app.set('views', __dirname + '/');
app.use(express.logger({ stream: expressLogFile }));
app.use(express.bodyParser());
app.use(express.methodOverride());
app.use(app.router);
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
});
var routes = {
userProfiles: new UserProfileHandler()
};
function start() {
routeConfig.setup(app, routes);
var port = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.listen(port);
console.log("SUCCESS: Server listening on port %d in %s mode", port, app.settings.env);
}
exports.start = start;
exports.app = app;
My routes.js file has the following:
function setup(app, routes) {
viewSetup(app);
apiSetup(app, routes);
}
function viewSetup(app) {
app.get('/', function (req, res) {
res.render("/home.html");
});
app.get('/home.html', function (req, res) {
res.render("/home.html");
});
}
function apiSetup(app, routes) {
app.get('/api/userProfiles/:username', routes.userProfiles.getUserProfiles);
}
I am trying to load home.html in a browser window. I attempt this by visiting http://localhost:3000 and http://localhost:3000/ and http://localhost:3000/home.html. Unfortunately, none of these work. In fact, I receive an error that says:
Express 500 Error: Failed to lookup view "/home.html"
I know that I'm close. If I visit http://localhost:3000/api/userProfiles/me I receive a JSON response back like I'm expecting. For some reason, i can't seem to return HTML though. My home.html file looks like the following.
<html>
<head>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/resources/javascript/home.html.js'></script>
</head>
<body>
We're up and running! <img src='/resources/images/up.png' />
</body>
</html>
Its a pretty basic HTML file. Even if the HTML comes back though, I'm concerned the JavaScript file and Image it references won't be accessible. I'm concerned of this because I'm not really sure how paths and such work in Node.
How do I get home.html to work in my Node setup?
Thank you!
as your view file is in same folder as your main file, below changes should make it work
1.change the view folder configuration line
from
app.set('views', __dirname + '/');//wont work
to
app.set('views', __dirname);//will work
2.change view render lines
from
res.render("/home.html");//wont work
to
res.render("home.html");//will work
with both the changes, the view should be working fine
update to below comments.
the issue you mentioned regarding the images,css and js is due to the static folder configuration which should be changed from
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
to
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/resources'));
as your static folder is named resources.
but make sure in your view you are refering the css/js/image files like
eg:
/css/style.css
/images/up.png
/images/down.png
/javascript/home.html.js
from your view file
Also if the above dint work, check if you have given the path correctly and also you can try by taking the
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/resources'));
before the
app.use(express.methodOverride());
app.use(app.router);
lines like
app.configure(function () {
app.engine('html', require('ejs').renderFile);
app.set('views', __dirname + '/');
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
//try changing the position of above line in app.configure and resatrt node app
app.use(express.logger({ stream: expressLogFile }));
app.use(express.bodyParser());
app.use(express.methodOverride());
app.use(app.router);
});
had similar problem in my case is
app.set('./views');
look for the dot, dont know why but the dot will mess it up.
I had it like this
app.set('/views') and no matter what i did couldt find the folder until added the dot.