command not found when runng bash script as user apache - linux

Question

I am trying to run a bash script as user apache. and it throws up the following
[apache#denison public]$ ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 apache apache 4096 Jul 17 08:14 css
-rw-r--r-- 1 apache apache 4820 Jul 17 10:04 h3111142_58_2012-07-17_16-03-58.php
-rwxrwxrwx 1 apache apache 95 Jul 17 10:04 h31111.bash
drwxr-xr-x 2 apache apache 4096 Jul 17 08:14 images
-rw-r--r-- 1 apache apache 754 Jul 17 08:13 index.php
drwxr-xr-x 2 apache apache 4096 Jul 17 08:14 javascript
drwxr-xr-x 5 apache apache 4096 Jul 17 08:14 jquery-ui-1.8.21.custom
[apache#denison public]$ bash h31111.bash
: command not found :
contents of the file are:
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/php /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/h3111142_58_2012-07-17_16-03-58.php
php script runs fine below are the results
[apache#denison public]$ /bin/bash h31111.bash
: command not found:
[apache#denison public]$ chmod +x h31111.bash
[apache#denison public]$ ./h31111.bash
./h31111.bash: Command not found.
[apache#denison public]$ php h3111142_58_2012-07-17_16-03-58.php
creation of file:
$batchFile = $this->session->username . "_" . $index . "_" . $date . ".sh";
$handle = fopen($batchFile, 'w');
$data = "#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/php /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/$file
";
/*
rm -rf /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/$file
rm -rf /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/$batchFile*";*/
fwrite($handle, $data);
fclose($handle);
batchfile is the bash script and file is the php file. These get craeted automatically based on user input in webapp. my webapp runs on linux.

Answer 1

I'm guessing you uploaded the script from a windows machine, and didn't strip the carriage returns from the end of the lines. This causes the #! mechanism (the first line of most scripts) to fail, because it searches for #!/some/interpreter^M, which rarely exists.
You can probably strip the carriage returns, if you have them, using fromdos or:
tr -d '\015' < /path/to/script > /tmp/script; chmod 755 /tmp/script; mv /tmp/script /path/to/script

Answer 2

What happens if you try to run your script with
$ /bin/bash h31111.bash
Try this (assuming your script file is named "h31111.bash"):
$ chmod +x h31111.bash
then to run it
$ ./h31111.bash
Also are you sure you have the right path for your php command? What does which php report?
--
As #jordanm correctly suggests based on the output of the file command I suggested you run, you need to run the dos2unix command on your file. If you don't have that installed this tr -d '\r' will also work. I.e.,
$ tr -d '\r' h31111.bash > tmp.bash
$ mv tmp.bash h31111.bash
and you should be all set.
Under some versions of Ubuntu these utilities (e.g., dos2unix) don't come installed, for information on this see this page.

Answer 3

It looks to me the problem is your $PATH. Some users on the system will have . (the current directory) in their $PATH and others will not. If typing ./h31111.bash works, then that's your problem. You can either specify the file with a relative or absolute path, or you can add . to the $PATH of that user but never do that for root.

Answer 4

Since you're not sure where it's failing, let's try to find out.
First, can you execute the program?
./h31111.bash
That should be equivalent to invoking it with:
/bin/bash h31111.bash
If the above gives you the same error message than it's likely a problem with the script contents. To figure out where something's gone awry in a bash script, you can use set -x and set -v.
set -x will show you expansions
set -v will show you the lines before their read
So, you'd change your script contents to something like the following:
#!/bin/bash
set -x
set -v
/usr/bin/php /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/h3111142_58_2012-07-17_16-03-58.php
Another possibility, which you probably only learn by experience, is that the file is in MSDOS mode (i.e., has CR LF's instead of just LFs). This often happens if you're still using FTP (as opposed to SFTP) and in ASCII mode. You may be able to set your transfer mode to binary and have everything work successfully. If not, you have a few options. Any of the following lines should work:
dos2unix /path/to/your/file
sed -i 's/\r//g' /path/to/your/file
tr -d '\r' < /path/to/your/file > /path/to/temp/file && mv /path/to/temp/file /path/to/your/file
In Vim, you could do :set ff=unix and save the file to change the format as well.
Let's take a look at what you have in PHP:
$handle = fopen($batchFile, 'w');
$data = "#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/php /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/$file
";
Since you have a multi-line string, the CR LF characters that are embedded will depend on whether your PHP file is in Windows or Unix format. You could switch that file to Windows format and you'd be fine. But that seems easy to break in the future, so I'd go with something a little less volatile:
$handle = fopen($batchFile, 'w');
fwrite($handle, "#!/bin/bash\n");
fwrite($handle, "/usr/bin/php /opt/eposdatatransfer/public/$file\n");
fclose($handle);