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Which distro to use for learning linux(from job perspective). Which distro is used by most software companies? I was wondering about whether to go for RHEL or Ubuntu or any other. What would be the best choice?
I really don't think it matters nearly as much as how comfortable you are with a Linux environment and the tools available (and knowing about the tools available, and how to use them).
I have been using Unix/Linux since the early 1990s, and I still come across stuff I didn't know about. One of the major strengths of this OS is the wide range of tools available and the flexibility of accomplishing tasks by sometimes combining them.
Once you are comfortable in a Linux environment, the adjustment to a given distribution will be minor. You'd probably notice changing your default shell more than changing the distribution :)
As long as you are comfortable with major linux utilities like find/grep/sed/awk and bash in general, you should be fine.However most major distributions are based on either RPM or debs, knowing about these two packaging mechanisms will be a big help. Concepts like firewalls, RAID
and file permissions are needed on daily basis being system admin related work.
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I'm a noob at programming and I want to expand my knowledge. I use Windows 10 and I was thinking of using Pop OS, but I'm still not too sure. I want something with a GUI (obviously aha), but also something that has a good terminal for a beginner like me, thanks! :)
Edit: Also, I want to game on it too :)
It depends what your goals are.
If the goal is to gain a deeper understanding of Linux and gain some confidence with administering your system with the command line, then I would recommend installing a distro like Arch Linux, maybe in a VM, just to go through the process. This will teach you about mounting drives, formatting them, basic package installation. For a bit of a higher-level experience, Debian.
If your goal is to install an OS that's easy to use right out of the box and you don't want to get into Linux admin tasks, then something like Pop!_OS is a good pick. Also Ubuntu or MX Linux.
I would recommend ubuntu for the begin and later on something like fedora.
If design is important to you I would recommend elementry os.
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This is an incredibly dumb question, but I don't know the answer. Apologies in advance.
I want to download a repo of someone else's code from GitHub to work on it. In a Unix-y filesystem, where is the most conventional place to put it?
I've been reading about standard directory structure on Wikipedia and it looks like below opt might be the most appropriate place. Is that correct?
I'm using MacOS, so the alternative would be for me to create a custom folder under /Users/me, but I wondered if there was a conventional place for working on code within the standard Unix directories.
It depends on your usage plans. If this is code you want to hack on, typically your home directory is the right place, since this is private to your unix user. I personally make a 'dev' subdirectory and put code in there (mine or other people's, via github).
If you're looking to install this software system-wide, the answer varies slightly by the system. /opt is a reasonable choice in most cases, as is /usr/local.
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What does "opt" mean (as in the "opt" directory)? I commonly see this directory in Unix systems with development tools inside.
Is it an abbreviation?
In the old days, "/opt" was used by UNIX vendors like AT&T, Sun, DEC and 3rd-party vendors to hold "Option" packages; i.e. packages that you might have paid extra money for. I don't recall seeing "/opt" on Berkeley BSD UNIX. They used "/usr/local" for stuff that you installed yourself.
But of course, the true "meaning" of the different directories has always been somewhat vague. That is arguably a good thing, because if these directories had precise (and rigidly enforced) meanings you'd end up with a proliferation of different directory names.
The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard says this about "/opt/*":
"/opt is reserved for the installation of add-on application software packages."
By contrast it says this about "/usr/local/*":
"The /usr/local hierarchy is for use by the system administrator when installing software locally."
These days, "/usr/local/*" is typically used for installing software that has been built locally, possibly after tweaking configuration options, etcetera.
It's usually describes as for optional add-on software packagessource, or anything that isn't part of the base system. Only some distributions use it, others simply use /usr/local.
OPTional
It holds optional software and packages that you install that are not required for the system to run.
Add-on software packages.
See http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-3.12.html for details.
Also described at Wikipedia.
Its use dates back at least to the late 1980s, when it was a standard part of System V UNIX. These days, it's also seen in Linux, Solaris (which is SysV), OSX Cygwin, etc. Other BSD unixes (FreeBSD, NetBSD, etc) tend to follow other rules, so you don't usually see BSD systems with an /opt unless they're administered by someone who is more comfortable in other environments.
It is an abbreviation for 'optional' , used for optional software in some distros.
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I am looking into making a text based game that I wrote in Haskell into a BBS software package. I am having problems finding information on writing the simplest of BBS software such as a echo server. I have implemented a simple telnet server before, but never a BBS software package.
Am I not googling the correct keywords or is it that dead simple?
Ideally, I am looking for a link to an existing tutorial on making a BBS software package.
You probably want a "door development kit" that supports your language and BBS of choice. You'll have to consult the documentation for your specific BBS to determine what dropfiles and door routines it supports.
I implemented a simple telnet based BBS a while back:
darcs get http://src.seereason.com/happstack-bbs/
Switching to a dial-up version might not be all that big of a change. In Linux the modem connection will just be some device like /dev/modem, and that you read and write like a file.
So, in Telnet.hs you would make a function like runTelnetIO that does the reads and writes to a file Handle instead of a Socket.
patches accepted ;)
That said, Telnet.hs is not the greatest code I ever wrote. I think I did it in a single sitting so I could release it as an April Fools Joke.
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I need a Project management tool that works in Linux, and has Gantt charts.
It doesn't have to be free, just not expensive.
I don't care how it stores the information I give it, as long as I can access it.
I must be able to print the Gantt charts.
Must work in Linux.
With those requirements, what can you recommend?
TheObserver asked a windows specific version of this question here.
Thanks for the help everyone.
Planner, and OpenSched, in that order. There are some decent online Gantt (this is the correct spelling) chart tools online as well, usually integrated within a project management or bug-tracking web app or software package.
I use TaskJuggler - it's more powerful than other OSS software I've tried, but it's very complicated. It's the only software I found that could do what I needed, but I still consider it to be "best of a bad bunch". I too wouldn't mind paying, if I could be sure the software would do everything I needed.
The big flaw with planner seems to be around resource leveling/allocation but I admit I haven't looked deeply into it. Planner would be my second choice.
Ganttproject is written in java and works on every platform.
You could try http://live.gnome.org/Planner maybe it satisfy your needs. :)
The answers to Is there any LaTeX package for drawing Gantt diagrams?. may be viable.
You could also try some of the web-based project management tools. These days they fare quite well to the desktop alternatives. I can recommend dotProject. It's a nice, easy to use tool and it has printable gantt charts.
Also check Redmine.