Suppose I have a file test.c containing the following:
// line 1
// line 2
If I open this file in Vim and navigate to the first line in normal mode, then type o, I get the following:
// line 1
//
// line 2
Now suppose I have a file test.lhs (literate Haskell) containing
> data X = A | B
> data Y = C | D
If I open this file and navigate to the first line in normal mode, then type o, I get
> data X = A | B
> data Y = C | D
Question: How can I make Vim automatically insert > at the start of the line for the .lhs file, similar to how // is automatically inserted for the .c file?
Got it! To .vimrc, add
set formatoptions+=o
This automatically inserts the "comment leader" (character sequence indicating a comment, or, in the case of literate Haskell, the Haskell code) at the start of the line.
For more information on the options accepted by formatoptions, type :help fo-table.
Related
Suppose I have the following text (I have numbered the lines for clarity) and the cursor is at the beginning of the 5th line:
1
2 var x = 1;
3 var y = 2;
4
5 if (true) {
6 print("Hey!");
7 }
Okay, now I try to cut the lines 5, 6, 7 (all that "if" thingy). For that purpose I do:
Vjjd. Now it appears I am at the beginning of the 4th line which is an empty string.
My question: is it possible at this moment to remove the 4th line without loosing previously copied lines 5, 6, 7 (that "if" thingy), so that I'll be able to paste them somewhere else, say, on the 1st line later?
You can always yank or delete into a register using "n, where n is just about any key. See a list of available registers in "help registers", some of which have special meaning. For example, you could do:
> "a3dd (to delete the last three lines into a register called a)
> dd (to delete the blank line)
> "ap (to paste the a register)
You can also use Vjj"ad, to match what you were doing in the original question.
Yes: You can use the blackhole buffer register: type "_dd
if your #4 line is empty line, it is easy, you don't have to play with register. just do:
kJ
it means:
k: move to #3
J: (shift-J) Join #3 and #4
or you prefer do it in INSERT mode.
i<BS>
or
I<c-u>
if that line is not empty:
using register to store the 3 lines or #4, like #Derek suggested
using blackhole register like #Jan suggest
or using numbered register.
say, now you just did 3dd (without named register), and cursor on a not-empty line (#4), you could directly do dd. the 3 lines are not gone. you can paste them again by:
"2p
I am using vim to log a lot of my day-to-day work. I usually have a lot of results with matrix. When I paste those at the end of the day I have pages of (sometimes) 0ne or 2 columns matrix
My question is how can I ask vim to programatically format
this:
R) DT = data.frame(x=rnorm(6),y=rnorm(6))
R) DT
x y
1 -0.0007499 0.7661
2 1.5559552 -0.6664
3 0.2082094 -0.1598
4 -0.1684766 -0.0536
5 3.1014233 -0.7439
6 0.1985104 2.0415
R) DT2 = data.frame(x=rnorm(7),y=rnorm(7))
R) DT2
x y
1 -0.005116 -0.4388
2 2.317381 0.6597
3 0.359883 0.4770
4 -1.426220 0.4911
5 0.468820 -0.3260
6 0.626147 -0.6254
7 -1.086660 2.1973
to this: side by side
R) DT = data.frame(x=rnorm(6),y=rnorm(6)) R) DT2 = data.frame(x=rnorm(7),y=rnorm(7))
R) DT R) DT2
x y x y
1 -0.0007499 0.7661 1 -0.005116 -0.4388
2 1.5559552 -0.6664 2 2.317381 0.6597
3 0.2082094 -0.1598 3 0.359883 0.4770
4 -0.1684766 -0.0536 4 -1.426220 0.4911
5 3.1014233 -0.7439 5 0.468820 -0.3260
6 0.1985104 2.0415 6 0.626147 -0.6254
7 -1.086660 2.1973
EDIT:
Thanks everybody, Kent solution worked, strangely before set ve=all my C-Q did not allow to select a block like
############
###############
#########
#########
#########
I couldn't reach the last column of the second line (using gvim on win XP).
Now works very well
I'll also use Ingo Karkat plugin"
try following steps:
:set ve=all
move cursor to beginning of line R) DT2 = data.frame(x=rnorm(7),y=rnorm(7))
press C-V, then using motion magic to select the 2nd block
press d
move cursor to the first line, the position you want to paste the 2nd block. type p
if your text is always like that format, you could try this mapping:
:nnoremap <leader>mt :let &ve='all'<cr>gg/^R)<CR>n<c-v>G$dgg$3lp
then you could in normal mode type <leader>mt to do the transformation.
NOTE
I have no experience of vim on windows... so you may have to change the mapping for windows blockwise selection. <C-Q> ? not sure.
I assume the first line of the file is R)...
this will paste the 2nd block to the position: 3 spaces after the end of 1st line, change the number 3 in mapping if you want to adjust it
The key to this is blockwise visual mode. Go to the beginning of the second block (what should become the right column next to the first block), press Ctrl+V (on Windows, this is often remapped to Ctrl+Q), create the selection with $ and jjj. . ., then delete with d. Then go to the first line of the first block, $ to go to the end of line, (optionally append padding whitespace), then paste with p . The second block should be pasted to the right of your cursor. Finally, you can delete the empty lines left where the second block was.
My UnconditionalPaste plugin simplifies this task: You can then simply delete the second block with dd or Vjjj. . .d, and force a paste in blockwise mode with the plugin's gdp mapping.
If you find a way to determine the size of the blocks (the } key, which jumps to the next empty line, may come handy here), you can then put all of the steps into a custom mapping.
I have an input text as follows -
(command (and (A B C) ))
(command (and (D E F) ))
(command (and (G H I) ))
...
...
I would like to copy and paste part of text on the same line as
(command (and (A B C) (A B C)))
(command (and (D E F) (D E F)))
(command (and (G H I) (G H I)))
...
...
Will it be possible to do it using VI Editor automatically?
Update :
I think I missed one important point that the values A,B,C ... I... can have variable length. I just used them as symbols.
Thanks !
If all the lines are the same length and format as in your example:
With cursor anywhere on or inside of parens (A B C):
va(Ctrl+v
Now you have (A B C) selected and are in block select mode. Use any mechanism to block select downward. If it is a few lines, you can just move downward. If it is many you can add a count, or use a search (/) or end of file Shift+g.
Once you have selected all:
y/)Enterp
This will yank (y) the whole block, move to the close paren, and paste the block after it (p).
If the lines vary in length or otherwise cannot be reasonably selected as a block
You can use a pattern replacement. This is specific to your example, where we are looking for the pattern (A B C) where A, B and C are capital letters contained in parentheses and separated by spaces. We take a match of that pattern plus the following space, and replace it with the match of that pattern, a space, and the pattern match again.
:%s/\(([A-Z] [A-Z] [A-Z])\) /\1 \1/
Yes, several ways to do this in vim (as with most things). I would probably opt for a quick macro: go to the first line and hit qa from normal mode to start recording a macro named "a". Now do the edit on that line manually. Of course you'll want the operations to be generic, so don't just type in the values, use yank and put to copy it. Once the edit is done, escape to normal mode and press j to move down to the next line (this will set you up to run the macro on the next line). Hit q again to stop recording, then type #a to execute the macro on the next line, then hit it again to run it on the next line, etc. Or, once you do #a once, you can do ## to run the same macro again. You can also supply a count to ## to do is several times.
Alternatively, you can do a regex with the :s command, but it depends on what your lines actually look like and how good you are with regex.
(these work for me in vim)
using block select:
14l<C-v>jj6ly7lp
using macro (if lengths are varied):
record the macro using:
qqf(;vf)y;pj0q
and then repeat as neccessary:
100#q
works for a file with 100 lines
I combine the techniques given by bmearns and Kev.
So what I did is as follows
start recording the macro by q.
/( to find the opening bracket, so it goes to the second one.
n to goto the third one.
v to mark the visual block
/) to search for the end of the bracket
y to copy the visual block
n to goto next ) bracket
One time arrow key to go next to the closing bracket
p to paste the visual block
Down Arrow key to goto next line.
Home Key to goto first location of the next line.
q to stop recording the macro
#a to do the same operation for all the lines.
And it worked just completely fine !
Thanks a lot guys !
I have a large text file with several calls to a specific function method_name.
I've matched them using :g/method_name.
How would I move them to the top of the file (with the first match being on the top)?
I tried :g/method_name/normal ddggP but that reverses the order. Is there a better way to directly cut and paste all the matching lines, in order?
Example input file:
method_name 1
foo
method_name 2
bar
method_name 3
baz
Example output file:
method_name 1
method_name 2
method_name 3
foo
bar
baz
How about trying it the other way around: moving the un-matched lines to the bottom:
:v/method_name/normal ddGp
This seems to achieve what you want.
I think you can achieve the desired result by first creating a variable assigned
to 0:
:let i=0
And then executing this command:
:g/method_name/exec "m ".i | let i+= 1
It basically calls :m passing as address the value of i, and then increments
that value by one so it can be used in the next match. Seems to work.
Of course, you can delete the variable when you don't need it anymore:
:unlet i
If the file is really large, count of matching entries is small, and you don't want to move around the entire file with solution v/<pattern>/ m$, you may do this:
Pick any mark you don't care about, say 'k. Now the following key sequence does what you want:
ggmk:g/method_name/ m 'k-1
ggmk marks first line with 'k.
m 'k-1 moves matching line to 1 line before the 'k mark (and mark moves down with the line it is attached to).
This will only move a few matching lines, not the entire file.
Note: this somehow works even if the first line contains the pattern -- and I don't have an explanation for that.
For scripts:
normal ggmk
g/method_name/ m 'k-1
I created a function to search a custom number of empty lines (with or without spaces) and to replace them with a new (custom) number of empty lines.
fun! s:AddRemoveNumbEmptyLines()
if !exists("emptylinesbefore")
let emptylinesbefore = "How many empty lines do you search? \n (p.e. 2,3 4, ,3)"
endif
let b = inputdialog(emptylinesbefore)
if !exists("emptylinesafter")
let emptylinesafter = "How many empty lines must it be?"
endif
let c = inputdialog(emptylinesafter)
let m = repeat('\r', c)
exe 's/\(^\s*$\n\)\{'.b.'}/'.m.'/gc'
endfun
Let say b = 2, (2 and more) AND m = 3
If vim finds 4 empty lines it does a substitution to 3 empty lines.
(thats ok).
But when I refuse the substitution request (I use the "c" (confirm) flag) it finds at the same place 3 empty lines and asks again if it has to be replaced with 3 empty lines. When I refuse again, it finds at the same place, 2 empty lines and asks again if I want to do a substitution.
How can I avoid these multiple substitution requests (at the same place)?
Hope I made myself clear :)
resolved it! I just had to check for a non space \S in the line before and the line after.
My new exe = 's/^.*\S\+.*\n\zs\(^\s*$\n\)\{'.b.'}\ze\s*\S\+/'.m.'/gc