I am using the greplace plugin for vim and am not sure how to escape brackets in a search.
I want to search for cookies[:parent] and have tried:
:Gsearch cookies[:parent] # returns nothing
:Gsearch cookies\[:parent\] # returns nothing
How should I be doing this?
Thanks
Try
Gsearch cookies\\\[:parent\\\]
or
Gsearch 'cookies\[:parent\]'
. If I understood correctly, shell invoked by :grep! invoked by :Gsearch gets string grep -n cookies\[:parent\] /dev/null (assuming grepprg option has default value) and thus your escapes are interpreted by shell that thinks they are for escaping [ in order to prevent glob expansion. But after globbing done by shell grep takes argument as a pattern, so you need to escape it for grep also and it is why I have three backslashes here: two are to make grep get a backslash and third to prevent glob expansion.
:Gsearch cookies\\\[:parent] works for me.
Remember that :Gsearch requires a file mask in addition to the pattern, so in reality, you'd want to type something like :Gsearch \\\[:parent] *.php or whatever, to specify which files you want to have searched.
:Gsearch cookies\[:parent]
[ is the start of a character class, so needs to be escaped. The ] isn't particularly special so doesn't need to be escaped.
Related
want to search and replace in vim, the /find finds the pattern but :s%//g will not?
have a script that monitors software raid (if interested check it out https://dwaves.org/2019/09/06/linux-server-monitor-software-raid-mail-notification-on-failure/)
echo "=== smart status of all drives ==="| tee -a /scripts/monitor/raid_status_mail.log
# want to search and replace the /path/to/file.sh with $LOGFILE
# searching for the pattern works like charm
/\/scripts\/monitor\/raid_status_mail.log
# but replacing it won't
:s%/\/scripts\/monitor\/raid_status_mail\.log/\$LOGFILE/g
# what does one do wrong?
should replace /scripts/monitor/raid_status_mail.log with $LOGFILE
The substitution operation needs to be prefixed with %s and not the other way around as s%. So doing
%s/\/scripts\/monitor\/raid_status_mail\.log/\$LOGFILE/g
should work as expected. Or just the Vim's equivalent ex in command line mode as
printf '%s\n' "%s/\/scripts\/monitor\/raid_status_mail\.log/\$LOGFILE/g" w q | ex -s file
You inverted the beginning s%. Use %s instead.
Also, you use / as separation for the different fields, it works but makes the command less readable. You can replace the separation character by anything else. You could use : for example:
%s:/scripts/monitor/raid_status_mail.log:$LOGFILE:g
One last tip: install vim-over
This will highlight your searches in live while replacing something in vim.
I am new to Linux.
I was debugging some code. I encountered the following command:
PROGRAM_ID=$(echo $PROGRAM_ID|sed 's/-/,/g')
Can anybody explain what the g represents here?
I understand hyphen is being replaced with comma.
The /g flag means, perform the substitution globally on a line. Without that flag, only the first hyphen on every line would get substituted.
A better way with Bash would be
PROGRAM_ID=${PROGRAM_ID//-/,}
but if you have to be portable to Bourne shell in general, this replacement facility is not available.
(In which case you should take care to keep "$PROGRAM_ID" in double quotes in the echo.)
Its easy to see how g (global) works with these two example:
echo "test-one-two-three" | sed 's/-/,/g'
test,one,two,three
echo "test-one-two-three" | sed 's/-/,/'
test,one-two-three
Without the g it only replace the first hit.
In my vim, I can use :%!sed "s/^/ /", got the wrong output when I use :%!sed 's/^/ /' .
sed: -e expression #1, char 0: no previous regular expression
Is there differences between single quote and double quote in vim command mode?
In my sed, single quote is the same as double quote.
$ echo "wha012" | sed 's/w/haha/'
hahaha012
$ echo "wha012" | sed "s/w/haha/"
hahaha012
my system is xp+vim 7.3 for windows.
In my system:
[1] "c://cygwin/bin/ash.exe"
[2] "c://cygwin/bin/bash.exe"
[3] "c://cygwin/bin/dash.exe"
[4] "c://cygwin/bin/sh.exe"
if i set set shell=\"c:\cygwin\bin\sh.exe"\ -f in _vimrc,i get the new wrong messages:
sed command can not found.
Funny, when I try :%!sed "/^/ /" I get the same error message as when I use single quotes:
sed: 1: "/^/ /": invalid command code /
(This line replaces the content of my file.) I expect to get an error message there because, as #Birei pointed out, you left out the sed s command. This works as expected, with either single or double quotes:
:%!sed "s/^/ /"
#Birei is also right that you can use vim to do things like this, but I assume you have simplified the example from what you were really trying to do.
To answer the original question, Vim uses single quotes for literal strings. The only special character in a literal string is ' itself. Strings delimited with double quotes use \ to denote special character, such as `"\<Esc>".
:echo 'a''b' == "a'b"
:help expr-string
:help literal-string
my system is xp+vim 7.3 for windows
By default Vim uses cmd.exe to run :! commands on Windows, which behaves differently with regard to quoting from the POSIX shell that your s/w/haha/ examples suggest you've been testing with. Try something like
:set shell=\"C:\path\to\sh.exe\"\ -f
to tell it to use your POSIX shell instead. Or if you're using cygwin then try the cygwin version of vim instead of the Windows native one.
The difference is in the sed command, that lets interpolate variables when you execute it directly from the shell, like:
sed "s/$pattern/$replacement/"
but your problem is that you have to use a substitution command that begins with letter s, like:
:%!sed "s/^/ /"
Also you can have same behaviour inside vim without an external command, like:
:%s/^/ /
I am experimenting with wildcards in bash and tried to list all the files that start with "xyz" but does not end with ".TXT" but getting incorrect results.
Here is the command that I tried:
$ ls -l xyz*[!\.TXT]
It is not listing the files with names "xyz" and "xyzTXT" that I have in my directory. However, it lists "xyz1", "xyz123".
It seems like adding [!\.TXT] after "xyz*" made the shell look for something that start with "xyz" and has at least one character after it.
Any ideas why it is happening and how to correct this command? I know it can be achieved using other commands but I am especially interested in knowing why it is failing and if it can done just using wildcards.
These commands will do what you want
shopt -s extglob
ls -l xyz!(*.TXT)
shopt -u extglob
The reason why your command doesn't work is beacause xyz*[!\.TXT] which is equivalent to xyz*[!\.TX] means xyz followed by any sequence of character (*) and finally a character in set {!,\,.,T,X} so matches 'xyzwhateveryouwant!' 'xyzwhateveryouwant\' 'xyzwhateveryouwant.' 'xyzwhateveryouwantT' 'xyzwhateveryouwantX'
EDIT: where whateveryouwant does not contain any of !\.TX
I don't think this is doable with only wildcards.
Your command isn't working because it means:
Match everything that has xyz followed by whatever you want and it must not end with sequent character: \, .,T and X. The second T doesn't count as far as what you have inside [] is read as a family of character and not as a string as you thought.
You don't either need to 'escape' . as long as it has no special meaning inside a wildcard.
At least, this is my knowledge of wildcards.
Inside of my Linux directory, I have a file named TopSample$Config.class.
Whenever I try to copy this file to another location/directory, it is not allowing me to do so.
I am doing it this way:
cp TopSample$Config.class /home/praveen/com/config/
Please let me know if this isn't possible.
The shell will interpret $Config as a variable. And it will expand to empty string.
You can put single quotes around to keep the literal value:
cp 'TopSample$Config.class' /home/praveen/com/config/
Another way is to escape the $(dollar sign) by using \(backslash)
cp TopSample\$Config.class /home/praveen/com/config/
Put single quotes around the filename.
cp 'TopSample$Config.class' /home/praveen/com/config
Or replace the offending character with the filename metacharacter of '?', meaning "any one character". Note that while this might be more convenient and requires the fewest keystrokes, be aware that a filename of TopSample?Config.class will also match TopSampleaConfig.class, TopSamplebConfig.class, TopSamplecConfig.class, etc.