I was wondering what would be the best way to achieve a multi-language template based website. So say I want to offer my website in Englisch and German there are some different methods. My interest is mainly about SEO, so which would be the best way for search engines.
The first way that I often see is using different directories for each language, for example www.example.com for English and www.example.com/de/ for the German translation. The disadvantage of this is: when changing a file, ist has to be changed in every directory manually. And for search engines the two directories would be concerned as duplicate content, wouldnt they?
The second way I know is just using some GET value like www.example.com?lang=de and then setting a cookie. But this way search engines probably wont even find the different languages.
So is there another way or which one is the best?
I worked on internationalised websites until this year. The advice we always had from SEO gurus was to discriminate language based on URL - so, www.example.com/en and www.example.com/de.
I think this is also better for users; if i bookmark a page in German, then when i come back to it, i get a page in German even if my cookies have expired. Similarly, i can do things like post the URL on Facebook, and have my German-speaking friends click on it and get a site in German.
Note that if your site serves multiple countries, you should handle those along with language - so, you might have example.com/de-DE, example.com/en-GB, example.com/en-IE, etc.
However, this should not involve duplication. Instead, you should set your application up to process the URL, extract the locale information, and then forward the request internally to a locale-independent page. So, a request for example.com/de-DE/info and a request for example.com/en-IE/info should both be passed to /info.jsp (or i'm guessing info.php in your case). That page should then be coded to emit text in the appropriate language, using a page-level localisation mechanism.
Things are a bit trickier if you want the URLs themselves to be localised (eg example.org/de-DE/anmelden vs example.org/en-IE/sign-in). However, the same principle applies: extract the locale, then forward to a common page. The difference is that there must be more sophistication in figuring out what the page is from the URL; you will need a mapping from natural language in the URL to the page filename.
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I'm trying to setup proper solution for multilingual website generated using Jekyll. I checked some plugins and tricks without plugin. But still not sure how to achieve it. I found that it's possible to generate output of every language into subfolder. Eg.:
/en/ contains English version of website
/cz/ contains Czech version of website
But in my case every language will be published on own domain (example.com, example.cz). And this is the moment where I'm getting some troubles with the implementation. When I'll have every language in own folder (/en/, /cz/) this means that also {{page.url}} and parmalinks will contain that /en/... or /cz/... part.
Could you help me to find the trick I need to use? What is correct setup in this case?
Note: The only solution which is close to my situation is this https://frozenfractal.com/blog/2016/5/13/building-a-multilingual-website-in-jekyll/ Here is not possible to implement language switcher because solution excludes all files in alternative languages. (When I'll be on www.example.com/contact I need to be able to switch to Czech alternative www.example.cz/kontakt.)
Two different urls makes sense to me. Google will have a different page rank for your sites, but that is the only downside I can think of. I would set the language and set alternate tags. You can use your page front matter to fill the alternate tags. If you succeed in building them from one repo, you might be able to automatically match the different language versions of your pages with an english page identifier (for your alternate tags). Source
I've read a bit on the matter of friendly urls and I'm a little unsure as to what is better.
I currently have my website using a structure of http://www.domain.com/page.php?id=2
I am using the record id to determine the content of the page. My record id's are numeric and increment for new pages added. The content of existing pages can change completely over time. But, still use the same record id (this is a cms so the client may do this).
The way I understand it I have two options for friendly urls:
http://www.domain.com/page/2
http://www.domain.com/some-text-describing-the-page
Now because I identify the content by the record id, I would assume the first option would make more sense.
My client seems to want option two.
After some reading I found two conflicting points.
As per Tim Berners-Lee (the architect of the WWW) he states that you want a URI which will have the potential to remain the same 2 months, 2 years, 200 years from now. So you DO NOT want to use a page title or something similar for your pages. If you change your pages content you are either forced to change the content and leave the URI alone, or change the URI and are stuck with dangling links. You can read his article here (http://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI)
However, a number of other people on the internet (with no know authority to me) clearly state that you need to have a descriptive yet short URI for the best SEO value. From what I read, mostly for the purpose of backlinks and having keywords in the anchor text since people just use the link itself for the anchor text. So having keywords in the link itself helps search engines know what the link is about without a custom title.
It seems to me the difference has to do with long term VS short term.
Am I grasping this correctly?
If I am to use a slug style URI as defined by the user, do I have to just allow my user to type in whatever they want to a field and check against the current database to see if it exist? If so, am I supposed to anticipate static links by running a query for the know record id and then use the result to generate the url which would just be rewritten back to the format: http://www.domain.com/page.php?id=2?
It seems to me that would be a lot of extra overhead.
I would suggest something in the middle of those two:
http://www.domain.com/page/2/some-text-describing-the-page
or without page:
http://www.domain.com/2/some-text-describing-the-page
You can still get page Id from the Url, and there is a title as well! And what even more important, you're still able to get correct content, even when page title change later.
So think about situation like that: User creates a page, it receives Id=4 and it's title is My great title. From that information Url is generated, and is e.g. http://www.domain.com/page/3/my-great-title. After 2 months user changes the title to This title is better then the last one!. Url changes as well to http://www.domain.com/page/3/this-title-is-better-then-the-last-one. However, there is still 3 within the Url, so you're able to show right content! You can also check, if the rest of Url is actual, and redirect (301 would be the best one) to new one to let search engines know, that Url changed.
Sorry, this is a bad question. I don't even know what the title should be. I'm a total noob at making websites so this might be easy to find but I just don't know the terminology to search for. I cannot find anything about how to do this...
What I want to do is have something like references/variables that I can use in a block of text and it will automatically get replaced with whatever value should be there. Best way I can think of to describe it would be if I was using the site as a design doc for a game or something, I would be able to type in [Title] or something similar on any page and when it loads that text would be replaced with whatever my Title is. That way If I ever change titles, names, classes, races, places, items, etc... they would only have to be changed in 1 place and the change would be reflected everywhere.
I notice if I add a link to a page it will automatically use the Title of that page as the text of the link. That is almost exactly what I want. Except when I change the Title of the other page the text of the link remains as the original text. It doesn't get updated to the new Title and that is not at all what I want.
Also, I want to do this in Google Sites and as simply as possible. I don't really want to use a database. I was hoping Google Sites would have some kind of funcionality for this.
I don't believe this is possible (on Google Sites) and likely you need to consider a hosted solution.
Quoting the answer from this relevant post:
You should consider hosting your solution using Google's App Engine
instead of Google Sites. You can set it up so it uses PHP (see link
below), you can configure it to use your domain name and you get
enough CPU, disk and bandwidth allowance to serve around five million
page views for free each month, if you are serving more than that,
their prices are extremely competitive.
Google App Engine:
http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/whatisgoogleappengine.html How
to setup PHP using Google App Engine: http://blog.caucho.com/?p=187
Also I'm not sure how your PHP skills are but if you're unfamiliar with it then this should help to get you started.
I am working on a site that have an international aim; I.o.w., logged in users can add text in their own language. I am hoping for international page names and content.
An URL example, like the Japanese Wikipedia: http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/メインページ (Both pagename and content text).
I know by using UTF-8, I can do this, but how should I control it?
UTF-8 contains way to many languages/letters to control in a script, I guess, so how safe/unsafe is it to allow people to add UTF-8 text?
I can see that someone could add harmful code this way, but how to prevent it?
All information regarding safety/control when using UTF-8 is appreciated!
EDIT: PS! I use PHP and MySQL.
Warning: perhaps a slightly rusty response:
Note: not discussing host name (IDNS) issues.
The only completely safe thing here is to use %-escaped UTF-8. Some browsers will display this as what you want, and some will display the %-escapes. (e.g. http://foo.bar/%ee%cc%cf.html)
If you put 'real UTF-8' in the URLs, many things will work, but there may be unpleasant surprises lurking for some people in some browsers. I'm reading your question as dealing with 100% static content. If you are trying to do this with code behind the site, you have additional issues to work on.
The 'unpleasant surprises' would be (a) people finding the %xx's in the URL unreadable, (b) a browser that melts, (c) some data scraping or aggregating application that melts.
I wish I were more up to date on this, but I'm not, so my recommendation is to deploy a test site and then try to access it with everything you can put your hands on, including mobile phones. Persuade Google to index it, and see what happens there.
For domain names, this is called IDN. For page names, you may want to think of the possibility of IDN spoofs.
It's safe as long as you don't interpret it literally as SQL (SQL injection) or HTML (XSS) or any other language. Just escape any user-controlled input (request URL, request headers, request parameters, request body, etc..etc..) at the point it's going to be used in SQL or HTML.
It's unclear what server side programming language you're using, so I can't go further in detail.
I have a search engine that searches albums.
For each music album, I have a page.
So, the work flow goes like this:
People search for music titles
The search engine displays a list of albums.
People click on an album to go to a details page.
I want google to index my front page and the details page. I want the details page to be highly ranked. How can I build a sitemap for this?
By the way, I have about 5 million albums (but I want the top 1000 ones to be highly ranked on google)
You would not use a sitemap for that many results. You would want each album to appear as a page with a unique URI to reference that page. That way the search engine can crawl your site by crawling links since search bots cannot submit form data. Each of those URIs should be simple, meaning limited to this part of the URI syntax:
scheme://authority_segment/path
Program your web application to remove and throw away any extraneous data, such as query string or parameters. If you do this you have to be sure that you are watching for URI poisoning or SQL injection even through means of character encoding.
How can I build a sitemap for this?
By pulling the addresses out of your database and creating a XML file with a high priority for some selected pages. Somehow I think that isn’t your real question …
If I wanted to automate building a site map for a site like this, I'd employ Python. I'd pretty much write everything from the ground up (except the data store access). The format is quite simple.
I'm not sure I quite understand your question...