I'm trying to script something like this in Vim, and it's raising a series of questions for me. I'm sure it's possible.
Whenever I insert a number followed by a capital F, like 88F, I would like Vim to automatically convert that to 88°F (31°C) -- that is, expanding the expression but also converting Fahrenheit to Celsius.
What's the best way to trigger that sort of inline expansion? And the best way to run the calculation?
This is the refactoring of #kev’s answer that won’t force you to use <C-v>F and won’t touch any registers:
inoremap <expr> F ((col('.')>1 && getline('.')[col('.')-2]=~#'^\d$')?(printf(' °F (%d °C)', float2nr((matchstr(getline('.')[:(col('.')-2)], '\d\+$')-32)/1.8))):('F'))
Note that you must not use imap unless you know exactly why.
Update:
Assuming that you use dot as a decimal separator, do not use scientific notation or common (for programming languages) truncations like .1==0.1, 10.==10.0:
inoremap <expr> F ((col('.')>1 && getline('.')[col('.')-2]=~#'^\d$')?(printf(' °F (%.1g °C)', (str2float(matchstr(getline('.')[:(col('.')-2)], '\v\-?\d+(\.\d+)?$'))-32)/1.8)):('F'))
:imap F <ESC>ciw<C-R>=printf('%d°F (%d°C)', str2nr(#"), float2nr((str2nr(#")-32)/1.8))<CR>
It will expand 88F to 88°F (31°C) in insert-mode
note: if you want to type the character F, press Ctrl-VF.
Related
The m normal command accepts a letter just after it to set a "letter" mark.
I would like to create a similar command that works across tabs... But my problem is with the binding : Is there a simple way to bind for example M<letter> to a function or a command or should I manually repeat all the possibilities ?
As romainl has already said, no.
Covering this for good measure (and in case someone else comes along later), you can only practically map upper-case letters. As is outlined in the documentation, lower-case marks are only valid within a single file. Upper-case ones, that the Vim docs calls "file marks", are valid from anywhere. Unless you have some dark magic function to resolve ambiguous file marks, you probably only need a single for loop mapping the upper-case letters, if you're going with the brute-force option.
That said, there are a couple alternatives here as well.
As far as I know, the only "dynamic" bit of a command is a count (or a range, but unless you want to map characters to a number (and handle ranges and other fun stuff:tm:), I don't recommend this approach:
" The <C-U> is required for all uses. If you want a function,
" you'd need :<C-U>call YourFunction()<cr>
nnoremap M :<C-U>echom v:count<cr>
See also :h v:count, which states:
Note: the <C-U> is required to remove the line range that you get when typing ':' after a count.
You can then run 26M, decode v:count as Z, and then do whatever fancy lookup from there.
The second alternative, and the one proposed by romainl and by far the most used one in cases like this (source: experience and lots of code browsing), is using a for loop to brute-force map letters:
for i in range(char2nr('A'), char2nr('Z'))
exec 'nnoremap M' . nr2char(i) ':echo "This is where the appropriate function call goes"<cr>'
endfor
Which produces all 26 mappings.
And the final approach is abusing getchar(). This means a single mapping, but at the expense of doing additional processing:
func! Func()
let c = getchar()
echo c
" Character processing (the `echo` isn't required) here
endfunc
nnoremap M :call Func()<cr>
You can decide which works for you, but I strongly suggest preferring option 2, as this gives you map timeouts and clear definitions, and more obvious conflict detection.
I found that I often do refactor:
def function(param1, param2, (...), paramK):
to
def function(
param1,
param2,
(...),
paramK,
):
And tried to write mapping for it.
I started with
command! Split normal! qqqf(a<cr><esc>qqf s<cr><esc>#qq#qf)i<cr><esc>
qqq - reset content of macro q.
f(a<cr><esc> - find bracket, make newline and return to normal mode.
qq - start to record macro q.
f s<cr><esc> - change space to newline.
#q - run macro recursively.
q#q - end recording and run.
f)i<cr><esc> - add last newline before closing bracket.
My idea was, that macro will fail when it won't find space, but something is wrong with that. It raised some questions.
1) How can I check if some motion succeed? e.g. How to check if there is a space in current line?
2) Is there better idea to achieve what I want? Maybe some plugin or clear function?
3) What is wrong with my idea? When I run this combination from hand it works, but while calling :Split it doesn't.
Regarding why it doesn't work quite like it does when you type it manually:
When you type normal! <esc>, Vim parses this as "type the letters <, e, s, c, >". You might be able to insert a literal escape key there by typing <c-v><esc>, but that can look a bit weird in the configuration. Instead, a better way is to use the :exe command (:help :exe):
exe "normal! \<esc>"
The \<esc> gets interpolated by the string to be a literal escape key. So, the exe "normal! ..." gets translated to an invocation to normal! with the keys you're looking for. You also need to escape <cr> the same way. I'd also use \<space> instead of , I'm not entirely sure if a normal space is going to work here. After that, hopefully, you should get the same results as when you type it manually.
As for the actual problem you're trying to solve, I do have a plugin for that: splitjoin. By default, it splits your example like this:
def function(param1,
param2,
(...),
paramK):
pass
But there's a setting you can change to adjust it to your liking. Alternatively, from Jordan Running's link, it seems you could also use the argwrap plugin, which might be more reliable for argument-splitting in particular (splitjoin handles a wider variety of cases, but maybe doesn't do as good with arguments? Not sure.)
Answers:
I don't understand the question. You can search for spaces with f or with the / syntax. Why do you want to do this?
Yes. See below.
The vimrc syntax is super different from normal vim syntax. I don't know why and I don't fully understand it.
Code:
nnoremap <C-r> :s/, */,\r /g<cr>:s/)/\r)<cr>:nohl<cr>
remaps ctrl+r to search for a comma followed by 0 or more spaces and replace that with a comma, newline, and tab. then searches for ) and replaces that with newline and ). then undoes the highlighting it just did.
To enter a literal tab instead of 4 spaces, you'll have to type CtrlVtab in place of the 4 spaces you see in the command
Note: I'm currently using Neovim v0.2.2 (But I believe this shouldn't change anything related this post)
I'm currently attempting to create a function within vim that allows for easily replacing text.
I understand I can create a shortcuts and macros and all that, but ideally I just want to give 2 args, and not think about what specifics go where as this can interupt my thought process.
So I decided to just have a simple wrapper disguised as a function (Which I will create a command wrapper for as well, once I figure out what I did wrong here)
function! VisualReplace(query, replacement)
" Example = '<,'>s/query\%V/replacement/g
'<,'>s/a:query\%V/a:replacement/g
endfunction
As you can see, it's a very simple function that just applies the args in it's respective position, Yet, this fails even when called as a function using : call VisualReplace('some_query', 'some_replacement'
Alternatively, if you simply use the Example I have commented out directly, there's no issue, So I was hoping someoen could enlighten me on a potential fix
If need be, I could possibly look into string building & build it incrementally
Error msg:
Pattern not found: a:query\%V
General theory
Vimscript is evaluated exactly like the Ex commands typed in the : command-line. There were no variables in ex, so there's no way to specify them. When typing a command interactively, you'd probably use <C-R>= to insert variable contents:
:sleep <C-R>=timetowait<CR>m<CR>
... but in a script, :execute must be used. All the literal parts of the Ex command must be quoted (single or double quotes), and then concatenated with the variables:
execute 'sleep' timetowait . 'm'
Your function
In order to get the a:query and a:replacement arguments into :substitute, use :execute and either string concatenation or printf():
function! VisualReplace(query, replacement)
execute "'<,'>s/" . a:query . '\%V/' . a:replacement . '/g'
endfunction
Additional critique
Passing a range to a function is so common, there's special syntactic sugar for it: The range attribute to :function, and a:firstline and a:lastline implicit arguments. Read more about it at :help function-range-example. While your use case here seems to be specifically for visual mode, in general it's useful to keep the scope of functions as broad as possible.
#Ingo Karkat answered perfectly. However, I feel like there might be some workflow alternatives which might help. (Assuming you aren't trying to script this behavior)
Visual Star
It looks like you are build a search based on a visual section. You may want to consider using a visual-star plugin to simplify the process. Here is a an example of a visual star mapping:
xnoremap * :<c-u>let #/=#"<cr>gvy:let [#/,#"]=[#",#/]<cr>/\V<c-r>=substitute(escape(#/,'/\'),'\n','\\n','g')<cr><cr>
This mapping will allow you to visually select text and then execute * to make it a search pattern. Similar to how * works in normal mode on the current word.
Search refining
I get the impression that you are trying to refine your search pattern. Vim has a nice way of doing this with q/ or pressing <c-f> while searching with /. See :h q/. This will bring up the command-line window which will allow you to edit the query/command-line with all your normal Vim keys.
Search and Replace with gn motion
Sometimes doing a substitution is just overkill or doesn't quite fit the situation right. You can mimic a search and replace by using the gn motion to operate on a search pattern. By using an operator and the gn motion together you can use the dot command, ., to repeat the action easily.
Example:
/foo
cgnbar<esc>
Now you can use . to repeat the foo -> bar replacement. Use n to skip. You can use other operators as well, e.g. gU to uppercase.
See :h gn and :h operator for more help.
Related Vimcasts episodes:
Refining search patterns with the command-line window
Operating on search matches using gn
Search for the selected text
In vim I frequently find myself wanting to append a suffix to an identifier in my source code, and to then repeat it on other identifiers using '.'.
i.e. to transform:
foo bar baz faz
to:
foo_old bar_old baz_old faz_old
I would like to be able to do:
ea_old<ESC>w.w.w.
instead of:
ea_old<ESC>wea_old<ESC>wea_old<ESC>wea_old<ESC>
In other words, I want appending text to the end of a word to appear as a repeatable command in the history. Anyone know how to do this?
I can do:
nmap <C-a> ea
to create a slightly more convenient way to append at the end of a word, but it only repeats the "a". Ideally I want to be able to repeat the whole "eaarbitrarytext" sequence.
I have the repeat.vim plugin installed and tinkered a bit, but I don't really know what I'm doing in vimscript.
Clarifying the requirement: I want to be able to jump around using arbitrary movement commands until my cursor is somewhere on the identifier, and then hit "." to repeat the appending of a suffix. The above example is intended to be a special case.
ea_oldESCe.e.e. should work for you.
Another possible solution would be to use the c flag on a search and replace command:
:.s/\<[[:alnum:]]\+\>/&_old/gc
Then all you have to do is press y to confirm each replacement. This would be faster if you have a lot of replacements to do and want to confirm each one manually. If, on the other hand, you want to add _old to every word on a line, you can remove the c:
:.s/\<[[:alnum:]]\+\>/&_old/g
My guess is that the OP took a very simple example to illustrate a more generic problem that can be re-formulated as "I would like to repeat an arbitrarily big sequence of commands very easily".
And for that, there is the q command. Pick your favourite register for recording, say "q", then:
qq -- starts recording
(do any complicated set of actions here...)
q -- stops the ercording
#q -- plays back the recording
And as I am myself using this very often when programming, I ended up mapping the actions above to F2, F3 and F4 respectively on my keyboard. This allows to repeat your set of actions in really 1 key stroke. In .vimrc:
nmap <F2> qq
nmap <F3> q
nmap <F4> #q
For this specific case, you can use search and replace: s/ /_old /g.
in vim, with
gUw
make the word uppercase, with
guw
make the word lowercase.
how I can convert in one map the upper to lower and the lower to upper?
If you're trying to invert case, you can use ~. Normally this works only on the selection (e.g. visual mode), but if you want it to be more useful, then :set tildeop so you can do ~w or whatever movement command you like.
You can use the tilde operator with global commands too: g~w
The advantage being, that you can then use the . operator to repeat the operation :)