p4 sync to an alternate location - perforce

I am writing a build script that gets all the source code for a particular changelist and builds it. I would like to be able to run the script at any time, without having to shelve local changes or move files to a temporary location. The script will be used by others who have their own workspaces defined.
I thought it would be easiest just to get all the source code from Perforce at a temporary location and build from there. Unfortunately p4 sync does not seem to support this, it will only put files into the client view as specified by the workspace, meaning it would overwrite local changes before I could copy the files to the temporary location.
Is there any way to use p4 to copy files from Perforce into an arbitrary location?

You could create a dedicated workspace for the build script and then have the build script sync to it by using
p4 -c [workspace name] sync [depot path]
This is what a continuous build system would typically do. Be sure to blank out the Host: section of the workspace spec in this case so that it can be used on multiple systems.
An alternative might be to use p4 print with the -o option to dump the files to an arbitrary location without syncing them.

P4 sync can be done only to a client spec. Possibly, you need to create another client spec and sync to that client spec.

Related

How can I synchronize(submit) my local folder with depot, when I have lots of redundant files deleted manually from workspace,

I have never used P4 version control system before, and just come across with following problem:
I was submitted a project to server with lots of redundant files and have been working on the project actively. Now I have my project working and clean, and want to synchronize with depot. The problem is that I have deleted lots of files manually in windows file explorer(from my workspace),ignoring the rules of p4(mark for deletion, submit etc.).
How can I synchronize my project with depot? With another word, how can I delete files from depot that I have manually deleted from local folder, which are not shown in "workspace" tab.
Run the command:
p4 reconcile
This will automatically scan your entire workspace for added/deleted/modified/renamed files and open them for the appropriate actions. Once you've run reconcile you can just p4 submit as normal, and everything you did in your workspace should get submitted to the depot.
If you're using P4V, I think there's a "Reconcile..." menu command that will do something similar.

Getting Perforce client workspace handling automated

I am trying to automate access to Perforce via it's command line utility.
Creating a new client workspace with p4 client and syncing works ok.
Now I am allowing users to overwrite user, host, port, stream, revision.
From the docs it is not clear to me when I have to execute which commands to get the client workspace files in sync with an edited client workspace spec.
What I currently do is once p4 client is through search for
Client mymachine not changed
in stdout and do a p4 sync -f should the message not appear.
Is there a better or more sane way to do this?
I tried executing e.g. p4 sync -s in hope that it would fail should local data be deleted but it seems that I misunderstood the option?
It is not clear to me how this relates to your question about workspaces:
Now I am allowing users to overwrite user, host, port, stream,
revision.
since only one of those is a property of a workspace. I'm going to disregard that statement for now but if it was significant I'd encourage you to post a follow-up clarifying what you mean by "overwriting" each of these properties.
To your question:
From the docs it is not clear to me when I have to execute which
commands to get the client workspace files in sync with an edited
client workspace spec.
If the client View is updated, all you need to do is:
p4 sync
If the client Root is updated, or any of the other options that globally affect how files are written to the workspace, such as allwrite or modtime, you will need to re-sync the entire client. Ideally this is done by doing:
p4 sync #none
prior to changing the workspace in one of these ways. The other option would be to do something like the following sequence:
p4 sync #none
p4 sync
p4 clean
to make sure that everything is rewritten, and that any stragglers (e.g. anything that the "sync #none" couldn't locate because the Root had changed but that are still mapped in the client view) are removed from the workspace.
I tried executing e.g. p4 sync -s in hope that it would fail should
local data be deleted but it seems that I misunderstood the option?
Deleting local data is a separate issue from editing the client spec, but for that the command you want is p4 clean rather than p4 sync -- you use sync to tell the server you want it to send you new revisions, you use clean to bring your workspace back in line with what the server already sent you.
The recommended/supported workflow is to always use p4 commands to manipulate the read-only files in your workspace -- so if you want to delete a local file, use either p4 sync FILE#none (to remove it from your workspace but not affect the depot) or p4 delete FILE (to open it for delete so that it will be deleted for everyone when you submit).

What is the relationship between workspace and working directory

I've been reading about Perforce but haven't found any comprehensive explanation of relationship between workspace and working directory, e.g. how files appear in working directory from workspace, how they are tracked, what inconsistencies are possible between workspace files and working directory files etc.
I come from git background, and so I'm looking for the description of workspace and working directory interaction similar to index and working directory interaction in git.
For comprehensive information, the full Perforce documentation is available online. But here's a basic summary of the terms and concepts:
Perforce is a client-server system. The server tracks changes to files. Developers perform modifications to files using copies of those files on their machines, arrange those modifications into units called changelists, and submit those changelists to the server when they are ready.
All information about files is stored on the server. A client, or workspace, is a set of configuration data about a single copy of versioned files stored on a developer's workstation. For each workspace, the server keeps track of: which files are currently sync'd to that workspace, which pending changelists are being constructed, which user is using those files, in which directory on which computer the workspace resides, etc.
Getting a copy of versioned files into your workspace is called sync; submitting a new changelist with new file versions is called submit. As other users submit modifications of files, your workspace gradually becomes out of date; to bring it up to date you issue the sync command, possibly followed by the resolve command to merge newly-submitted changes to files you have been editing.
There isn't an exact analog of the git index construct. Modified files are copied from the developer's workspace on their workstation to the server by the submit command, and then are stored permanently in the server's archives. A somewhat different workflow is available in Perforce called a shelf. You can construct a changelist with modifications, and then use the shelve command to store that pending changelist on the server in shelved state. Pending and shelved changelists have several similarities to the way that git add allows you to assemble a commit prior to committing it, but there are also a number of differences, starting with the fact that Perforce tracks that information on the server, not in the client.
Perfore does not really have the concept of the "index/staging area" that Git does. Files only exist within the Perforce server (the depot) or in your local working directory.
The workspace is just a bundle of configuration data that tells Perforce what files to put where in your local environment.
It is effectively a "binding" that specifies what files to select from the depot and where to place them in your working directory. This flexibility can be incredibly useful in some circumstances, but it is also an extra level of indirection compared to other VCS's such as Git/Mercurial/Subversion.
If you look at the contents of a workspace definition you will see a "Root:" section that points to a location on your local machine, and a "View:" section that tells Perforce what files you want synced to that location.
The Perforce documentation is a bit confusing with regards to its terminology. In the docs I've seen, "Workspace" refers to BOTH the specific workspace definition that you create (which is a data structure held within the Perforce server) AND the local working directory that the workspace is bound to, fairly interchangably. This is because the whole point of a workspace is to bind to a specific local working directory.
Take a look at example 15 here: Managing files and changelists
The output of the p4 sync command shows that it is writing files to the C: drive. When you "retrieve files from the depot into your client workspace" that DOES actually mean that files get copied into your local working directory.
Let's take a workspace definition for example. The key fields for this explanation are Client, Root, and View, so I'll only show those for clarity:
Client: mysimpleclient
Root: /Users/johndough/myspecialproject
View:
//depot/foo/... //mysimpleclient/...
The Client field defines the name of the workspace. The Root field defines the root of the workspace on the local filesystem. The View field describes how files from the server will be mapped to your workspace files. (This adds some flexibility when compared to Git, but at the cost of a bit of a learning curve). I've used a very simple mapping here, but this could be a lot more complex.
Let's break down the View field. Let's say the server has a file //depot/foo/bar.txt.
When you sync (get latest revision) of this file, Perforce will use the view line to determine where the file lands on your filesystem.
Here is our view again:
//depot/foo/... //mysimpleclient/...
The left side is in depot syntax, the right side is in workspace syntax, and it always starts with //workspace_name. The "..." is a recursive wildcard (kind of like ** with globbing). You can mentally replace the workspace name with the value of the root, to make sense of this.
Remember our root is: /Users/johndough/myspecialproject
So, after replacing "//mysimpleclient" with that value we arrive to:
//depot/foo/... /Users/johndough/myspecialproject/...
Let's use that modified view line to figure out where bar.txt will end up:
//depot/foo/bar.txt /Users/johndough/myspecialproject/bar.txt
This is how it works when you pull files down. When you add new files, the mapping is read in reverse. Let's say you create a file /Users/johndough/myspecialproject/fred/file.txt
Our (mentally modified) view is:
//depot/foo/... /Users/johndough/myspecialproject/...
We interpret this in reverse. Concatenate the relative path of the new file with the root of the workspace:
/Users/johndough/myspecialproject/fred/file.txt
And then do the same for the left side:
//depot/foo/fred/file.txt
Putting it altogether:
//depot/foo/fred/file.txt /Users/johndough/myspecialproject/fred/file.txt
Hopefully this helps. The notion of workspaces is probably the most difficult aspect of getting started with Perforce. Happy coding!

What is the safest method to bring a perforce client in a clean state?

I am new to perforce and trying to understand the following:
I would like to keep a debug client in my workspace. The idea is, before checking in anything in the main code depot, I would like to bring the CL in my debug client and run some qualification or regression to make sure that I'm not breaking anything. So, I want my debug client to always mirror the main code-repo.
Is "p4 sync -f" enough to ensure that- assuming that I don't have any opened (p4 edit/open/add etc) file in my debug client? Will force sync also overwrite the locally edited files (not p4 edit) ?
"p4 sync -f" will force all of the depot files to be downloaded to your client, but it won't remove files from your client that aren't in the depot. I would recommend using "p4 clean" instead (your server needs to be at version 2014.1 or higher -- if you're on an older server you can script an equivalent but it's a few extra steps).
I.e. do:
p4 sync ...
p4 clean ...
to make sure you have an up to date clean copy of everything in the current directory.

Perforce Batch Script

Hi I am trying to write a batch script that copies same set of configuration files from one application in depot to another application (trigger for copying those files once checked into first application). The idea in my mind is:
Add files from first application to client using p4 add
use p4 copy
p4 submit
Is this the right approach? Please help. Please provide any sample scripts available.
After trying for sometime, I was able to figure it out. The method I used is
create a new workspace
sync the files to workspace
copy the files using p4 copy and
submit the changes.

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