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I have a large text file looking like:
....
sdsdsd
..........
asdfhjgjksdfk dfkaskk sdkfk skddkf skdf sdk ssaaa akskdf sdksdfsdf ksdf sd kkkkallwow.
sdsdllla lsldlsd lsldlalllLlsdd asdd. sdlsllall asdsdlallOEFOOASllsdl lsdlla.
slldlllasdlsd.ss;sdsdasdas.
......
ddss
................
asdfhjgjksdfk ddjafjijjjj.dfsdfsdfsdfsi dfodoof ooosdfow oaosofoodf aosolflldlfl , dskdkkfkdsa asddf;akkdfkdkk . sdlsllall asdsdlallOEFOOASllsdl lsdlla.
slldlllasdlsd.ss;sdsdasdas.
.....
xxxx
.......
asdfghjkl
I want to split the text files into multiple small text files and save them as .txt in my system on occurences of ..... [multiple period markers] saved like
group1_sdsdsd.txt
....
sdsdsd
..........
asdfhjgjksdfk dfkaskk sdkfk skddkf skdf sdk ssaaa akskdf sdksdfsdf ksdf sd kkkkallwow.
sdsdllla lsldlsd lsldlalllLlsdd asdd. sdlsllall asdsdlallOEFOOASllsdl lsdlla.
slldlllasdlsd.ss;sdsdasdas.
group1_ddss.txt
ddss
................
asdfhjgjksdfk ddjafjijjjj.dfsdfsdfsdfsi dfodoof ooosdfow oaosofoodf aosolflldlfl , dskdkkfkdsa asddf;akkdfkdkk . sdlsllall asdsdlallOEFOOASllsdl lsdlla.
slldlllasdlsd.ss;sdsdasdas.
and
group1_xxxx.txt
.....
xxxx
.......
asdfghjkl
I have figured that by usinf regex of sort of following can be done
txt =re.sub(r'(([^\w\s])\2+)', r' ', txt).strip() #for letters more than 2 times
but not able to figure out completely.
The saved text files should be named as group1_sdsdsd.txt , group1_ddss.txt and group1_xxxx.txt [group1 being identifier for the specific big text file as I have multiple bigger text files and need to do same on all to know which big text file i am splitting.
If you want to get the parts with multiple dots only on the same line, you can use and get the separate parts, you might use a pattern like:
^\.{3,}\n(\S+)\n\.{3,}(?:\n(?!\.{3,}\n\S+\n\.{3,}).*)*
Explanation
^ Start of string
\.{3,}\n Match 3 or more dots and a newline
(\S+)\n Capture 1+ non whitespace chars in group 1 for the filename and match a newline
\.{3,} Match 3 or more dots
(?: Non capture group to repeat as a whole part
\n Match a newline
(?!\.{3,}\n\S+\n\.{3,}) Negative lookahead, assert that from the current position we are not looking at a pattern that matches the dots with a filename in between
.* Match the whole line
)* Close the non capture group and optionally repeat it
Then you can use re.finditer to loop the matches, and use the group 1 value as part of the filename.
See a regex demo and a Python demo with the separate parts.
Example code
import re
pattern = r"^\.{3,}\n(\S+)\n\.{3,}(?:\n(?!\.{3,}\n\S+\n\.{3,}).*)*"
s = ("....your data here")
matches = re.finditer(pattern, s, re.MULTILINE)
your_path = "/your/path/"
for matchNum, match in enumerate(matches, start=1):
f = open(your_path + "group1_{}".format(match.group(1)), 'w')
f.write(match.group())
f.close()
After looking all over the Internet, I've come to this.
Let's say I have already made a text file that reads:
Hello World
Well, I want to remove the very last character (in this case d) from this text file.
So now the text file should look like this: Hello Worl
But I have no idea how to do this.
All I want, more or less, is a single backspace function for text files on my HDD.
This needs to work on Linux as that's what I'm using.
Use fileobject.seek() to seek 1 position from the end, then use file.truncate() to remove the remainder of the file:
import os
with open(filename, 'rb+') as filehandle:
filehandle.seek(-1, os.SEEK_END)
filehandle.truncate()
This works fine for single-byte encodings. If you have a multi-byte encoding (such as UTF-16 or UTF-32) you need to seek back enough bytes from the end to account for a single codepoint.
For variable-byte encodings, it depends on the codec if you can use this technique at all. For UTF-8, you need to find the first byte (from the end) where bytevalue & 0xC0 != 0x80 is true, and truncate from that point on. That ensures you don't truncate in the middle of a multi-byte UTF-8 codepoint:
with open(filename, 'rb+') as filehandle:
# move to end, then scan forward until a non-continuation byte is found
filehandle.seek(-1, os.SEEK_END)
while filehandle.read(1) & 0xC0 == 0x80:
# we just read 1 byte, which moved the file position forward,
# skip back 2 bytes to move to the byte before the current.
filehandle.seek(-2, os.SEEK_CUR)
# last read byte is our truncation point, move back to it.
filehandle.seek(-1, os.SEEK_CUR)
filehandle.truncate()
Note that UTF-8 is a superset of ASCII, so the above works for ASCII-encoded files too.
Accepted answer of Martijn is simple and kind of works, but does not account for text files with:
UTF-8 encoding containing non-English characters (which is the default encoding for text files in Python 3)
one newline character at the end of the file (which is the default in Linux editors like vim or gedit)
If the text file contains non-English characters, neither of the answers provided so far would work.
What follows is an example, that solves both problems, which also allows removing more than one character from the end of the file:
import os
def truncate_utf8_chars(filename, count, ignore_newlines=True):
"""
Truncates last `count` characters of a text file encoded in UTF-8.
:param filename: The path to the text file to read
:param count: Number of UTF-8 characters to remove from the end of the file
:param ignore_newlines: Set to true, if the newline character at the end of the file should be ignored
"""
with open(filename, 'rb+') as f:
last_char = None
size = os.fstat(f.fileno()).st_size
offset = 1
chars = 0
while offset <= size:
f.seek(-offset, os.SEEK_END)
b = ord(f.read(1))
if ignore_newlines:
if b == 0x0D or b == 0x0A:
offset += 1
continue
if b & 0b10000000 == 0 or b & 0b11000000 == 0b11000000:
# This is the first byte of a UTF8 character
chars += 1
if chars == count:
# When `count` number of characters have been found, move current position back
# with one byte (to include the byte just checked) and truncate the file
f.seek(-1, os.SEEK_CUR)
f.truncate()
return
offset += 1
How it works:
Reads only the last few bytes of a UTF-8 encoded text file in binary mode
Iterates the bytes backwards, looking for the start of a UTF-8 character
Once a character (different from a newline) is found, return that as the last character in the text file
Sample text file - bg.txt:
Здравей свят
How to use:
filename = 'bg.txt'
print('Before truncate:', open(filename).read())
truncate_utf8_chars(filename, 1)
print('After truncate:', open(filename).read())
Outputs:
Before truncate: Здравей свят
After truncate: Здравей свя
This works with both UTF-8 and ASCII encoded files.
In case you are not reading the file in binary mode, where you have only 'w' permissions, I can suggest the following.
f.seek(f.tell() - 1, os.SEEK_SET)
f.write('')
In this code above, f.seek() will only accept f.tell() b/c you do not have 'b' access. then you can set the cursor to the starting of the last element. Then you can delete the last element by an empty string.
with open(urfile, 'rb+') as f:
f.seek(0,2) # end of file
size=f.tell() # the size...
f.truncate(size-1) # truncate at that size - how ever many characters
Be sure to use binary mode on windows since Unix file line ending many return an illegal or incorrect character count.
with open('file.txt', 'w') as f:
f.seek(0, 2) # seek to end of file; f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) is legal
f.seek(f.tell() - 2, 0) # seek to the second last char of file; f.seek(f.tell()-2, os.SEEK_SET) is legal
f.truncate()
subject to what last character of the file is, could be newline (\n) or anything else.
This may not be optimal, but if the above approaches don't work out, you could do:
with open('myfile.txt', 'r') as file:
data = file.read()[:-1]
with open('myfile.txt', 'w') as file:
file.write(data)
The code first opens the file, and then copies its content (with the exception of the last character) to the string data. Afterwards, the file is truncated to zero length (i.e. emptied), and the content of data is saved to the file, with the same name.
This is basically the same as vins ms's answer, except that it doesn't use the os package, and that is used the safer 'with open' syntax. This may not be recommended if the text file is huge. (I wrote this since none of the above approaches worked out too well for me in python 3.8).
here is a dirty way (erase & recreate)...
i don't advice to use this, but, it's possible to do like this ..
x = open("file").read()
os.remove("file")
open("file").write(x[:-1])
On a Linux system or (Cygwin under Windows). You can use the standard truncate command. You can reduce or increase the size of your file with this command.
In order to reduce a file by 1G the command would be truncate -s 1G filename. In the following example I reduce a file called update.iso by 1G.
Note that this operation took less than five seconds.
chris#SR-ENG-P18 /cygdrive/c/Projects
$ stat update.iso
File: update.iso
Size: 30802968576 Blocks: 30081024 IO Block: 65536 regular file
Device: ee6ddbceh/4000177102d Inode: 19421773395035112 Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--) Uid: (1052727/ chris) Gid: (1049089/Domain Users)
Access: 2020-06-12 07:39:00.572940600 -0400
Modify: 2020-06-12 07:39:00.572940600 -0400
Change: 2020-06-12 07:39:00.572940600 -0400
Birth: 2020-06-11 13:31:21.170568000 -0400
chris#SR-ENG-P18 /cygdrive/c/Projects
$ truncate -s -1G update.iso
chris#SR-ENG-P18 /cygdrive/c/Projects
$ stat update.iso
File: update.iso
Size: 29729226752 Blocks: 29032448 IO Block: 65536 regular file
Device: ee6ddbceh/4000177102d Inode: 19421773395035112 Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--) Uid: (1052727/ chris) Gid: (1049089/Domain Users)
Access: 2020-06-12 07:42:38.335782800 -0400
Modify: 2020-06-12 07:42:38.335782800 -0400
Change: 2020-06-12 07:42:38.335782800 -0400
Birth: 2020-06-11 13:31:21.170568000 -0400
The stat command tells you lots of info about a file including its size.
In the following list of string i want to remove $$ or more with only one space.
eg- if i have $$ then one space character or if there are $$$$ or more then also only 1 space is to be replaced.
I am using the following regex but i'm not sure if it serves the purpose
regex_pattern = r"['$$']{2,}?"
Following is the test string list:
['1', 'Patna City $$$$ $$$$$$$$View Details', 'Serial No:$$$$5$$$$ $$$$Deed No:$$$$5$$$$ $$$$Token No:$$$$7$$$$ $$$$Reg Year:2020', 'Anil Kumar Singh Alias Anil Kumar$$$$$$$$Executant$$$$$$$$Late. Harinandan Singh$$$$$$$$$$$$Md. Shahzad Ahmad$$$$$$$$Claimant$$$$$$$$Late. Md. Serajuddin', 'Anil Kumar Singh Alias Anil Kumar', 'Executant', 'Late. Harinandan Singh', 'Md. Shahzad Ahmad', 'Claimant', 'Late. Md. Serajuddin', 'Circle:Patna City Mauja: $$$$ $$$$Khata : na$$$$ $$$$Plot :2497 Area(in Decimal):1.5002 Land Type :Res. Branch Road Land Value :1520000 MVR Value :1000000', 'Circle:Patna City Mauja: $$$$ $$$$Khata : na$$$$ $$$$Plot :2497 Area(in Decimal):1.5002 Land Type :Res. Branch Road Land Value :1520000 MVR Value :1000000']
About
I am using the following regex but i'm not sure if it serves the
purpose
The pattern ['$$']{2,}? can be written as ['$]{2,}? and matches 2 or more chars being either ' or $ in a non greedy way.
Your pattern currently get the right matches, as there are no parts present like '' or $'
As the pattern is non greedy, it will only match 2 chars and will not match all 3 characters in $$$
You could write the pattern matching 2 or more dollar signs without making it non greedy so the odd number of $ will also be matched:
regex_pattern = r"\${2,}"
In the replacement use a space.
Is this what you need?:
import re
for d in data:
d = re.sub(r'\${2,}', ' ', d)
I have a string look like this:
string=""
( 2021-07-10 01:24:55 PM GMT )TEST
---
Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across
a net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of
the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two
players per side).
( 2021-07-10 01:27:55 PM GMT )PATRICKWARR
---
Good morning, I am doing well. And you?
---
---
* * *""
I am trying to split the String up into parts as:
text=['Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a
shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with larger teams,
the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per
side) and "doubles" (with two players per side).','Good morning, I am
doing well. And you?']
What I have tried as:
text=re.findall(r'\( \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2} PM GMT \)\w+ [\S\n]--- .*',string)
I'm not able get how to extract multiple lines.
You can use
(?m)^\(\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\s*[AP]M\s+GMT\s*\)\w+\s*\n---\s*\n(.*(?:\n(?!(?:\(\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\s*[AP]M\s+GMT\s*\)\w+\s*\n)?---).*)*)
See the regex demo. Details:
^ - start of line
{left_rx} - left boundary
--- - three hyphens
\s*\n - zero or more whitespaces and then an LF char
(.*(?:\n(?!(?:{left_rx})?---).*)*) - Group 1:
.* - zero or more chars other than line break chars as many as possible
(?:\n(?!(?:{left_rx})?---).*)* - zero or more (even empty, due to .*) lines that do not start with the (optional) left boundary pattern followed with ---
The boundary pattern defined in left_rx is \(\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\s*[AP]M\s+GMT\s*\)\w+\s*\n, it is basically the same as the original, I used \s* to match any zero or more whitespaces or \s+ to match one or more whitespaces between "words".
See the Python demo:
import re
text = '''string=""\n( 2021-07-10 01:24:55 PM GMT )TEST \n--- \nBadminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across\na net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of\nthe game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two\nplayers per side). \n \n \n\n \n\n( 2021-07-10 01:27:55 PM GMT )PATRICKWARR \n--- \nGood morning, I am doing well. And you? \n \n \n\n \n \n \n--- \n \n \n \n \n--- \n \n* * *""'''
left_rx = r"\(\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\s*[AP]M\s+GMT\s*\)\w+\s*\n"
rx = re.compile(fr"^{left_rx}---\s*\n(.*(?:\n(?!(?:{left_rx})?---).*)*)", re.M)
print ( [x.strip().replace('\n', ' ') for x in rx.findall(text)] )
Output:
['Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per side).', 'Good morning, I am doing well. And you?']
One of the approaches:
import re
# Replace all \n with ''
string = string.replace('\n', '')
# Replace the date string '( 2021-07-10 01:27:55 PM GMT )PATRICKWARR ' and string like '* * *' with ''
string = re.sub(r"\(\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2} [AP]M GMT\s*\)\w+|\*+", '', string)
data = string.split('---')
data = [item.strip() for item in data if item.strip()]
print (data)
Output:
['Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock acrossa net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms ofthe game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with twoplayers per side).', 'Good morning, I am doing well. And you?']
I have ldif file format and delimiter as empty line
dn: uid=12345,ab=users,xy=random
phone: 111
address: someaddress
email: true
username:abc
password:abc
dn: uid=12345,ab=users,xy=random
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
objectClass: top
phone: 111
address: someaddress
email: true
username:abcd
password:abcd
I want to write something like
data = (p
| 'Read File From GCS' >> beam.io.textio.ReadFromText('gs://my-ldif.ldiff', delimiter='\r\n')
)
But looks like there is no option to specify delimiter in python. Quoting from official docs, but does not say how to mention delimiters.
Parses a text file as newline-delimited elements, by default assuming UTF-8 encoding. Supports newline delimiters \n and \r\n.
I see this is present in java and can any one say if python supports delimiter or not?
PAssert.that(p.apply(TextIO.read().from(filename).withDelimiter(new byte[] {'|', '*'})))
.containsInAnyOrder(
"To be, or not to be: that |is the question: To be, or not to be: "
+ "that *is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer ",
"The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,|");
p.run();
You are correct: it is not yet possible in Python.
I found this open feature request ticket: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-12730. This would be a great starter task for someone interested in contributing to Beam!