Search & replace using quickfix list in Vim - search

Question

So far I always used EasyGrep for replacing text in multiple files. Unfortunately it is quite slow when a project gets bigger. One thing that seems to be amazingly fast is Ggrep of fugitive.vim that only search my version controlled files. All results are also stored in the quickfix list.
How can I use the results of Ggrep for doing a simple replace over all those found files? Is it somehow possible to use %s/foo/bar/cg on all files in the quickfix list or are there any better ways?

Answer 1

Update:
Vim now has cdo, see Sid's answer.
Original Answer:
Vim has bufdo, windo, tabdo and argdo, which let you perform the same command in all open buffers, windows or files in the argument list. What we really need is something like quickfixdo, which would invoke a command on every file in the quickfix list. Sadly, that functionality is lacking from Vim, but here's a solution by Al that provides a home-rolled solution. Using this, it would be possible to run:
:QFDo %s/foo/bar/gc
And that would run the foo/bar substitution on all files in the quickfix list.
The bufdo, windo, tabdo and argdo commands have some common behaviour. For example, if the current file can't be abandoned, then all of these commands will fail. I'm not sure if the QFDo command referenced above follows the same conventions.
I've adapted Al's solution to create a command called Qargs. Running this command populates the argument list with all of the files listed in the quickfix list:
command! -nargs=0 -bar Qargs execute 'args ' . QuickfixFilenames()
function! QuickfixFilenames()
" Building a hash ensures we get each buffer only once
let buffer_numbers = {}
for quickfix_item in getqflist()
let buffer_numbers[quickfix_item['bufnr']] = bufname(quickfix_item['bufnr'])
endfor
return join(values(buffer_numbers))
endfunction
Using this, you could follow these steps to do a project-wide search and replace:
:Ggrep findme
:Qargs
:argdo %s/findme/replacement/gc
:argdo update
Edit: (with a hat tip to Peter Rincker)
Or you could join the last 3 commands together in a single line:
:Ggrep findme
:Qargs | argdo %s/findme/replacement/gc | update

Answer 2

cdo command has now been added! After you grep, you can use cdo to execute the given command to each term in your quickfix list:
cdo %s/<search term>/<replace term>/cg
(Take a look at this git commit and this vim developers google group discussion for more information on cdo and the motivations behind adding it.)

Answer 3

nelstrom's answer is quite comprehensive and reflects his brilliant contributions to vimdom. It also goes a bit beyond what is strictly needed here; the quickfix step can be omitted in favor of populating args with the result of a shell command:
:args `git grep -l findme`
:argdo %s/findme/replacement/gc
:argdo update
should be all you need.
Edit: as Domon notes, :set hidden must be done first if it's not already set!

Answer 4

Using quickfix-reflector.vim, you can edit your search results in the quickfix window. The write command will then save the changes to your files.
:copen
:%s/foo/bar/cg
:write

Answer 5

External grep
(uses grepprg, grepformat like in makeprg/errorformat; if grepprg=='internal' this is identical to internal grep)
:grep fopen *.c
:copen
:cnext
Internal grep
:vimgrep /\<myVimregexp\>/ **/*.c
:copen
:cnext
etc.
Location list internal grep
:lvimgrep /\<myVimregexp\>/ **/*.c
:lopen
:lnext
etc.
Bonus: doing external grep for the loaded buffers:
:silent bufdo grepadd fstream %
:copen
:cnext
etc.
External for all arguments:
:silent argdo grepadd fstream %
:copen
:cnext

Answer 6

There's a patch to add the cdo (Quickfix do) command to vim, but it has not been pulled yet (as of 2015-03-25):
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/vim_dev/dfyt-G6SMec
You may want to patch vim yourself to get this patch:
brew install hg # install mercurial, e.g. with homebrew
hg clone https://vim.googlecode.com/hg/ vim
cd vim
# copy/download patch to . folder
patch -b -p1 < cdo.diff
./configure
make && make install