This is my question.
In vim editor I want to select all the words between double quotes through out the whole file and i want to replace the selected words by preceding that with gettext string. Please anybody tell me vim command to do this.
for ex:
if the file contains
printf("first string\n");
printf("second string\n");
After replacement my file should like this
printf(gettext("first string\n"));
printf(gettext("second string\n"));
You should be able to do:
s/\".\{-}\"/gettext\(\1\)/g
try this in vim:
:%s/\(".*"\)/gettext(\1)/g
Here \( and \) is being used to group the text and \1 is then used to put 1st backreference back along with gettext function.
in command mode:
:%s!"\([^"]*\)"!gettext("\1")!g
the % is for whole document, [^"]* for anything except quotes, and the g at the end for all occurence in the line (default is only the first one). The separator char can be anything not in the regexp... I often use ! rather than / (more convenient when dealing with path e.g.)
Related
How can I replace or delete words in VIM anything after
m/PH
Is so hard to use CTRL-v to delete them because I have tons of similar name from last point
My word structure in vim:
To answer your follow-up question
Is there any way Mr. To that without inside VIM ? ,. My file name is paragraph
if your file is named paragraph, the following sed command will do:
$ sed -i 's/\(m\/PH\).*/\1/' paragraph
If you mean the lines after the first occurence of m/PH then I would start a search from the first line to the first occurence and delete from this line on
:1;/m\/PH/,$ d
If you want to delete all characters in each line after m/PH then find this string, preserve it and "forget" anything else behind it
:%s/\(m\/PH\).*$/\1.
In the code below, I want to replace/remove the , from the line above .VSS(VSS).
It is at multiple places in the file. I have basic knowledge of gvim and I could not figure out how to just search and then pipe it with replace.
ANTENNABWP7THVT ANTENNABWP7THVT_spr_gate156 (
**.I(LTIELO_NET),
.VSS(VSS),**
.VDD(VDD));
Matching each line that contains .VSS(VSS) and doing something with it can be done with :global. You then want to address the line above it; that's a :help :range: .-1 (or short -1). And removal of a (all with the /g flag) comma can be done with plain :substitute. Taken together:
:global/\.VSS(VSS)/-1substitute/,//
In vi (from cygwin), when I do searching:
:%s/something
It just replaces the something with empty string like
:%s/something// .
I've googled for a while but nothing really mentions this. Is there anything I should add to the .vimrc or .exrc to make this work?
Thanks!
In vi and vim, when you search for a pattern, you can search it again by simply typing /. It is understood that the previous pattern has to be used when no pattern is specified for searching.
(Though, you can press n for finding next occurence)
Same way, when you give a source (pattern) and leave the replacement in substitute command, it assumes that the replacement is empty and hence the given pattern is replaced with no characters (in other words, the pattern is removed)
In your case, you should understand that % stand for whole file(buffer) and s for substitute. To search, you can simply use /, followed by a pattern. To substitute , you will use :s. You need not confuse searching and substituting. Hence, no need for such settings in ~/.exrc. Also, remember that / is enough to search the whole buffer and % isnt necessary with /. / searches the entire buffer implicitly.
You may also want to look at :g/Pattern/. Learn more about it by searching :help global or :help :g in command line.
The format of a substitution in vim is as follows:
:[range]s[ubstitute]/{pattern}/{string}/[flags] [count]
In your case you have omitted the string from the substitution command and here what vim documentation stated about it:
If the {string} is omitted the substitute is done as if it's empty.
Thus the matched pattern is deleted. The separator after {pattern}
can also be left out then. Example: >
:%s/TESTING This deletes "TESTING" from all lines, but only one per line.
For compatibility with Vi these two exceptions are allowed:
"/{string}/" and "\?{string}?" do the same as "//{string}/r".
"\&{string}&" does the same as "//{string}/".
E146
Instead of the '/' which surrounds the pattern and replacement string, you can
use any other single-byte character, but not an alphanumeric
character, '\', '"' or '|'. This is useful if you want to include a
'/' in the search pattern or replacement string. Example: >
:s+/+//+
In other words :%s/something and :%s;something or :%s,something have all the same behavior because the / ; and , in the last examples are considered only as SIMPLE SEPARATOR
I am a beginner at Vim and I've been reading about substitution but I haven't found an answer to this question.
Let's say I have some numbers in a file like so:
1
2
3
And I want to get:
(1)
(2)
(3)
I think the command should resemble something like :s:\d\+:........ Also, what's the difference between :s/foo/bar and :s:foo:bar ?
Thanks
Here is an alternative, slightly less verbose, solution:
:%s/^\d\+/(&)
Explanation:
^ anchors the pattern to the beginning of the line
\d is the atom that covers 0123456789
\+ matches one or more of the preceding item
& is a shorthand for \0, the whole match
Let me address those in reverse.
First: there's no difference between :s/foo/bar and :s:foo:bar; whatever delimiter you use after the s, vim will expect you to use from then on. This can be nice if you have a substitution involving lots of slashes, for instance.
For the first: to do this to the first number on the current line (assuming no commas, decimal places, etc), you could do
:s:\(\d\+\):(\1)
The \(...\) doesn't change what is matched - rather, it tells vim to remember whatever matched what is inside, and store it. The first \(...\) is stored in \1, the second in \2, etc. So, when you do the replacement, you can reference \1 to get the number back.
If you want to change ALL numbers on the current line, change it to
:s:\(\d\+\):(\1):g
If you want to change ALL numbers on ALL lines, change it to
:%s:\(\d\+\):(\1):g
You can do what you want with:
:%s/\([0-9]\)/(\1)/
%s means global search and replace, that is do the search/replace for every line in the file. the \( \) defines a group, which in turn is referenced by \1. So the above search and replace, finds all lines with a single digit ([0-9]), and replaces it with the matched digit surrounded by parentheses.
I always wanted to know, how you can substitute within given parameters.
If you have a line like this:
123,Hello,World,(I am, here), unknown
and you wnat to replace World with Foobar then this is an easy task: :%s/World/Foobar/
Now I wonder how I can get rid of a , which is wihtin the ( ).
Theoretically I just have to find the first occurance of ( then substitute the , with a blank until ).
Try lookahead and lookbehind assertions:
%s/([^)]*\zs,\ze.*)//
(\zs and \ze tell where pattern starts and end)
or
%s/\(([^)]*\)\#<=,\(.*)\)\#=//
The first one is more readable, the second one uses \( ... \) groupings with parentheses inside groups which makes it look like obfuscated, and \#<= which apart from being a nice ASCII-art duck is the lookbehind operator, and \#= that is the lookahead operator.
References: :help pattern (more detail at :help /\#=, :help /\ze, etc.)
You use the GUI and want to try those commands? Copy them into the clipboard and run :#+ inside Gvim.
Modifying slightly the answer of #Tom can give you a quite good and "a bit" more readable result :
%s/\(.*\)(\(.*\),\(.*\))\(.*\)/\1(\2\3)\4/
That way you will have : in \1 will store what is at the left outside of the parenthesis, \4 what is at the right outside of the parenthesis and \2 and \3 what is inside the parenthesis, respectively on the left (\2) and on the right (\3).
With that you can easily swap your elements if your file is organised as column.
You can also select the text you want to change (either with visual or visual-block modes) and enter the : to start the replace command. vi will automatically start the command with :'<,'> which applies the command to the selected area.
Replacing a , can be done with:
:'<,'>s/,/ /g
For your example, this is the same thing as suggested by #ubuntuguy
%s/\(.*\)(\(.*\),\(.*\)/\1(\2\3
This will do the exact replacement you want.
Yet another approach, based on the fact that actually you want to substitute only the first occurrence of , inside the parenthesis:
:%s#\((.\{-}\),#\1 #
Explanation:
:%s for substitution in the whole file (don't use % if you want to work only with the current line)
we can use # or : as a delimiter to make the command more readable
in (.\{-} we ask to find any symbol (dot) after the left parenthesis and the rest stands for 0 or more occurrence (as few as possible) of this symbol. This expression is put inside \(...\) to be able to refer to this group as \1 in the future.