I have just recently started running Linux on my PC and I am trying to start learning OpenGL. I am using the latest version of Eclipse CDT as my IDE, and my system is Ubuntu 10.10, 64 bit version.
The problem I am having is that whenever I try to run a build from within the IDE I get the error message "Launch Failed. Binary Not Found."
Ive done a lot of looking around on the internet but I still cant solve the problem. I know for a fact that the binary is built, it can be run from a terminal window. According to posts I have seen the problem is that Eclipse tries to run a 32 bit binary, but GCC 4.4.5 defaults to 64 bit binaries on a 64 bit system.
* Edit * This is where I gathered the above information
Ive seen a lot of information about using the -m32 flag in makefiles, but then I still get the following output in Eclipse:
make all
g++ -o HelloWorld2 main.o
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `main.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: final link failed: Invalid operation
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [HelloWorld2] Error 1
What I would like to know is how to either get Eclipse to launch the 64 bit binaries, or have Eclipse correctly compile 32 bit binaries.
(I was able to reproduce the error you describe, so my answer is based on 'reverse-engineering' the error).
In the eclipse projects pane, right-click the project and go to 'properties'. Under C/C++ Build -> Settings, click the Binary Parsers tab, and verify that Elf Parser is checked. (I am not sure if it needs to be the only checked parser).
Btw, you can verify the class of your binary file using readelf -h myBinary.o and looking at the Class field.
Regarding running the 32-bit binary, maybe this post is helpfull: http://stefaanlippens.net/32bit_executable_on_64bit_machine
Related
I have been attempting to link a MACHO formatted object file on Linux, but I have failed miserably. So far, I have created the object file by running:
nasm -fmacho -o machoh.o hello.o
I have tried linking using:
clang --target=x86_64-apple-darwin machoh.o
but that failed. I have attempted using GCC, LD, and other linkers but I have still failed miserably. Are there any ideas on how I could solve my problem?
Thank you very much.
The most accessible solution would be lld, the LLVM linker.
lld does not ship with clang, but is a separate package.
sudo apt install lld
If you installed a version of clang that isn't the default (e.g. clang-12 explicitly), then you should use the same version for lld (i.e. lld-12).
Get a MacOS SDK from somewhere. This GitHub repo archives them.
If you're uncomfortable using the above, the "legitimate" way of obtaining it without a Mac would be:
Create an Apple ID
Go to https://developer.apple.com/download/all/
Download the "Command Line Tools for Xcode <version>"
Mount or extract the dmg
Extract the XAR package
For each ".pkg" folder inside, run pbzx <Payload | cpio -i
Find the Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk inside.
Feed both of the above to clang:
clang --target=x86_64-apple-darwin -fuse-ld=lld --sysroot=path/to/MacOSX.sdk machoh.o
I have tried linking using: clang --target=x86_64-apple-darwin machoh.o
but that failed.
Failed how? Details matter.
Anyway, there are 3 commonly used linkers on Linux: BFD-ld, Gold, and (newest) LLD.
Of these, Gold is an ELF-only linker, and will not work for Mach-O.
BFD-ld is only configured to support a few emulations (use ld --help to see which ones) in my distribution. BFD does appear to support Mach-O, so it's probably possible to build a Linux BFD-ld cross-linker with such support.
LLD should support Mach-O out of the box, but you are probably not using LLD.
So your first step should be to figure out which linker clang --target=x86_64-apple-darwin ... uses, and then make it use the one which does support Mach-O.
i am new to stackflow and i previously i have no background in computer system and programming. However, now i need to run analysis under cygwin for my bioinformatics project. I encounter some error when i try to compile a file name 'zone_b.linux'using cygwin, to produce an executable program. The linux file is download from web https://github.com/haddocking/HADDOCK-binding-sites-tutorial/blob/master/ana_scripts/zone_b.linux. When i try to compile using the following command under cygwin it produce the following error:
$ gcc zone_b.linux
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/6.4.0/../../../libcygwin.a(libcmain.o): In
function `main':
/usr/src/debug/cygwin-2.9.0-3/winsup/cygwin/lib/libcmain.c:37: undefined
reference to `WinMain#16'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Error description
I search the following error under stackoverflow, and i found two post with similar problem.
First is the post from undefined reference to `WinMain#16'. It stated that the problem is due the Microsoft'linker uses a runtime library entry point(winMainCRTStartup) that calls Microsoft's non-standard WinMain instead of standard main. So, i try the post's suggestion of including the entry by following command
$ gcc zone_b.linux /entry:winMainCRTStartup
gcc: error: /entry:winMainCRTStartup: No such file or directory
However i get the error no such file or directory. I think maybe it is because i am running under cygwin not mingW.
Second post is the Undefined reference to WinMain in Cygwin. From the post, it said use -c compile flag to only produce object file. However, for my case, i am not using any -c. Therefore, i think it is not relevant to my issue.
I would appreciate if anyone could kindly explain to me since i am new to this computing area. Thank you.
zone_b.linux is the compiled and linked executable program to run on a linux machine. It is a 32-bit ELF binary file. It will not work on a Windows machine, even using cygwin or mingw32, without re-compulation.
You probably have to compile zone_b.f, a FORTRAN source file, using the gfortran compiler to create a zone_b.exe that is usable in cygwin. I saw no instructions for this, but try something like gcc zone_b.f and cross fingers. Be sure gfortran is installed using cygwin setup.
You will also need to (re-)build the other executables (cluster_struc and contact) by performing make in the ana_scripts directory. Any supplied executables (from the git clone ... or a downloaded .zip file) will not work under cygwin.
You will need to have perl and python installed. I think perl is installed by default. You can install python2 using cygwin setup. The python script looked like it will work with python2 or python3, whichever is the default. On cygwin, today, python2 is the default python. I don't do perl, so cross your fingers.
The newest publicly available tcpslice version 1.2a1 (found on its github) has a bug where it expects 8 bytes for a time field but gets 16 (when in 64 bit). This leads to the error:
tcpslice: problems finding end packet of file ./abc1234.bin
I got my info for this error from: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=485670
This led me to grab the updated version (1.2a3) from here and try compiling from source: http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/tcpdump/tcpslice-1.2a3.tar.gz/. I think this is or close to the actual patch
HOWEVER, I couldn't ./configure this on my mac because it says (understandably) this:
checking build system type... configure: error: cannot guess build type; you must specify one
Not one to give up, and becuase I don't wnat to switch over to linux to continue deveolping my wrapper script, I tried to compile like this:
./configure --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu
This configured and make'd!!! However, its 32 bit which still gives the same error when I run the newly made tcpdump!!
Is this possible at all, and what other --build type can I use that is for x86_64 bit systems? No other --build types are compiling for me. I have no idea how to find acceptable build types, and am currently referenceing this: https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.2/buildstat.html
EDIT: I tried Warren Young's suggestion here but libtoolize --force did not remake config.guess, so I manually downloaded the "newest" config.guess from the link on this page with curl. However, now ./configure says:
checking build system type... Invalid configuration `x86_64-apple-darwin15.4.0': machine `x86_64-apple' not recognized
configure: error: /bin/sh ./config.sub x86_64-apple-darwin15.4.0 failed
Am I screwed? Or can I sitll try a default x86_64 -build type (which I still cannot find):
checking build system type... Invalid configuration `x86_64': machine `x86_64' not recognized
configure: error: /bin/sh ./config.sub x86_64 failed
Welp, the answer was to manually download the newest config.guess and config.sub files from here: https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/config_002eguess.html and to overwrite the ones in the tcpslice directory.
However, the same problem still existed. There must be another reason the time issue is happening on the mac because this version of tcpslice worked fine on ubuntu on the same pcap.
Thanks to Warren Young's post in this question for guiding me in the right (though not successful) direction: Compiling tcpsplice on a 64-bit machine. Guess I'll be using ubuntu to finish my script!
I'm attempting to compile a relatively simple Fortran executable so that it can be passed around to other Windows users that don't have Cygwin (or something of the sort) installed, however, I'm unable to get the executable to operate as a standalone. I've tried gfortran -static file.f and gfortran -static-libgfortran file.f, however other users always encounter this error:
The program can’t start because cygwin1.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.
From what I've read online (e.g. here), the -static option should be sufficient. I have verified that running the executable from my machine (DOS prompt) does work.
I have gcc (gfortran) version 4.7.3. I should also point out this is my first attempt at compiling portable Fortran.
Update
After realizing that this isn't a gfortran-specific issue (thanks to replies here), searches led me to related posts here and here
This is partially explained in the Cygwin FAQ. The solution is to install the mingw64-i686-gcc-fortran package with its dependencies, and cross-compile your code with i686-w64-mingw32-gfortran -static.
Just package the cygwin1.dll along with your binary file (both in the same folder) then it will run just fine.
I have searched this but the questions I found are about getting the toolchain to work, my problem is that it works on all but a few directories. Also I am not building Linux.
I am trying to move a project from a Linux machine to Windows to make people happy. The same project builds fine under Linux (Ubuntu 12.04) using the Linux Binary for the same toolchain (I recently reloaded both toolchains from the same directory at Mentor to be sure, see details below).
I installed Cygwin, got the packages, set up paths, etc. In general the build works for 90% of the project BUT as make traverses the directory, it finds everything except two files (to clarify, these two are the first files in their respective directories, so I assume the problem will apply to the whole directory). The log below shows the first fail:
if I take lwip out of the build then it blows up on the next one
if I take the next one out of the build then everything else (quite a bit) compiles; then the linker fails on the two missing items as expected.
More precisely, e.g.
it finds /home/Nadi/project/version-2.9/external/freertos/Source/portable/GCC/ARM_CM3_MPU/port.c
but not /home/Nadi/project/version-2.9/external/lwip/src/api/api_lib.c
from the directory that I am running make, "ls" finds the file that the compiler cannot.
log:
$ make
external/freertos
external/lwip
[cc] Debug/api_lib.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe: error: /home/Nadi/project/version-2.9/external/lwip/src/api/api_lib.c: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe: fatal error: no input files compilation terminated.
Makefile:189: recipe for target `Debug/api_lib.o' failed
make[2]: *** [Debug/api_lib.o] Error 1
Makefile:37: recipe for target `lwip_world' failed
make[1]: *** [lwip_world] Error 2
Makefile:160: recipe for target `extern' failed
make: *** [extern] Error 2
Details:
GCC Chain : arm-none-eabi-gcc ; gcc version 4.7.2 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2012.09-63)
Cygwin : CYGWIN_NT-6.1-WOW64
Although it might not help in this particular case, I faced similar problem with CodeSourcery's gcc not recognising Cygwin's paths like /cygdrive/d/foo.c at all - installation of cygpath package and setting environment variable export CYGPATH=c:/cygwin32/bin/cygpath (or set CYGPATH=c:/cygwin32/bin/cygpath in windows console) solved all the issues.
Be sure to define path to cygpath executable in exactly same way as above, regardless of Cygwin or Windows console used.
The details of my previous comment is that you're in for a lot of trouble using the windows/cygwin combo with Sourcery based cross-compilers. You can read more about this at SamyGo. Some of the issues using Windows, presented in all gory detail there, are:
Uses ACL to set file permissions and ownership (Not Linux compatible.)
Has it's own way of creating symbolic links (Not Linux compatible.)
Uses a non case-sensitive default for its fixed NTFS drives.
(Often and silently break archives originally compressed under Linux.)
Uses the Win32 (non POSIX) standard for file paths (Not Linux compatible.)
Uses the 2 characters Carriage-Return and New-Line ("\r" & "\n") for
End-of-Line (EOL) representation, contrary to POSIX, which uses only NL.
So in order not to waste time doing 3rd party debugging, you'd be much better off building your own cross-compiler from scratch, as shown in the XDA links in that other post. Since the advent of Android's, this is no longer difficult.