redirecting to multiple virtual subdomains using htaccess - .htaccess

Question

I am trying to create subdomains via htaccess. The code below does exactly want I want
It takes http://domain.com and redirect it to http://www.domain.com
Options -Indexes
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.asp index.php
ErrorDocument 401 http://www.domain.com
ErrorDocument 403 http://www.domain.com
ErrorDocument 404 http://www.domain.com
ErrorDocument 500 http://www.domain.com
ErrorDocument 507 http://www.domain.com
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^domain.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://www.domain.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
AddType text/html .html .htm .asp
This is the part I am not to sure of:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^domain.com/nl$
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://nl.domain.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
How can I create virtual subdomains so that if someone goes to http://nl.domain.com it would stay on http://nl.domain.com if someone types http://www.nl.domain.com it would take out the http://www.nl.domain.com and make it http://nl.domain.com also the directory structure for the subdomain would be http://www.domain.com/nl (This is where the actual files will be sitting).
so if someone goes to http://www.domain.com/nl it should also redirect to http://nl.domain.com.
Thanks in advance for any advice and pointers

Answer 1

RewriteEngine on
# The ordering of the following rules is somewhat important
#
# External redirects with HTTP "301 - Moved Permanently" for subdomains
#
# Redirect www.nl.example.com to nl.example.com
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.nl\.example\.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://nl.example.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Instead I could do this to redirect any prefix before nl to nl.example.com
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^.+?\.nl\.example\.com$
# RewriteRule ^(.*) http://nl.example.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Redirect www.foo.example.com to foo.example.com
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.foo\.example\.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://foo.example.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Instead I could do this to redirect any prefix before foo to foo.example.com
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^.+?\.foo\.example\.com$
# RewriteRule ^(.*) http://foo.example.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Rewrite any remaining subdomains to example.com
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^example\.com$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^nl\.example\.com$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^foo\.example\.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://example.com/$1 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Assuming from this point forward we have either
# example.com, nl.example.com, or foo.example.com as the HTTP_HOST
# Redirect example.com/nl to nl.example.com
# (Note that ONLY example.com/nl is caught here.)
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com$
RewriteRule ^nl(/(.*))? http://nl.example.com/$2 [QSA,L,R=301]
# Redirect example.com/foo to foo.example.com
# (Note that ONLY example.com/foo is caught here.)
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com$
RewriteRule ^foo(/(.*))? http://foo.example.com/$2 [QSA,L,R=301]
#
# Internal rewrites for directory structuring
#
# Internal rewrite for the nl subdomain
# - Match the subdomain exactly
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^nl\.example\.com$
# - Check to see if the rewrite already happened (prevent
# infinite loop of internal rewrites)
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/nl(/.*|$)
# - Rewrite the URL to the subdirectory
RewriteRule ^(.*) /nl/$1 [L]
# Internal rewrite for the foo subdomain
# - Match the subdomain exactly
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^foo\.example\.com$
# - Check to see if the rewrite already happened (prevent
# infinite loop of internal rewrites)
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/foo(/.*|$)
# - Rewrite the URL to the subdirectory
RewriteRule ^(.*) /foo/$1 [L]
I haven't tested the above on a server, but I tested it on my local server, it should be close to what you need if I understood you correctly.
I'm sure you've seen the mod_rewrite docs. In addition to that, the Rewrite Guide and the Advanced Rewrite Guide have helpful practical examples.