I have, a float number. I would like to print it inside a messagebox. How to do it?
MessageBox(hWnd, "Result = <float>", L"Error", MB_OK);
update:
I do this and it prints out chinese characters inside the messagebox.
float fp = 2.3333f;
sprintf(buffer,"%f",fp);
MessageBox(hWnd, LPCWSTR(buffer), L"Error", MB_OK);
As you are using the wchar_t versions of the Win32-functions you should use swprintf instead of sprintf:
float fp = 2.3333f;
const size_t len = 256;
wchar_t buffer[len] = {};
swprintf(buffer, L"%f", fp);
MessageBox(hWnd, buffer, L"Error", MB_OK);
To avoid potential buffer overruns you could also use _snwprintf:
float fp = 2.3333f;
const size_t len = 256;
wchar_t buffer[len] = {};
_snwprintf(buffer, len - 1, L"%f", fp);
MessageBox(hWnd, buffer, L"Error", MB_OK);
Or better yet, use std::wostringstream declared in <sstream>:
float fp = 2.3333f;
std::wostringstream ss;
ss << fp;
MessageBox(hWnd, ss.str().c_str(), L"Error", MB_OK);
You're using the Unicode version of MessageBox, which is why you have to specify the "Error" string with the L prefix -- this tells it that it should use wide (16-bit) chars. As dalle said, this means you must specify the buffer as wchar_t, and use the corresponding wchar_t version of printf.
You'll be seeing Chinese characters because it's interpreting your string of bytes as a string of wchar_t. You are explicitly casting buffer to be a wchar_t string, after all.
You have to printf the message to a buffer with the %f format code and then use that in your MessageBox()
Related
I would like to ask how can I get a text input from TEdit control and cast it to std::string (not AnsiString).
For example, if I have a TEdit control with the name User, I get the text from it with the User->Text command. What I want to do is to assign that value to a std::string, for example string my_str = User->Text;.
I would like to ask, how can I do this in C++ Builder? Is there some sort of a ToString() method or sort of, because I was not able to find one.
In C++Builder 2007 and earlier, TEdit::Text is an 8-bit AnsiString in the user's default ANSI locale. It is very straight forward to convert an AnsiString to a std::string - just use the AnsiString::c_str() method to get a null-terminated char* pointer to the AnsiString data, and then you can assign that to the std::string, eg:
std::string my_str = User->Text.c_str();
/* or:
System::AnsiSystem text = User->Text;
std::string my_str(text.c_str(), text.Length());
*/
If you want the std::string data to be in another character encoding, such as UTF-8, then you will have to convert the AnsiString data accordingly, such as with MultiByteToWideChar()/WideCharToMultiByte(), UTF8Encode(), etc, before assigning it to the std::string.
In C++Builder 2009 and later, TEdit::Text is a 16-bit UnicodeString in UTF-16 format. The easiest way to convert a UnicodeString to a std::string is to first convert to an AnsiStringT<CP> (where CP is the desired ANSI codepage - AnsiString uses CP=0, UTF8String uses CP=65001, etc), and then convert that to std::string, eg:
std::string my_str = AnsiString(User->Text).c_str(); // or UTF8String, etc...
/* or:
System::AnsiString text = User->Text; // or UTF8String, etc...
std::string my_str(text.c_str(), text.Length());
*/
Alternatively, in C++11 and later, you can convert the UnicodeString to a std::wstring first, and then use std::wstring_convert, eg:
#include <locale>
std::wstring my_wstr = User->Text.c_str();
/* or:
System::UnicodeString text = User->Text;
std::wstring my_wstr(text.c_str(), text.Length());
*/
// System::Char may be either wchar_t or char16_t, depending
// on which platform you are compiling for...
std::string my_str = std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<System::Char>>{}.to_bytes(my_wstr);
I had a lot of those to migrate from Borland to Embarcadero Rio. So I created a method to do it.
#include <cwchar.h> //std::wcslen
char* __fastcall AnsiOf(wchar_t* w)
{
static char c[STR_CONV_BUF_SIZE];
memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, WC_NO_BEST_FIT_CHARS, w, std::wcslen(w), c, STR_CONV_BUF_SIZE, NULL, NULL);
return c;
}
std::string my_str = AnsiOf((User->Text).c_str());
Some body help me regarding to the following problem
strFixFactorSide = _T("0.5");
dFixFactorSide = atof((const char *)(LPCTSTR)strFixFactorSide);
"dFixFactorSide" takes value as 0.0000;
How I will get correct value?
Use _tstof() instead of atof(), and cast CString to LPCTSTR, and leave it as such, instead of trying to get it to const char *. Forget about const char * (LPCSTR) while you're working with unicode and use only const _TCHAR * (LPCTSTR).
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[])
{
int nRetCode = 0;
CString s1 = _T("123.4");
CString s2 = _T("567.8");
double v1 = _tstof((LPCTSTR)s1);
double v2 = _tstof((LPCTSTR)s2);
_tprintf(_T("%.3f"), v1 + v2);
return nRetCode;
}
and running this correctly gives the expected answer.
I think your CString strFixFactorSide is a Unicode (UTF-16) string.
If it is, the cast (const char *) only changes the pointer type, but the string it points to still remains Unicode.
atof() doesn't work with Unicode strings. If you shove L"0.5" into it, it will fetch bytes 0x30 ('0') and 0x00 (also part of UTF-16 '0'), treat that as a NUL-terminated ASCII string "0" and convert it to 0.0.
If CString strFixFactorSide is a Unicode string, you need to either first convert it to an ASCII string and then apply atof() or use a function capable of converting Unicode strings to numbers. _wtof() can be used for Unicode strings.
I am getting an int value from one of the analog pins on my Arduino. How do I concatenate this to a String and then convert the String to a char[]?
It was suggested that I try char msg[] = myString.getChars();, but I am receiving a message that getChars does not exist.
To convert and append an integer, use operator += (or member function concat):
String stringOne = "A long integer: ";
stringOne += 123456789;
To get the string as type char[], use toCharArray():
char charBuf[50];
stringOne.toCharArray(charBuf, 50)
In the example, there is only space for 49 characters (presuming it is terminated by null). You may want to make the size dynamic.
Overhead
The cost of bringing in String (it is not included if not used anywhere in the sketch), is approximately 1212 bytes of program memory (flash) and 48 bytes RAM.
This was measured using Arduino IDE version 1.8.10 (2019-09-13) for an Arduino Leonardo sketch.
Risk
There must be sufficient free RAM available. Otherwise, the result may be lockup/freeze of the application or other strange behaviour (UB).
Just as a reference, below is an example of how to convert between String and char[] with a dynamic length -
// Define
String str = "This is my string";
// Length (with one extra character for the null terminator)
int str_len = str.length() + 1;
// Prepare the character array (the buffer)
char char_array[str_len];
// Copy it over
str.toCharArray(char_array, str_len);
Yes, this is painfully obtuse for something as simple as a type conversion, but somehow it's the easiest way.
You can convert it to char* if you don't need a modifiable string by using:
(char*) yourString.c_str();
This would be very useful when you want to publish a String variable via MQTT in arduino.
None of that stuff worked. Here's a much simpler way .. the label str is the pointer to what IS an array...
String str = String(yourNumber, DEC); // Obviously .. get your int or byte into the string
str = str + '\r' + '\n'; // Add the required carriage return, optional line feed
byte str_len = str.length();
// Get the length of the whole lot .. C will kindly
// place a null at the end of the string which makes
// it by default an array[].
// The [0] element is the highest digit... so we
// have a separate place counter for the array...
byte arrayPointer = 0;
while (str_len)
{
// I was outputting the digits to the TX buffer
if ((UCSR0A & (1<<UDRE0))) // Is the TX buffer empty?
{
UDR0 = str[arrayPointer];
--str_len;
++arrayPointer;
}
}
With all the answers here, I'm surprised no one has brought up using itoa already built in.
It inserts the string representation of the integer into the given pointer.
int a = 4625;
char cStr[5]; // number of digits + 1 for null terminator
itoa(a, cStr, 10); // int value, pointer to string, base number
Or if you're unsure of the length of the string:
int b = 80085;
int len = String(b).length();
char cStr[len + 1]; // String.length() does not include the null terminator
itoa(b, cStr, 10); // or you could use String(b).toCharArray(cStr, len);
I want to send the double quote character to my CreateProcess function. How can I do the correct way? I want to send all of this characters: "%h"
CreateProcess(L"C:\\identify -format ",L"\"%h\" trustedsnapshot.png",0,0,TRUE,NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS|CREATE_NO_WINDOW,0,0,&sInfo,&pInfo);
note: "identify" is an Imagemagick program.
Here is the full code:
int ExecuteExternalFile()
{
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES secattr;
ZeroMemory(&secattr,sizeof(secattr));
secattr.nLength = sizeof(secattr);
secattr.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
HANDLE rPipe, wPipe;
//Create pipes to write and read data
CreatePipe(&rPipe,&wPipe,&secattr,0);
STARTUPINFO sInfo;
ZeroMemory(&sInfo,sizeof(sInfo));
PROCESS_INFORMATION pInfo;
ZeroMemory(&pInfo,sizeof(pInfo));
sInfo.cb=sizeof(sInfo);
sInfo.dwFlags=STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
sInfo.hStdInput=NULL;
sInfo.hStdOutput=wPipe;
sInfo.hStdError=wPipe;
CreateProcess(L"C:\\identify",L" -format \"%h\" trustedsnapshot.png",0,0,TRUE,NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS|CREATE_NO_WINDOW,0,0,&sInfo,&pInfo);
CloseHandle(wPipe);
char buf[100];
DWORD reDword;
CString m_csOutput,csTemp;
BOOL res;
do
{
res=::ReadFile(rPipe,buf,100,&reDword,0);
csTemp=buf;
m_csOutput+=csTemp.Left(reDword);
}while(res);
//return m_csOutput;
float fvar;
//fvar = atof((const char *)(LPCTSTR)(m_csOutput)); ori
//fvar=atof((LPCTSTR)m_csOutput);
fvar = _tstof(m_csOutput);
const size_t len = 256;
wchar_t buffer[len] = {};
_snwprintf(buffer, len - 1, L"%d", fvar);
MessageBox(NULL, buffer, L"test print createprocess value", MB_OK);
return fvar;
}
I need this function to return the integer value from the CreateProcess.
The way you wrote it should work OK, or do you have any problems with it?
Your problem is not the quotes. There are two problems with the way you pass parameters to CreateProcess. The first is that the command line passed in the second argument should include the name of the command (that is, it should include the value for "argv[0]"), the second is that the redirection (> testt.txt) is not handled by the CreateProcess API,. Unless c:\identify expects such arguemnts, you should not include this in the command line.
How to Convert char* to LPWSTR in VC++ ?
LPNETRESOURCEW nr = NULL;
memset(&nr, 0, sizeof (NETRESOURCE));
nr->lpLocalName = strDriveLetter.GetBuffer(strDriveLetter.GetLength()); // this line giving me error "Cannot Convert char* to LPWSTR"
Any help is appreciated.
Thanks.
Use MultiByteToWideChar function;
const char* msg = "foobarbaz";
int len = strlen(msg) + 1;
wchar_t *w_msg = new wchar_t[len];
memset(w_msg, 0, len);
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, NULL, msg, -1, w_msg, len);
memset(&nr, 0, sizeof (NETRESOURCE)); here nr is a NULL pointer. This is not correct. You should have nr point to a valid memory first by either using explicit allocation like new or on allocate on stack.