How to start bluetooth pairing process? - bluetooth

I have an Java application on my PC and database.There are some MAC
and PIN data in DB.
I'm sending messages (now it's text files over OBEX put method, but in
future it will be SMS messages i hope :) ), so when i discover some
device, then discover needed service i'm looking to the DB and if the
phone MAC in the DB i need to start PAIRING with predefined PIN.
I've coded all the process, except the PAIRING... How to initialize
it ?

You have to register a passkey-agent which inputs the PIN when it is requested. More info here.

Related

How to use data wedge to connect to non scanner bluetooth device?

I have a use case for connecting with a arbitrary bluetooth device (not a scanner). I have the following questions -
Is it possible to connect data wedge to a random bluetooth device to send and receive data? I was unable to find any example online in docs or elsewhere. The idea is that the bluetooth device will dump data to its outputstream, and i am hoping data wedge can pick it up and insert in my app field.
Can data wedge also send requests to the bluetooth device? ( Or can it only be a listener and receive data? ) If yes, how to we configure the request string and frequency.
In our use case the data is a long string (eg - "a,b,c,d"). My idea is to send this string to a text field and then segregate it in application itself.
Our use case is for TC 56 devices. As i understand it, the application app listens for the intent data wedge generates post scanning. Can it work seamless on laptops as well? The service in our use case is a web app.

ESP32 A2DP Headphones bonding issue

I am fairly new to working with Bluetooth and the ESP32 Bluetooth stack, so forgive me if I don't use the right terminology.
I can get the ESP-IDF Development example "A2DP_Source" working perfect only if I enable the headphones pairing mode first. After it is paired, and the bonding is stored in the Bluetooth, it will reconnect to the headphones without issue, but it then does not notify the app through the call back functions that it has connected. The app then continues to search for a bluetooth device and the audio streams sporadically, or not at all.
I've tried multiple speakers, and headphones, all with the same results.
I can see the bonded device list also and the device is there.
Is there callback function in the bluetooth stack that needs to be initialized to notify the app that the bluetooth connected to a previously paired device instead of just a device in pairing mode?
These are the three callback functions setup currently that run when connected through pairing mode, but don't run when the bluetooth connects in non-pairing mode.
...
/* register GAP callback function */
esp_bt_gap_register_callback(bt_app_gap_cb);
/* initialize AVRCP controller */
esp_avrc_ct_init();
esp_avrc_ct_register_callback(bt_app_rc_ct_cb);
/* initialize A2DP source */
esp_a2d_register_callback(&bt_app_a2d_cb);
esp_a2d_source_register_data_callback(bt_app_a2d_data_cb);
...
Any help or pointers would be appreciated. Thanks.
Did you mean ESP32 A2DP cannot connect a device without the push of a PAIR button?
The example "A2DP_Source" does not seem to connect the bonded device.
It just tries to discover the device with the certain name ("ESP_SPEAKER" in the original code) calling the function esp_bt_gap_start_discovery.
If the device is found, bt_app_gap_cb is called and then the connect to peer will start via esp_a2d_source_connect.
So I suggest fixing the code so as to connect peer instead of calling esp_bt_gap_start_discovery if there is any bonded device.
You can use the function esp_bt_gap_get_bond_device_list and find out the address of the bonded device which is required by esp_a2d_source_connect.
The API reference is available in https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/bluetooth/esp_gap_bt.html and https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/bluetooth/esp_a2dp.html.
Working through this problem more, I found that using C++ to call the native C code was the issue. I don't have a strong enough background in coding to understand the "why" it did not work, but once I returned all the code back to "C" it started working without issue. Hope this helps someone else who may make the same mistake.

Manufacturer Specific Data on BLE

I'm a newbie of BLE programming on android.
In my first apps using BLE on android, I have a big problem.
I got a ScanRecord from Apple Bluetooth Headset using this function.
#Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result)
and I got a manufacturer data using Apple corp, ID(0x4C).
after that, I don't know how to decode a manufacturer data.
I want to auxiliary bluetooth headset information such as battery info, direction info etc. but I don't know how to decode the manufacturer data.
I also searched Apple development document(https://developer.apple.com/accessories/Accessory-Design-Guidelines.pdf)
But that guide document didn't help me.
Anyway, anyone who tell me how to resolve this problem?!!?!
Thank you to read my question.
Ok so from your comment it looks like you scanned the device over BLE and want to use one of the services it offers to get information like battery info.
The first thing you will need to do establish a connection to the BLE device.
The scanresult you pasted has a method getDevice you'll need to call
After you get the device you can call its connectGatt method. This will attempt to connect your phone and BLE device.
The connectGatt method from step 2 requires a callback. When the connection is successful or unsuccessful the callback will fire onConnectionStateChanged. If successful it will have the success status. This method will also give you a gatt device we will use in step 4.
If step 3 was successful we can assume your phone is connected. The next thing we want to do is discover services. You do this by using the gatt devices discoverServices method.
When the services are discovered your callback will fire onServicesDiscovered. At this point you can now use services. Depending on the API of the headphones they'll want you to read, or subscribe to a services characteristic and descriptor. Since I don't know the API I can't help you further. But you'll end up needing to use one or more of the following:
setCharacteristicNotification
readCharacteristic
readDescriptor
And the value will return to your callback on. Keep in mind you must wait for the callback for each request before write/reading/subscribing to another characteristic or descriptor.

Multiple BLE Connections using Linux and Bluez 5.0

I am currently attempting to connect to multiple BLE devices using BlueZ 5.0 and Linux. I have one host BLE adapter and I have modified the gatttool to connect and perform this function. If I run an instance of the modified gatttool, I successfully connect and receive notification data from the BLE device. If I run another instance of the modified gatttool and connect to another BLE device, this application starts receiving notification data from both BLE devices and the initial application no longer receives any data. I believe this is due to the socket setup, where both applications are configuring their sockets to the same address and PSM (the newest instance receives the data whereas the other is starved). Is there a way to prevent this condition? Ideally, I want one application to connect to multiple devices. I assume that the application can only have one socket for the reason that multiple sockets will have the same issue as the multiple instances above. My BLE device is a TI CC2540 keyfob acting as a heartrate monitor.
I started an answer so I could have more space...
I'm using a combination of Python and C to get my code to work, so my "code" may look funny because it could be from either. Also, I used Bluez 4 as the 5 didn't support the kernel I was using. Let me know if there's an issue and I can clarify.
It seems like there's several ways of doing things, but I ended up opening separate sockets for different tasks. You can open a single socket and then set the socket options to take filtering off and you should get all the packets in one place. However, that was my initial way of doing it and I found that my connections would die within seconds.
To scan for connections I opened a socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_RAW, BTPROTO_HCI) then did a bind on device 0. (there's a function called hci_get_route to get an available device number) You can then call hci_le_set_scan_parameters to set options, setsockopt(SOL_HCI, HCI_FILTER, filter) to just get LE scan events, and then called hci_le_set_scan_enable to turn on scanning.
Each device connection was made with a socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_SEQPACKET, BTPROTO_L2CAP) which you then tell to connect to a particular device by calling connect on the socket with a struct sockaddr_l2 that has the particular device address in it. On that socket you should only get packets from that device. (one caveat... I found that my dongle wouldn't allow a connection while active scanning was taking place.. I had to temporarily shut it off just before connecting and then turn it back on. Otherwise I got a BUSY error from errno)
After saying all that, though... I think the way you're supposed to do everything in Bluez 5 is to use DBUS. Unfortunately that wasn't really an option for what I was doing. The functions I mentioned are in the shared lib that apparently isn't installed by default in 5 (you have to explicitly ask for it to be installed with configure). They stopped installing the shared lib by default because they wanted to encourage people to use DBUS instead.
WE have combined the code from hcitool and gatttool. The code works well for 2 device (scan, hci_le_create_conn and gatt_connect). I believe there is no limitation on the number of devices used.
1 Start cmd_lescan (from hcitool.c)
2.For each device scanned -
cmd_lecc (from hcitool.c)
gatt_connect (from gatttool.c)
This way one process can manage multiple BLE device. We do not have to turn OFF the scanning, just have ignore non advertisement messages:
if (meta->subevent != 0x02)
continue;
Thanks and looking forward to comments.

Sending SMS using Java ME application

I want to a Java ME application that transfers any SMS received to a PC using bluetooth. The PC can then direct the Java ME application via bluetooth to send a response SMS. Is there library available for this architecture or I have to design it myself?
Is this approach correct or a better one exists? I want to use bluetooth as then I will not have dependency on the cable.
You'll need to create this yourself, however you'll find that you can't do what you want with J2ME.
J2ME can't access any old SMS that the handset receives, only ones sent to a specific port upon which the MIDlet is listening. So to get all the other SMSes, create a bluetooth serial/dial-up connection to your handset in the way I've described in this answer.
Create a PC client which repeatedly issues AT+CGML commands (as described in the AT command set document linked to in the answer above), to see when an SMS has been received. Use AT+CGMR to read and parse the message text. Then use AT+CGMS to sent a response. This can all be done over bluetooth.
It's better to use the serial connection to send a response, because a MIDlet cannot usually be triggered to open based on incoming bluetooth data.
Hope this helps.
You may have already achieved your task, anyway for the reference I think it is much better if you try using Gammu . I'm using it for the same task (Send / receive SMS through PC ) with a simple bat file I have written, works like a charm.
Anyway you don't need any J2me program for this.
Wammu takes care of making the connection to phone and sending AT commands.

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