How do you calculate the angle between two normals in glsl? I am trying to add the fresnel effect to the outer edges of an object (combining that effect with phong shading), and I think that the angle is the only thing I am missing.
Fragment Shader:
varying vec3 N;
varying vec3 v;
void main(void) {
v = vec3(gl_ModelViewMatrix * gl_Vertex);
N = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_Normal);
gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex;
}
Vertex Shader:
varying vec3 N;
varying vec3 v;
void main(void) {
vec3 L = normalize(gl_LightSource[0].position.xyz - v);
vec3 E = normalize(-v);
vec3 R = normalize(-reflect(L,N));
vec4 Iamb = gl_FrontLightProduct[0].ambient
vec4 Idiff = gl_FrontLightProduct[0].diffuse * max(dot(N,L), 0.0);
vec4 Ispec = gl_FrontLightProduct[0].specular * pow(max(dot(R,E),0.0), gl_FrontMaterial.shininess);
vec4 Itot = gl_FrontLightModelProduct.sceneColor + Iamb + Idiff + Ispec;
vec3 A = //calculate the angle between the lighting direction and the normal//
float F = 0.33 + 0.67*(1-cos(A))*(1-cos(A))*(1-cos(A))*(1-cos(A))*(1-cos(A));
vec4 white = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0};
gl_FragColor = F*white + (1.0-F)*Itot;
}
varying vec3
dot product between two vectors will return the cosine of the angle (in GLSL it's dot(a,b)). Taking arc-cosine of that will return angle in radians (in GLSL it's acos(x)).
Dot product is very cheap, arc-cosine is quite expensive.
However, Fresnel effect does not really need the angle. Just having dot result between the vectors is enough. There are many approximations for the Fresnel effect, one of the cheapest is just using the dot directly. Or squaring it (x*x), or raising to some other power.
In your shader above, it looks like you just want to raise dot to 5th power. Something like:
float oneMinusDot = 1.0 - dot(L, N);
float F = pow(oneMinusDot, 5.0);
From the dot product of two vectors you can get the cosine of the angle between them
cos A = DotProduct(v1, v2) / (Length(v1) * Length(v2))
Using this, you don't need to calculate the cosine when calculating F. Since your vectors are unit vectors, e.g., have length one, you can even avoid the division.
Related
I made a plane in THREEjs using Mesh, PlaneGeometry and ShaderMaterial. It's a very simple/basic form.
I applied a simple phormula to make the plain more steep. Now I'm trying to make the lower surface darker than the higher surface. Here is what I tried.
Vertex shader:
varying vec3 test;
void main(void) {
float amp = 2.5;
float z = amp * sin(position.x*0.2) * cos(position.y*0.5); //this makes the surface steeper
test = vec3(1, 1, -z); //this goes to fragment shader
//test = vec3(698.0, 400.0, -z); I have tried this. first coordenates here are to normalize the vector
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position.x, position.y, z, 1.0);
}
Fragment shader:
precision mediump float;
varying vec3 test;
void main(void) {
vec3 st = gl_FragCoord.xyz/test;
gl_FragColor = vec4(st.xyz, 1.0);
}
Result:
This result is not desirable, since the contrast between top and down is too aggressive and I'd like the lower surface less white. What do I have to change to accomplish this?
If you want to create a brightness based on the height of the waves, then you'll need to only use the test.z value, since test.xy aren't really doing anything. The problem is that brightness needs a value between [0, 1] and due to the amplitude multiplication, you're getting a value between [-2.5, 2.5] range.
precision mediump float;
varying vec3 test;
void main(void) {
float amp = 2.5;
// Extract brightness from test.z
float brightness = test.z;
// Convert brightness from [-2.5, 2.5] to [0.0, 1.0] range
brightness = (brightness / amp) * 0.5 + 0.5;
vec3 yellow = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
// Multiply final color by brigthness (0 brightness = black)
vec3 st = yellow * brightness;
gl_FragColor = vec4(st.xyz, 1.0);
}
That should give you a smoother transition from full yellow to black.
As an aside, to help me visualize the values I'm getting from GLSL functions, I like to use the Graphtoy tool. I recommend you give it a shot to help you write shaders!
I have a container with several graphics containing circles. I would like to only render this container's outline, without the graphics themselves.
I managed to draw the outlines using OutlineFilter, and I managed to make the container transparent using AlphaFilter, but not both at the same time, no matter in which order I added the filters.
That is technically not possible like you intend to do it. One shader (pixi.js filter) doesn't know about the previous shader, such as where the outline was painted or what is the original texture alpha.
Alternatively you can create a new filter with a new shader that achieves that effect. I'm basing this on the OutlineFilter:
varying vec2 vTextureCoord;
uniform sampler2D uSampler;
uniform vec2 thickness;
uniform vec4 outlineColor;
uniform vec4 filterClamp;
const float DOUBLE_PI = 3.14159265358979323846264 * 2.;
void main(void) {
vec4 ownColor = texture2D(uSampler, vTextureCoord);
vec4 curColor;
float maxAlpha = 0.;
vec2 displaced;
for (float angle = 0.; angle <= DOUBLE_PI; angle += 0.1) {
displaced.x = vTextureCoord.x + thickness.x * cos(angle);
displaced.y = vTextureCoord.y + thickness.y * sin(angle);
curColor = texture2D(uSampler, clamp(displaced, filterClamp.xy, filterClamp.zw));
maxAlpha = max(maxAlpha, curColor.a);
}
float resultAlpha = maxAlpha * step(ownColor.a, 0.0) > 0. ? 1. : 0.0;
gl_FragColor = vec4(outlineColor.rgb * resultAlpha, resultAlpha);
}
Example result as in the pixi-filters demos:
I have a Three js scene that contains a 100x100 plane centred at the origin (ie. min coord: (-50,-50), max coord: (50,50)). I am trying to have the plane appear as a colour wheel by using the x and z coords in a custom glsl shader. Using this guide (see HSB in polar coordinates, towards the bottom of the page) I have gotten my
Shader Code with Three.js Scene
but it is not quite right.
I have played around tweaking all the variables that make sense to me, but as you can see in the screenshot the colours change twice as often as what they should. My math intuition says just divide the angle by 2 but when I tried that it was completely incorrect.
I know the solution is very simple but I have tried for a couple hours and I haven't got it.
How do I turn my shader that I currently have into one that makes exactly 1 full colour rotation in 2pi radians?
EDIT: here is the relevant shader code in plain text
varying vec3 vColor;
const float PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;
uniform float delta;
uniform float scale;
uniform float size;
vec3 hsb2rgb( in vec3 c ){
vec3 rgb = clamp(abs(mod(c.x*6.0+vec3(0.0,4.0,2.0),
6.0)-3.0)-1.0,
0.0,
1.0 );
rgb = rgb*rgb*(3.0-2.0*rgb);
return c.z * mix( vec3(1.0), rgb, c.y);
}
void main()
{
vec4 worldPosition = modelMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
float r = 0.875;
float g = 0.875;
float b = 0.875;
if (worldPosition.y > 0.06 || worldPosition.y < -0.06) {
vec2 toCenter = vec2(0.5) - vec2((worldPosition.z+50.0)/100.0, (worldPosition.x+50.0)/100.0);
float angle = atan(worldPosition.z/worldPosition.x);
float radius = length(toCenter) * 2.0;
vColor = hsb2rgb(vec3((angle/(PI))+0.5,radius,1.0));
} else {
vColor = vec3(r,g,b);
}
vec4 mvPosition = modelViewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
gl_PointSize = size * (scale/length(mvPosition.xyz));
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * mvPosition;
}
I have discovered that the guide I was following was incorrect. I wasn't thinking about my math properly but I now know what the problem was.
atan has a range from -PI/2 to PI/2 which only accounts for half of a circle. When worldPosition.x is negative atan will not return the correct angle since it is out of range of the function. The angle needs to be adjusted based on what quadrant it is in the plane.
Q1: do nothing
Q2: add PI to the angle
Q3: add PI to the angle
Q4: add 2PI to the angle
After this normalize the angle (divide by 2PI) then pass it to the hsb2rgb function.
I'm trying to do an edge shader but I have places where the edges are not shown at all. The behaviour is shown in the following image.
As you see the way I look at the model, doesn't show edges, but the other places are very sharp and looks good.
here is my attempt
uniform mat4 projection_matrix;
varying vec3 normFrag;
void main()
{
vec4 pos_transformed = modelViewProjectionMatrix * vertex;
vec3 normalizedNormal = normalize(normal);
vec3 norm = mat3(normalMatrix)* normalizedNormal ;
norm.y *=projection_matrix[2][3];
norm.x *= projection_matrix[3][2];
//norm *=-1.0;
norm = normalize(norm);
pos_transformed.xy -= pos_transformed.z*norm.xy*0.005;
gl_Position = vec4(pos_transformed);
}
Lately I implemented the FXAA algorithm into my OpenGL application. I haven't understand this algorithm completely by now but I know that it uses contrast data of the final image to selectively apply blurring. As a post processing effect that makes sense. B since I use deferred shading in my application I already have a depth texture of the scene. Using that it might be much easier and more precise to find edges for applying blur there.
So is there a known antialiasing algorithm using the depth texture instead of the final image to find the edges? By fakes I mean an antialiasing algorithm based on a pixel basis instead of a vertex basis.
After some research I found out that my idea is widely used already in deferred renderers. I decided to post this answer because I came up with my own implementation which I want to share with the community.
Based on the gradient changes of the depth and the angle changes of the normals, there is blurring applied to the pixel.
// GLSL fragment shader
#version 330
in vec2 coord;
out vec4 image;
uniform sampler2D image_tex;
uniform sampler2D position_tex;
uniform sampler2D normal_tex;
uniform vec2 frameBufSize;
void depth(out float value, in vec2 offset)
{
value = texture2D(position_tex, coord + offset / frameBufSize).z / 1000.0f;
}
void normal(out vec3 value, in vec2 offset)
{
value = texture2D(normal_tex, coord + offset / frameBufSize).xyz;
}
void main()
{
// depth
float dc, dn, ds, de, dw;
depth(dc, vec2( 0, 0));
depth(dn, vec2( 0, +1));
depth(ds, vec2( 0, -1));
depth(de, vec2(+1, 0));
depth(dw, vec2(-1, 0));
float dvertical = abs(dc - ((dn + ds) / 2));
float dhorizontal = abs(dc - ((de + dw) / 2));
float damount = 1000 * (dvertical + dhorizontal);
// normals
vec3 nc, nn, ns, ne, nw;
normal(nc, vec2( 0, 0));
normal(nn, vec2( 0, +1));
normal(ns, vec2( 0, -1));
normal(ne, vec2(+1, 0));
normal(nw, vec2(-1, 0));
float nvertical = dot(vec3(1), abs(nc - ((nn + ns) / 2.0)));
float nhorizontal = dot(vec3(1), abs(nc - ((ne + nw) / 2.0)));
float namount = 50 * (nvertical + nhorizontal);
// blur
const int radius = 1;
vec3 blur = vec3(0);
int n = 0;
for(float u = -radius; u <= +radius; ++u)
for(float v = -radius; v <= +radius; ++v)
{
blur += texture2D(image_tex, coord + vec2(u, v) / frameBufSize).rgb;
n++;
}
blur /= n;
// result
float amount = mix(damount, namount, 0.5);
vec3 color = texture2D(image_tex, coord).rgb;
image = vec4(mix(color, blur, min(amount, 0.75)), 1.0);
}
For comparison, this is the scene without any anti-aliasing.
This is the result with anti-aliasing applied.
You may need to view the images at their full resolution to judge the effect. In my view the result is adequate for the simple implementation. The best thing is that there are nearly no jagged artifacts when the camera moves.