Sometimes I need to edit files which should not end with a newline.
However vim\nvim by default do not visualise in any way the newline character at the end of file. Therefore I am not able to:
visually confirm if the file has a newline character at the end or not
remove that character
Are there any setting which would allow me to see the tailing newline character and edit it in the same way as any other characters?
For example, after create 2 files as follows:
echo test > file-with-newline
echo -n test > file-without-newline
opening first one with nvim file-with-newline shows:
test
~
~
file-with-newline
opening second one with nvim file-without-newline shows:
test
~
~
file-without-newline
Navigating with the cursor to the end of line in either case yields the same result (the cursor stops after last visible character: t). There is no way to tell if the newline is there or not, let alone remove it using familiar commands used to remove ordinary characters (or newlines within the file).
You can enable the option :help 'list':
:set list
to show that "newline character" as a $ at the end of the line (among other things):
Note, however, that the option doesn't make the character "editable" in any way.
if the file has a newline character at the end or not
:set eol?
endofline
remove that character
:set noeol nofixeol
:update
Related
I would like to insert a semi-colon at the end of all the lines beginning with some pattern(MATCH_) in a file.
Whats the command to use.
This can be done with the :g command:
:g/^<pattern>/normal A;
A bit of an explanation:
This finds all lines starting with (due to the ^) the specified <pattern> and then executes the command normal A; which switches to normal mode, then does A to append to the line, followed by typing ;.
I'm running a script for vim EX mode I've tried every escape character and word identifier I can find.
it needs to find the string "/etc/walker" and replace it with "/etc/runner"
% s/\</etc/walker\>/\</etc/runner\>/g
wq
same issue with a script to append at the end of the file. It doesn't do anything. I'm trying to append "/etc/walker"
$
a
\</etc/walker\>
.
wq
what I've tried on regex editors seems to work there but not in EX
Thanks for your help
Try this:
:s#/etc/walker#/etc/runner#
Notice the use of # as a delimiter, that way you don't have to add back slashes.
You could also use:
:s#/etc/walker#/etc/runner#
For appending at the end of the line:
:s#$#/etc/walker#
In EX mode just remove the : at the beginning.
how do i do this in vi?
awk -F"," awk '{print substr($1,1,10)}'
I only want to keep the first 10 characters of my date column (example 2014-01-01) and not include the timestamp.
I tried to do it in awk but i got this error:
sed: RE error: illegal byte sequence
I believe it is a bash_profile setting error.
This is what i have in my bash_profile:
#export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
#export LOCALE=UTF-8
export LC_CTYPE=C
export LANG=C
in vim, do:
:%norm! 11|D
this will affect all lines in your buffer.
If you like, :s could do this job too.
:%s/.\{,10}\zs.*//
:%s/: apply the substitution to all the lines
.\{,10}: match anything up to 10 times (greedy)
\zs: indicates the beginning of the match
.*: match the rest of the line
/: end of the first part of :s
/: end of the second part of s (since there's nothing between the two /, replace with nothing, ie delete)
For editing blocks of text there is a -- VISUAL BLOCK -- mode accessible via CTRL-V (on Windows ussually CTRL-Q). Then you can press d to delete your selection.
Or with a simple substitute command
:%s/\%>10c.*//
\%>10c - matches after tenth column
. - matches any single character but not an end-of-line
* - matches 0 or more of the preceding atom, as many as possible
Or you can use range
:1,3s/\%>10c.*//
This would substitute for the first three lines.
What is the special character which indicate first ?
if we do
$ vi .bashrc
$ source !$
this !$ will replaced by .bashrc
because ! means previous line(am I correct?), $ means last word (for sure)
then what is first?
I want to insert some string in every line in vi editor using
:%s/find-key-word/replaced-keyword/g
in here, if I put
:%s/$/example/g
in vi editor, it will append in all lines with example.
I want to insert all in front of all string every line.
I know I can use visual block (ctrl+v) and select all front lines and insert (shift+i) insert some word and escape(esc) will do the same... but I want to do in one shot..
please let me know how to do..
Thanks in advance
There are two questions, so you are getting two kinds of answers :)
The bash command history has only a passing similarity to the vi regular expression syntax.
^ is the beginning of line in vi. $ is the end of line in vi.
!!:0 is one way of accessing the first word of the previous command in bash
!$ is one way of accessing the last word of the previous command in bash
To indicate beginning of line, the symbol used is:
^
See an example:
$ cat a
hello!
this is me
testing some
stuff
$ sed 's/^/XXX/' a
XXXhello!
XXXthis is me
XXXtesting some
XXXstuff
The character you are looking for is ^.
For example, :%s/^/example/g will prepend all lines with the string example.
In bash, !^ refers to the first argument of the previous command, and !$ the last argument.
How I can see in vim when a file has a newline character at the end? It seems vim always shows one, whether it's truly there or not.
For example, opening a file that has a newline at the end:
echo "hi" > hi
# confirm that there are 3 characters, because of the extra newline added by echo
wc -c hi
# open in binary mode to prevent vim from adding its own newline
vim -b hi
:set list
This shows:
hi$
Now by comparison, a file without the newline:
# prevent echo from adding newline
echo -n "hi" > hi
# confirm that there are only 2 characters now
wc -c hi
# open in binary mode to prevent vim from adding its own newline
vim -b hi
:set list
Still shows:
hi$
So how can I see whether a file truly has a newline at the end or not in vim?
Vim stores this information in the 'endofline' buffer option. You can check with
:setlocal eol?
In the second case, Vim displays [noeol] when loading the file.
Don't you see the [noeol] output, when loading that file?
Vim warns you when it opens/writes a file with no <EOL> at the end of the last line:
"filename" [noeol] 4L, 38C
"filename" [noeol] 6L, 67C written