I'm very new to data analytics and English is not my first language so please bear with me.
Currently working in Weka doing a sentiment (positive / negative) analysis of tweets. I have applied the StringToWordVector (including stemming and removing stop words) and afterwards ranked and removed all unnecessary attributes. I am left with 773 words / attributes.
My goal is to create a word cloud in either Tableau or Wordart that of course highlights how frequent each word is and also whether the word has a predominantly positive or negative
connotation.
I am struggling to find a way to process my Weka file so that the 773 words, their frequency and whether they have a positive or negative sentiment is saved and easily read into Tableau or Wordart.
Can anyone help with how to accomplish this?
I have attached a picture of the Weka preprocess window where I'm currently stuck.
Thanks!
My process so far:
RemoveWithValues to remove unwanted sentiment categories, so I'm left with 'positive' and 'negative'
StringToWordVector followed by ranking and removal of some attributes / words
Stuck... When loading the data into Tableau in it's current state just creates a big mess.
Goal is to visualize the data in a meaningful way. Additions to a word cloud are also welcome
Related
I am trying to translate to from English to Welsh. I have a data set of 3032 sentences which I am aware is below the recommended 10000 limit but the issue is random words being added to sentences or added at the end of the translation.
With the dataset I have, I am getting a BLEU score of 94.25.
Image of Translation Differences
I have attached four examples where extra words are being added throughout the form. At no point in the dataset is there duplication of words that match any of these formats and there is no trailing whitespace in the translations which would explain why "yn" in particular is appearing as a new sentence.
Is there any way of removing these erroneous extra words or increasing the accuracy of the translation? To increase the overall amount of sentences to more than 10000 would be a very large task and would not be something to undertake if the system is still going to have a high chance of returning random words.
I also raised this as a support request with Microsoft. They had said the issue was down to using a dictionary that included verbs as part of the translation.
I have since tried using English UK as the basis for the translation - an option that previously failed to build - and with the same dataset the BLEU score is 93.24 but the extra words have disappeared.
My issue has been resolved and it's now down to training out the incorrect translations. It appears the English to Welsh translation has a bug.
I have a list of products names and a collection of text generated from random users. I am trying to detect products mentioned in the text while talking into account spelling variation. For example the text
Text = i am interested in galxy s8
Mentions the product samsung galaxy s8
But note the difference in spellings.
I've implemented the following approaches:
1- max tokenized products names and users text (i split words by punctuation and digits so s8 will be tokenized into 's' and '8'. Then i did a check on each token in user's text to see if it is in my vocabulary with damerau levenshtein distance <= 1 to allow for variation in spelling. Once i have detected a sequence of tokens that do exist in the vocabulary i do a search for the product that matches the query while checking the damerau levenshtein distance on each token. This gave poor results. Mainly because the sequence of tokens that exist in the vocabulary do not necessarily represent a product. For example since text is max tokenized numbers can be found in the vocabulary and as such dates are detected as products.
2- i constructed bigram and trigram indicies from the list of products and converted each user text into a query.. but also results weren't so great given the spelling variation
3- i manually labeled 270 sentences and trained a named entity recognizer with labels ('O' and 'Product'). I split the data into 80% training and 20% test. Note that I didn't use the list of products as part of the features. Results were okay.. not great tho
None of the above results achieved a reliable performance. I tried regular expressions but since there are so many different combinations to consider it became too complicated.. Are there better ways to tackle this problem? I suppose ner could give better results if i train more data but suppose there isn't enough training data, what do u think a better solution would be?
If i come up with a better alternative to the ones I've already mentioned, I'll add it to this post. In the meantime I'm open to suggestions
Consider splitting your problem into two parts.
1) Conduct a spelling check using a dictionary of known product names (this is not a NLP task and there should be guides on how to impelement spell check).
2) Once you have done pre-processing (spell checking), use your NER algorithm
It should improve your accuracy.
I have a trivial understanding of NLP so please keep things basic.
I would like to run some PDFs at work through a keyword extractor/classifier and build a taxonomy - in the hope of delivering some business intelligence.
For example, given a few thousand PDFs to mine I would like to determine the markets they apply to (we serve about 5 major industries with each one having several minor industries. Each industry and sub-industry has a specific market and in most cases those deal with OEMs, which in turn deal models, which further sub divide into component parts, etc.
I would love to crunch these PDFs into a semi-structured (more a graph actually) output like:
Aerospace
Manufacturing
Repair
PT Support
M250
C20
C18
Distribution
Can text classifiers do that? Is this too specific? How do you train a system like this that C18 is a "model" of "manufacturer" Rolls Royce of the M250 series and "PT SUPPORT" is a sub-component?
I could build this data manually but would take forever...
Is there a way I could use a text classifier framework and build something more efficiently than regex and python?
Just looking for ideas at this point... Watched a few tutorials on R and python libs but they didn't sound quite like what I am looking for.
Ok lets break your problem into small sub-problems first , i will break the task as
Read PDF and extract data and meta data from them - take a look at Apache Tikka lib
Any classifier to be more effective need training data - Create training data for text classifier
Then apply any suitable classifier algo .
You can also have look at Carrot2 clustering algo , it will automatically analyse the data and group pdf into different categories.
I recently installed PredictionIO.
What I'd like to achieve is: I'd like to categorize content on the words included in the text. But how can I import data like raw Tweets to PredictionIO? Is it possible to let PredictionIO run over the content and find strong words and to sort them in categories?
What I'd like to get is something like this: Query for Boston Red Sox --> keywords that should appear would be: baseball, Boston, sports, ...
So I'll add on a little to what Thomas said. He's right, it all depends whether or not you have labels associated to your tweets. If your data is labeled then this will be a Text Classification problem. Look at this for more detailed info:
If you're instead looking to cluster, or group, a set of unlabeled observations then, as Thomas said, your best bet is to incorporate LDA into the works. Look at the latter documentation for more information, but basically once you run the LDA model you'll obtain an object of type DistributedLDAModel which has a method topicDistributions which gives you, for each tweet, a vector where each component is associated to a topic, and the component entry gives you the probability that the tweet belongs to that topic. You can cluster by assigning each tweet the topic with highest probability.
You also have access to a matrix of size MxN, where M is the number of words in your vocabulary, and N is the number of topics, or clusters, you wish to discover in your data. You can roughly interpret the ij th entry of this Topics Matrix as the probability that the word i appears in a document given that the document belongs to topic j. Another rule you could use for clustering is to treat each word vector associated to your tweets as a vector of counts. Then, you can interpret the ij entry of the product of your word matrix (tweets as rows, words as columns) and the Topics Matrix returned by LDA as the probability that tweet i belongs to topic j (this follows under certain assumptions, feel free to ask if you want more details). Again now you assign tweet i to the topic associated to the largest numerical value in row i of the resulting matrix. You can even use this clustering rule for assigning topics to incoming observations once you have used your original set of tweets for topic discovery!
Now, for data processing, you can still use the Text Classification reference for transforming your Tweets to word count vectors via the DataSource and Preparator components. As for importing your data, if you have the tweets saved locally on a file, you can use PredictionIO's Python SDK to import your data. An example is also given in the classification reference.
Feel free to ask any questions if anything isn't clear, and good luck!
So, really depends on if you have labelled data.
For example:
Baseball :: "I love Boston Red Sox #GoRedSox"
Sports :: "Woohoo! I love sports #winning"
Boston :: "Baseball time at Fenway Park. Red Sox FTW!"
...
Then you would be able to train a model to classifying Tweets against these keywords. You might be interested in templates for MLlib Naive Bayes, Decision Trees.
If you don't have labelled data (really, who wants to manually label Tweets) you might be able to use approaches such as Topic Modeling (e.g., LDA).
I don't think there is a template for LDA but being an active open source project it wouldn't surprise me if someone has already implemented this so might be a good idea to ask on PredictionIO user or dev forums.
I'm doing a small research project where I should try to split financial news articles headers to positive and negative classes.For classification I'm using SVM approach.The main problem which I see now it that not a lot of features can be produced for ML. News articles contains a lot of Named Entities and other "garbage" elements (from my point of view of course).
Could you please suggest ML features which can be used for ML training? Current results are: precision =0.6, recall=0.8
Thanks
The task is not trivial at all.
The straightforward approach would be to find or create a training set. That is a set of headers with positive news and a set of headers with negative news.
You turn the training set to a TF/IDF representation and then you train a Linear SVM to separate the two classes. Depending on the quality and size of your training set you can achieve something decent - not sure for 0.7 break even point.
Then, to get better results you need to go for NLP approaches. Try use a part-of-speech tagger to identify adjectives (trivial), and then score them using some sentiment DB like SentiWordNet.
There is an excellent overview on Sentiment Analysis by Bo Pang and Lillian Lee you should read:
How about these features?
Length of article header in words
Average word length
Number of words in a dictionary of "bad" words, e.g. dictionary = {terrible, horrible, downturn, bankruptcy, ...}. You may have to generate this dictionary yourself.
Ratio of words in that dictionary to total words in sentence
Similar to 3, but number of words in a "good" dictionary of words, e.g. dictionary = {boon, booming, employment, ...}
Similar to 5, but use the "good"-word dictionary
Time of the article's publication
Date of the article's publication
The medium through which it was published (you'll have to do some subjective classification)
A count of certain punctuation marks, such as the exclamation point
If you're allowed access to the actual article, you could use surface features from the actual article, such as its total length and perhaps even the number of responses or the level of opposition to that article. You could also look at many other dictionaries online such as Ogden's 850 basic english dictionary, and see if bad/good articles would be likely to extract many words from those. I agree that it seems difficult to come up with a long list (e.g. 100 features) of useful features for this purpose.
iliasfl is right, this is not a straightforward task.
I would use a bag of words approach but use a POS tagger first to tag each word in the headline. Then you could remove all of the named entities - which as you rightly point out don't affect the sentiment. Other words should appear frequently enough (if your dataset is big enough) to cancel themselves out from being polarised as either positive or negative.
One step further along, if you still aren't close could be to only select the adjectives and verbs from the tagged data as they are the words that tend to convey the emotion or mood.
I wouldn't be too disheartened in your precision and recall figures though, an F number of 0.8 and above is actually quite good.