There's a folder with two files in it like: filename-3.0.1-extra.jar and filename-3.0.1.jar. The number and dots in the middle are the version, which can change. I'm trying to copy filename-3.0.1.jar to another folder.
Something like:
cp folder1/filename-*.jar otherfolder/
But the wildcard * matches both files. I'm trying to copy just the file without the -extra at the end. So I'm trying to match filename on just numbers and dots when I copy, something like this:
cp folder1/filename-[0-9.].jar otherfolder/.
But that's not the right syntax for the regex. Would appreciate any help here!
UPDATE:
I got it somewhat working with this:
ls | grep -e "filename-[0-9]\.[0-9]\.[0-9]\.jar"
But the regex seems a bit rigid. Is there a way to shorten it to something like "filename-([0-9]+[\.])+jar"?
So that even cases like filename-32.430.3.jar would also get captured?
Using extglob you can do this:
shopt -s extglob
cp folder1/filename-+([0-9.]).jar otherfolder/
Here +([0-9.]) will match 1 or more of any digits or dots.
Based on your edited question it appears you're trying to use a grep with a regular expression. You can use this grep solution:
printf '%s\n' *.* | grep -E '^filename-([0-9]+\.)+jar$'
filename-3.0.1.jar
you can do something like
cp "folder1/${##*.}" otherfolder
or
cd folder1 && cp -r -v $(echo -e $(ls | grep -e "[0-9]*\.*")) otherfolder/. && cd ..
Given:
$ ls -1 *.jar
filename-3.0.1-extra.jar
filename-3.0.1.jar
You can use a loop and filter out those that match *-extra*:
for fn in *.jar; do # with this glob, what DO you want
[[ $fn != #(*-extra*) ]] && echo "$fn" # and what you DONT want
done
Prints:
filename-3.0.1.jar
So your loop could be:
for fn in *.jar; do
[[ $fn != #(*-extra*) ]] && cp "$fn" otherfolder/
done
Related
I have 2 directories
testing_dir
testing_dir_win
So I need to cd to testing_dir. But here is the case
the directories can be
testing_dir or testing_dir-2.1.0
testing_dir_win or testing_dir_win-1.3.0
and my script should only take testing_dir or testing_dir-2.1.0 (based on which is available)
I have the long way of writing it:
str=`ls folder_name|grep ^testing_dir`
arr=(${str//" "/ })
ret=""
for i in "${arr[#]}"
do
if [[ $i != *"testing_dir_win"* ]] ; then
ret=$i
fi
done
but is there a one-liner for this problem? something like cd testing_dir[\-]?(This doesn't work by the way).
If your script contains
shopt -s extglob
you can use:
cd testing_dir?(-[[:digit:]]*) || exit
...if you have a guarantee that only one match will exist.
Without that guarantee, you can directly set
arr=( testing_dir?(-[[:digit:]]*) )
cd "${arr[0]}" || exit
use command with grep filters:
cd `ls | grep -w testing_dir`
this command will match the testing_dir directory without worrying for version.
P.S in case of many versions it will go inside the earliest version so add "head -1, tail -1" according to your usecase
I have a folder structure like the following:
2020-123-1
2020-123-2
2020-123-3
2020-124-1
2020-124-2
...
I need to create folders from the first 2 numbers and omit whatever follows the second dash (-). Then I need to put the prior folders under the newly created ones with the correct name.
2020-123
->2020-123-1
->2020-123-2
->2020-123-3
2020-124
->2020-124-1
->2020-124-2
I tried to write a script in bash like this:
ls -d */ > folder.txt
cut -f1,2 -d"-" folder.txt |cut -f1 -d"/" |sort|uniq > mainfolder.txt
while read line; do mkdir $line ; done < mainfolder.txt
while read line; do mv $(cut -f1,2 -d"-" $line) $line/ ; done < folder.txt
I couldn't make the last line work, I know it has issues.
Actually, you don't have to parse the directory names and build the hierarchy. You can make use of the -p option of mkdir, thus, an awk one-liner will do the job:
awk -F'-' '{top=$1 FS $2;printf "mkdir -p %s; mv %s %s\n",top, $0, top}' dir.txt
The output with your example:
mkdir -p 2020-123; mv 2020-123-1 2020-123
mkdir -p 2020-123; mv 2020-123-2 2020-123
mkdir -p 2020-123; mv 2020-123-3 2020-123
mkdir -p 2020-124; mv 2020-124-1 2020-124
mkdir -p 2020-124; mv 2020-124-2 2020-124
Note
This one-liner just print the commands without executing them, you just pipe the output to |sh if everything looks fine. Examine the output commands, change the printf format/values for adjustment.
I didn't quote the filenames, since your example doesn't contain any special chars. Do it if it is in the case.
So the final script is as follows:
ls -d */ | cut -f1 -d"/" > folder.txt
awk -F'-' '{top=$1 FS $2;printf "mkdir -p %s; mv %s %s\n",top, $0, top}' folder.txt |sh
In pure bash:
#!/bin/bash
for src in *-*-*; do
destdir=${src%-*}
[[ -d $destdir ]] || mkdir "$destdir" || exit
# This just prints out the command that will be called.
# Remove the "echo" in actual script after making sure it will run as intented
echo mv "$src" "$destdir"
done
In the script above it is assumed that each file name to be moved contains exactly two dashes. If it can contain two or more dashes then the destdir=${src%-*} line should be replaced with these two lines:
suffix=${src#*-*-}
destdir=${src%"-$suffix"}
For detailed information read the "shell parameter expansion" section in bash reference.
Additionally, a good read article is: Why you shouldn't parse the output of ls
Situation:
I need a bash script that deletes all files in the current folder, except all the files mentioned in a file called ".rmignore". This file may contain addresses relative to the current folder, that might also contain asterisks(*). For example:
1.php
2/1.php
1/*.php
What I've tried:
I tried to use GLOBIGNORE but that didn't work well.
I also tried to use find with grep, like follows:
find . | grep -Fxv $(echo $(cat .rmignore) | tr ' ' "\n")
It is considered bad practice to pipe the exit of find to another command. You can use -exec, -execdir followed by the command and '{}' as a placeholder for the file, and ';' to indicate the end of your command. You can also use '+' to pipe commands together IIRC.
In your case, you want to list all the contend of a directory, and remove files one by one.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o nounset
set -o errexit
shopt -s nullglob # allows glob to expand to nothing if no match
shopt -s globstar # process recursively current directory
my:rm_all() {
local ignore_file=".rmignore"
local ignore_array=()
while read -r glob; # Generate files list
do
ignore_array+=(${glob});
done < "${ignore_file}"
echo "${ignore_array[#]}"
for file in **; # iterate over all the content of the current directory
do
if [ -f "${file}" ]; # file exist and is file
then
local do_rmfile=true;
# Remove only if matches regex
for ignore in "${ignore_array[#]}"; # Iterate over files to keep
do
[[ "${file}" == "${ignore}" ]] && do_rmfile=false; #rm ${file};
done
${do_rmfile} && echo "Removing ${file}"
fi
done
}
my:rm_all;
If we assume that none of the files in .rmignore contain newlines in their name, the following might suffice:
# Gather our exclusions...
mapfile -t excl < .rmignore
# Reverse the array (put data in indexes)
declare -A arr=()
for file in "${excl[#]}"; do arr[$file]=1; done
# Walk through files, deleting anything that's not in the associative array.
shopt -s globstar
for file in **; do
[ -n "${arr[$file]}" ] && continue
echo rm -fv "$file"
done
Note: untested. :-) Also, associative arrays were introduced with Bash 4.
An alternate method might be to populate an array with the whole file list, then remove the exclusions. This might be impractical if you're dealing with hundreds of thousands of files.
shopt -s globstar
declare -A filelist=()
# Build a list of all files...
for file in **; do filelist[$file]=1; done
# Remove files to be ignored.
while read -r file; do unset filelist[$file]; done < .rmignore
# Annd .. delete.
echo rm -v "${!filelist[#]}"
Also untested.
Warning: rm at your own risk. May contain nuts. Keep backups.
I note that neither of these solutions will handle wildcards in your .rmignore file. For that, you might need some extra processing...
shopt -s globstar
declare -A filelist=()
# Build a list...
for file in **; do filelist[$file]=1; done
# Remove PATTERNS...
while read -r glob; do
for file in $glob; do
unset filelist[$file]
done
done < .rmignore
# And remove whatever's left.
echo rm -v "${!filelist[#]}"
And .. you guessed it. Untested. This depends on $f expanding as a glob.
Lastly, if you want a heavier-weight solution, you can use find and grep:
find . -type f -not -exec grep -q -f '{}' .rmignore \; -delete
This runs a grep for EACH file being considered. And it's not a bash solution, it only relies on find which is pretty universal.
Note that ALL of these solutions are at risk of errors if you have files that contain newlines.
This line do perfectly the job
find . -type f | grep -vFf .rmignore
If you have rsync, you might be able to copy an empty directory to the target one, with suitable rsync ignore files. Try it first with -n, to see what it will attempt, before running it for real!
This is another bash solution that seems to work ok in my tests:
while read -r line;do
exclude+=$(find . -type f -path "./$line")$'\n'
done <.rmignore
echo "ignored files:"
printf '%s\n' "$exclude"
echo "files to be deleted"
echo rm $(LC_ALL=C sort <(find . -type f) <(printf '%s\n' "$exclude") |uniq -u ) #intentionally non quoted to remove new lines
Test it online here
Alternatively, you may want to look at the simplest format:
rm $(ls -1 | grep -v .rmignore)
I have a script that queries the Twitter API for several queries, and then writes the raw data to a file with the query in the name, plus a timestamp. I'd like to have a script that, given the list of query strings (regexs?) and for all files in a folder, if one of the query strings is a substring in that file, move it to a specific folder. Right now I have just a script with just a few dozen mv commands, but I'd like a simpler and more maintainable version. Here's an example of what I'm doing now:
mv /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/*femin*/home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/feminism
mv /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/*patriarchy* /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/feminism
mv /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/*yesallwomen* /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/feminism
mv /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/*womanpower* /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/feminism
I would use a for loop:
for i in femin patriarchy yesallwomen womanpower; do
mv /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/*$i* /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita/feminism
done
That way the list is in the first line so it is easy to amend.
I would isolate data (the words to be moved to feminism) and code.
When you have more keywords (feminism and so), you can make files with keywords and check these keywordfiles for the files you are considering to move.
With ${fromdir} where the files come from, ${todir} where you want them and ${keyfiledir} with the keywords, you get something like
for keyfile in ${keyfiledir}/*; do
key="${keyfile##*/}"
find $from -type f | sed 's#.*/##' | while read -r file; do
echo "${file}" | grep -q -f "${keyfiledir}"/"${key}" && mv "${from}"/"${file}" "${to}"/"${key}"
done
done
How does that work? I tested the solution above with the following script.
from=fromdir
to=todir
keyfiledir=keyfiledir
rm -rf ${from} ${to} ${keyfiledir}
mkdir ${from} ${to} ${keyfiledir}
mkdir ${to}/feminism ${to}/so
touch ${from}/yesallwomen ${from}/women ${from}/some_femin ${from}/"help move"
cat <<# > ${keyfiledir}/feminism
femin
patriarchy
yesallwomen
womanpower
#
touch ${from}/yesallwomen ${from}/women ${from}/some_femin
cat <<# > ${keyfiledir}/so
stack
exchange
help
#
test ! -d "${from}" && echo " Wrong dir ${from}" && exit 1
test ! -d "${to}" && echo " Wrong dir ${to}" && exit 1
test ! -d "${keyfiledir}" && echo " Wrong dir ${keyfiledir}" && exit 1
for keyfile in ${keyfiledir}/*; do
key="${keyfile##*/}"
find $from -type f | sed 's#.*/##' | while read -r file; do
echo "${file}" | grep -q -f "${keyfiledir}"/"${key}" && mv "${from}"/"${file}" "${to}"/"${key}"
done
done
echo "Not moved"
ls ${from}
echo "Moved"
ls -R ${to}
A simple combination of mv and egrep should suffice. egrep can take a pattern list from a file (and then you get to use full regexp syntax, not just glob syntax.) Make sure to exclude the name of the target folder.
cd /home/nick/TwitterSearchToDatabase/queries_for_amita
mv $(ls | egrep -f patterns.txt | grep -v '^feminism$') feminism
I originally had a set of images of the form image_001.jpg, image_002.jpg, ...
I went through them and removed several. Now I'd like to rename the leftover files back to image_001.jpg, image_002.jpg, ...
Is there a Linux command that will do this neatly? I'm familiar with rename but can't see anything to order file names like this. I'm thinking that since ls *.jpg lists the files in order (with gaps), the solution would be to pass the output of that into a bash loop or something?
If I understand right, you have e.g. image_001.jpg, image_003.jpg, image_005.jpg, and you want to rename to image_001.jpg, image_002.jpg, image_003.jpg.
EDIT: This is modified to put the temp file in the current directory. As Stephan202 noted, this can make a significant difference if temp is on a different filesystem. To avoid hitting the temp file in the loop, it now goes through image*
i=1; temp=$(mktemp -p .); for file in image*
do
mv "$file" $temp;
mv $temp $(printf "image_%0.3d.jpg" $i)
i=$((i + 1))
done
A simple loop (test with echo, execute with mv):
I=1
for F in *; do
echo "$F" `printf image_%03d.jpg $I`
#mv "$F" `printf image_%03d.jpg $I` 2>/dev/null || true
I=$((I + 1))
done
(I added 2>/dev/null || true to suppress warnings about identical source and target files. If this is not to your liking, go with Matthew Flaschen's answer.)
Some good answers here already; but some rely on hiding errors which is not a good idea (that assumes mv will only error because of a condition that is expected - what about all the other reaons mv might error?).
Moreover, it can be done a little shorter and should be better quoted:
for file in *; do
printf -vsequenceImage 'image_%03d.jpg' "$((++i))"
[[ -e $sequenceImage ]] || \
mv "$file" "$sequenceImage"
done
Also note that you shouldn't capitalize your variables in bash scripts.
Try the following script:
numerate.sh
This code snipped should do the job:
./numerate.sh -d <your image folder> -b <start number> -L 3 -p image_ -s .jpg -o numerically -r
This does the reverse of what you are asking (taking files of the form *.jpg.001 and converting them to *.001.jpg), but can easily be modified for your purpose:
for file in *
do
if [[ "$file" =~ "(.*)\.([[:alpha:]]+)\.([[:digit:]]{3,})$" ]]
then
mv "${BASH_REMATCH[0]}" "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}.${BASH_REMATCH[3]}.${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
fi
done
I was going to suggest something like the above using a for loop, an iterator, cut -f1 -d "_", then mv i i.iterator. It looks like it's already covered other ways, though.