I have a configuration in Azure with a Virtual Network and 2 subnets.
In 1 subnet I have an App Service Environment v3 + App Service Plan + Logic App Standard. I have a workflow with an HTTP Trigger.
In the other subnet, I have an API Management instance, and I need to expose my Http triggered workflow as an API in APIM.
The DNS of the Virtual Network is hosted internally (on-premises) and not managed by Azure. There is no conditional forwarding setup for the moment.
Because of this, the URL of the workflow is something like ..appserviceenvironment.net/.
The DNS name cannot be resolved and I want to know what is the solution I can put in place to make it work? Do I need to create a private DNS zone for the ".appserviceenvironment.net" and add manually the private IP of the app service environment?
• I would suggest you to please refer to the github link below for more information and step by step details regarding the connectivity to a virtual network in an internal mode using the Azure API management: -
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/master/articles/api-management/api-management-using-with-internal-vnet.md
It states that API gateway, developer portal, direct management and Git are the only endpoints that are accessible from the virtual network that is configured in the internal mode for API Management instance. Also, the service endpoints will remain inaccessible until you configure DNS for your virtual networks.
Also, using API Management in internal mode will expose your cloud-based APIs and on-premises APIs through a common gateway in hybrid cloud scenarios. And to configure the common gateway, you will have to provision a private DNS zone and link it into your virtual network through a hostname which is configured on the service endpoints, one of which when using the private DNS zone is the API gateway with which you want to have a workflow with an HTTP trigger.
Please go through the link below for configuring the routing details related to API Management Instance in the virtual network: -
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/master/articles/api-management/api-management-using-with-internal-vnet.md#routing
Related
I want to restrict access to my Azure Container App with an Api Management in Azure.
I successfully linked the Api Management with the Container App and I have activated a Subscription with an Api Key that will prevent public access over the Api Management Service Url. The problem, however, is that the Container App can still be accessed over the public Url of the Container App.
There is still the option to set the Ingress Traffic in the Container App to Limited to Container Apps Environment but then the Api Management will not have access to the Container App as well.
What is the correct way to properly secure the Container App behind an Api Management Service?
For Azure Container Instances, you don't have the option to configure IP restrictions similar to Azure App Services. Instead you will have to first create a virtual network and configure a Network Security Group to Deny all traffic from the internet and allow only from APIM, and then deploy your Azure Container Instance to this virtual network.
See here for deploying an azure container instance to a virtual network : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-instances/container-instances-vnet
For configuring network security groups in your virtual network see : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-network/manage-network-security-group#work-with-security-rules
You app service is still accessible over the public internet because you haven't configured Access Restrictions in your App Service's Network.
What you need to do is go to your App service. Then select Networking from the left menu and Turn on Access Restrictions for inbound traffic.
Create an access restriction rule to deny from the internet.
Next create a second acccess rule to allow access from the APIM. Ensure the priority on this one is higher.
Read the Microsoft Docs on how to set app service IP restrictions here : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/app-service-ip-restrictions
Assuming your API management service has a static IP (not a consumption plan), you would need to use you own VNET:
Networking architecture in Azure Container Apps
Then using NSG, you could add an inbound rule to only allow traffic from the APIM service IP on HTTPS (TCP 443).
Azure container apps do now seem to have the ability to restrict inbound ip addresses
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-gb/updates/public-preview-inbound-ip-restrictions-support-in-azure-container-apps/
We have are looking at a similar architecture with a similar dilemma. Everything we have is secured with Azure b2c but if I want to make an internal container/microservice accessible to Azure Api Management I think I'd have to drop b2c (api management has no UI to log into b2c) and make it publicly accessible via the Ingress. If the inbound ip addresses are restricted to api management maybe that is ok. It does worry me that ip addresses can be spoofed although you'd hope Microsoft have thought of that.
Another alternative which I've not investigated but which does work for Azure functions is managed identities. This might not work at all with container apps though
https://www.svenmalvik.com/azure-apim-function-msi/
First, I think that it is good to explain networking architecture in Azure Container Apps.
Azure Container Apps run in the context of an environment, which is supported by a virtual network (VNET). When you create an environment, you can provide a custom VNET, otherwise a VNET is automatically generated for you.
There are two ways to deploy Container Apps environments:
External - Container Apps environments deployed as external resources are available for public requests. External environments are deployed with a virtual IP on an external, public facing IP address.
Internal - When set to internal, the environment has no public endpoint. Internal environments are deployed with a virtual IP (VIP) mapped to an internal IP address. The internal endpoint is an Azure internal load balancer (ILB) and IP addresses are issued from the custom VNET's list of private IP addresses.
I attach the image from Azure portal to show above two options:
Now going further, if you want your container app to restrict all outside access, create an internal Container Apps environment.
Now when it comes to deployment of the Container Apps to the Container Apps Environment, accessibility level you selected for the environment will impact the available ingress options for your container app deployments.
If you are deploying to an external environment, you have two options for configuring ingress traffic to your container app:
Limited to Container Apps Environment - to allow only traffic from other container apps deployed within the shared Container Apps environment.
Accepting traffic from anywhere - to allow the application to be accessible from the public internet.
If you are deploying to an internal environment, you also have two options for configuring ingress traffic to your container app:
Limited to Container Apps Environment - to allow only traffic from other container apps deployed within the shared Container Apps environment.
Limited to vNET (Virtual Network) - to allow traffic from the VNET to make container app to be accessible from other Azure resources or applications within the virtual network or connected to the virtual network through Peering or some type of VPN connectivity
Now in you case, what you are looking for is the architecture where you enable access to Azure Container Apps only through the Azure API Management. In this case you have to deploy Azure Container Apps Environment with Internal mode and set ingress traffic to Limited to VNet (Virtual Network).
I assume that Azure API Management can be accessible from the Internet. In this case you have to deploy Azure API Management inside an Azure Virtual Network. There are two possible modes: internal, and external. In you scenario, you can use external mode. More details can be found here. When API Management instance in the external mode, the developer portal, API gateway, and other API Management endpoints are accessible from the public internet, and backend services are located in the Azure Virtual Network.
Here I also attach the solution architecture to show how all these components are connected together. I also have Azure Front Door here but API Management is deployed with external mode. Please remember that you will also need private DNS Zone for your Azure Container Apps Environment domain, to make it possible to refer to specific APIs from the Azure API Management using URLs, example:
https://ca-tmf-mip-vc-api--v-01.blacklacier-cf61414b.westeurope.azurecontainerapps.io
Helpful links:
Repo with Bicep files to deploy Azure Container App with internal mode
Azure Container Apps Virtual Network Integration
I have two NodeJS App Services.
They can connect to each other with no problem using the URL which is created for App Services by default. (That is through the public internet.)
Then I successfully enabled VNet Integration for both App Services, and assigned the same VNet and also subnet two both of them.
How should I modify the connection URL now to connect to appservice2 from appservice1 (without using the URLs which are publicly available on the internet)?
I could not find any host name or IP address information in Azure Portal using which I could have successfully established the connection.
Thanks for any suggestions!
When you want two app services to connect to each other over a private network, there are generally two steps you have to take to set this up correctly. Note that the app service URL will always stay the same, it is only the networking part that changes.
Both app services should have vnet integration enabled, which allows the app service to route its traffic through the vnet.
If you want others (e.g. another app service) to connect to an app service via a vnet you can choose between:
a) Service endpoints
b) Private endpoints
Reading your question, I assume you completed the first step correctly. But you have to complete either step 2a or 2b to get this to work properly. I would recommend you choose service endpoints because they are more straightforward than working with private endpoints. Below you'll find a detailed description and considerations for every step.
1. Vnet Integration
The subnet you use as an integration subnet has to be a dedicated subnet. This means it is only used for vnet integration.
Only one app service plan can be used with this dedicated subnet, this one app service plan may include multiple app services.
If there is a network security group attached to that subnet, it needs to allow outbound traffic.
If there is an azure firewall attached to your vnet and you want to make a call to a public endpoint, it should allow outbound traffic.
Vnet route all should be enabled if you want all the outbound traffic to travel over the vnet.
If you want to read more, I would recommend reading this documentation.
Here is a simple example of how you would create vnet integration by selecting the dedicated subnet:
Service Endpoints
Service endpoints allow you to lock down inbound access to your app so that the source address must come from a set of subnets that you select.
Service endpoints are automatically provisioned by azure when you enable access restrictions to the app service.
This is a much simpler alternative to private endpoints.
Does not work in large-scale networks where you want to connect from an on-prem network to an azure vnet.
You may turn to this documentation to read about all the features and limitations of service endpoints.
Here is an example of how you would enable services endpoints for your app service by creating an access restriction:
Private Endpoints
Private endpoints also need a subnet, but you can connect as many private endpoints to the subnet as there are IP addresses available.
When you use private endpoints, you also need to have a private DNS zone. Otherwise, the app service URL does not resolve correctly to an IP address.
Private endpoints are more complex than service endpoints because of the extra subnet and DNS requirements.
Here is a nice tutorial that let's you set up an app service with private endpoint.
The following example shows you how to create a private endpoint for your app service. You have the option to let azure create a private DNS zone automatically, or you can do this manually:
If you want to access app services without public internet, then enabling VNET integration in those services alone won't be enough. You need to create a private endpoint that provides the IP from the virtual network to access the app service internally within the VNET and it also disables public access to the app service over the internet. Also please be aware that the private endpoint implementation will have some cost implications as well.
If your requirement is just to establish a secure connection between your virtual network & app service and to avoid access over the public internet, a service endpoint is the simplest solution. If you also need to access the app service from on-premises through an express route or Azure Gateway, a regionally peered virtual network, or a globally peered virtual network, Private Endpoint is the solution.
Steps to set up a service endpoint are detailed in the provisioning service endpoint link
Steps to set up a private endpoint are detailed in the connect to the web app using private endpoint link
Also if you want to deep dive into private endpoint configuration for app service, I would recommend you to read through the following tutorial
I have my APIs hosted on a azure windows virtual machine. I want that these APIs should be privately consumed by API management. If I make VM and APIM in same VNET and configure APIM as internal then my APIs exposed by APIM will not be accessed by public web app and If I make my APIM external then my developer portal will be publically accessible, which I dont want.
Is there any policy or outbound/inbound rule that can be configured so that APIs from VM, and APIM developer portal is not publically accessible?
From the document, if you select internal option in the virtual network of API Management services,
the API Management gateway and developer portal are accessible only
from within the virtual network via an internal load balancer. The
gateway can access resources within the virtual network.
In this case, you can deploy your APIM into a vNet following the common network configurations---dns and NSG rules. The API hosted VM should be able to resolve the develop portal with a private IP address.
I have azure app service which runs .net core web api. This api access several external API s to get data and those external services has to whitelist the outbound ip addresses of my app service.
Azure app service has several outbound ip addresses and it can be change when upgrade/downgrade app service or when make internal changes like changing app service plan or resource group.
Is there any solution in azure to setup this app service behind a forward proxy ?, so i can share the IP of the forward proxy to external parties.
I think the best way would be to add all App services under a virtual network and create a Virtual Network Gateway to all outbound connections.
This would potentially need below azure services to be created:
- Virtual network
- Subnet
- Virtual Network gateway
- Routing tables (to route traffic via Gateway)
A better way would be sharing a domain name rather than IP address. Here's how to configure it directly in the Azure Portal:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/app-service-web-tutorial-custom-domain
You can also add an API Management in front of your web app and use it as API gateway and also apply policies on it.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/configure-custom-domain
I created VNET in Azure. I put in one subset internal API Management which call Azure Function outside of the VNET and in another one Virtual machine. When I tried to call API Management I got a 503 exception. And if I try to ping private IP from the VM it doest work.
The other solution was to create Azure private link but in this case, I got the info by the link but did not be able to ping or call by private IP(got 400)
My solution was to run the web app instead of the AF in the VM because VM can be easily called by private IP in VNET.
How can I call API Management and other azure services(Azure private link) by private API?
From the official document,
API Management service does not listen to requests coming from IP
addresses. It only responds to requests to the hostname configured on
its service endpoints. These endpoints include gateway, the Azure
portal and the Developer portal, direct management endpoint, and Git.
You only could access API management service via hostname instead of private IP in an internal mode API Management. For this mode, you have to manage your own routing. If you use a custom DNS server in a virtual network, you can also create A DNS records and access these endpoints from anywhere in your virtual network.