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I am searching for files and directories using find, the files have leading dashes in the filenames:
ls -al
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 razhal staff 0 May 22 23:58 -x
drwxr-xr-x 3 razhal staff 96 May 22 23:58 .
drwxr-xr-x 12 razhal staff 384 May 22 17:06 ..
find * -maxdepth 1 -type file
The above gives the following error message:
find: illegal option -- m
I tried to terminate the options using --, but still having the same problem:
find * -maxdepth 1 -type file --
The strange thing is that if the folder contains a file without a leading dash I am getting no error message:
ls -al
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 razhal staff 0 May 22 23:58 -x
drwxr-xr-x 3 razhal staff 96 May 22 23:58 .
drwxr-xr-x 12 razhal staff 384 May 22 17:06 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 razhal staff 0 May 23 00:03 x
find * -maxdepth 1 -type file
The above returns the x and no error message.
My question is how can I find and list both files/directories with and without leading dashes using find?
Notice that I really want to use find and not some other command such as xargs or similar.
Use . instead of *:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type file
. refers to the current folder you are in. You can also use .. instead of . to search from the parent directory.
Another option would be to put ./ in front of * like this:
find ./* -maxdepth 1 -type file
This way it won't interpret the files whose names start with a dash as options.
Related
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According to documentation, command ln -f removes existing destination file. Does this mean that if I create a symlink, -f should remove of overwrite any existing symlink at destination?
I have a symlink, say, L, pointing to DIR1 and type ln -sf DIR2 L. But L still points to DIR1. Only after rm L this command creates a link pointing to DIR2.
With symlinks to files it behaves as expected.
What's wrong with links to directories?
(bash 4.3.48 on Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS and Windows WSL)
When you run:
ln -sf DIR2 L
This is creating a symlink inside DIR1 cause L points to DIR1 and ln dereferences it, creating L/DIR2 -> DIR1.
The following:
rm -fr DIR1 DIR2 L
mkdir DIR1 DIR2
ln -v -s DIR1 L
ls -la L
ln -v -f -s DIR2 L
ls -la L
will output:
'L' -> 'DIR1'
lrwxrwxrwx 1 runner runner 4 Oct 21 18:13 L -> DIR1
'L/DIR2' -> 'DIR2'
lrwxrwxrwx 1 runner runner 4 Oct 21 18:13 L -> DIR1
To handle that, use the --no-dereference option as indicated in answer in this thread on superuser.com.
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Please help
I want to delete the directory and corresponding sub directories from a path and i tried the below command and for some reason it is not deleting .
Any help is appreciated .
/hana/export/PHO> ls -lrt
total 0
-rwxr-x--- 1 phoadm sapsys 678 Sep 4 10:59 export_schema.sh
drwxr-x--- 50 phoadm sapsys 4096 Sep 5 00:23 2018-09-05
drwxr-x--- 50 phoadm sapsys 4096 Sep 6 00:23 2018-09-06
-rwxr-x--- 1 phoadm sapsys 248 Sep 6 00:23 export_schema.out
phoadm#SS4100:/hana/export/PHO> find /hana/export/PHO/* -type d -ctime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
phoadm#SS4100:/hana/export/PHO> find /hana/export/PHO/* -type d -mtime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
phoadm#SS4100:/hana/export/PHO>
It should delete 2018-09-05 directory but for some reason the above command not working .
Thanks
I think it should be
find /hana/export/PHO -type d -ctime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
(without "*"), otherwise you are looking inside the directories not in PHO as you want, because "*" will be expanded by the shell.
or this:
find /hana/export/PHO/ -type d -mtime +1 -delete
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I have a file That appears as ? ? in ls:
drwxr--r-- 1 johndoe gid-johndoe 93756 Aug 22 09:10 .
drwxr--r-- 1 johndoe gid-johndoe 574633 Aug 22 09:18 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 johndoe gid-johndoe 874857 Aug 12 15:25 ? ?
-rw------- 1 johndoe gid-johndoe 96342 Aug 22 08:41 .bash_history
When I try to grab the filename with sed, i get this strange output:
ls -la | sed 's/.*[0-9] //'
.
..
ash_history
I think the filename must have a weird encoding, but I dont know how to get a 'handle on it' so I can open/rename/delete it.
How can I get a handle to this file to open/rename/delete it?
Edit
When I type ls and hit tab to auto-complete, the file shows up as ^[ ^[
Thanks to this link from the comments I found a solution:
run ls -i to get inode number
run find . -inum <inode> -ok rm '{}' \; with the inode number to delete with 'are you sure?' prompt.
rm -i "$(ls|grep -E -m1 '\?|[[:cntrl:]]')"
be sure to use rm -i to verify matched files - match one at a time - the regex matches a literal questionmark as well as any ? displayed for invisible control characters
tested - created 3 files - with literal ? - with tab between ? - with ESC control characters - use CTRL-V to type control characters in a bash terminal
$touch '? ?' '? ?' '^[ ^['; ls -A1
? ?
???
? ?
$rm -i "$(ls|grep -E -m1 '[?[:cntrl:]]')"
rm: remove regular empty file '\033 \033'? y
$rm -i "$(ls|grep -E -m1 '[?[:cntrl:]]')"
rm: remove regular empty file '?\t?'? y
$rm -i "$(ls|grep -E -m1 '[?[:cntrl:]]')"
rm: remove regular empty file '? ?'? y
$ls -A
You should try with find and a regex.
find . -name "*" -exec ls '{}' \;
Find the test:
➜ t1 touch \?
➜ t1 ll
total 8.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 netsamir netsamir 0 Aug 22 19:02 ?
➜ t1 find . -name "*" -exec rm {} \;
rm: cannot remove '.': Is a directory
➜ t1 ll
total 0
➜ t1
Another solution is :
➜ t1 touch "\? \?"
➜ t1 ll
total 8.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 netsamir netsamir 0 Aug 22 19:05 \? \?
➜ t1 rm "\? \?"
➜ t1 ll
total 0
➜ t1
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I am running GNU Linux 6.2 on x86_64 hardware. I'm in a directory with 1237 files. I want to list the files created in the last 36 hours and since I cannot get -atime to work, I use "-amin 2160":
$ find . -amin -2160 -name 'Ar*' -exec ls -l {} \;
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2318 Aug 30 04:04 ./Archivelog_backup_08302015040300.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2317 Aug 30 10:03 ./Archivelog_backup_08302015100321.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 1920 Aug 30 16:21 ./Archivelog_backup_08302015160300.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2318 Aug 30 22:04 ./Archivelog_backup_08302015220300.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2318 Aug 31 04:03 ./Archivelog_backup_08312015040300.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2318 Aug 31 10:04 ./Archivelog_backup_08312015100320.log
But since I don't care what the name is and I want to see ALL files touched in the last 2160 minutes, I type this command,
find . -amin -2160 -exec ls -l {} \;
but it lists all 1237 files in the directory PLUS THE 6 that meet the criterion. Why?
Humbly,
Because one of the matches is the directory entry.
The real lesson here is to not use ls in scripts. find has excellent, unambiguous replacements like the -printf predicate. See also http://mywiki.wooledge.org/ParsingLs
You probably also want to add -type f to avoid listing directories.
find . -type f -amin -2160 -printf '%s %f\n'
What you put in the format string obviously depends on which information exactly you actually want to extract for each matched file.
The first name output by
find .
is
.
which, when sent to ls will list all the files in the current directory. In your first example, . was excluded by -name "Ar*" You could get the same effect by telling find to only emit regular-files (not directories) with
find . -type f …
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I downloaded a file using rsync and accidentaly provided it the destination as '.' (I thought it is the directory to download into). So it downloaded the multi-gig file but named it '.'.
drwxr-sr-x 2 root apache 4096 May 7 00:42 .
drwxr-sr-x 7 me apache 4096 May 7 00:25 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 1006 1006 2008805206 Apr 5 04:49 .
-rw------- 1 root apache 1675 May 7 00:25 somefile
-rw------- 1 root apache 392 May 7 00:26 anotherfile.txt
How do I rename the 2GB+ '.' file to something meaningful. Nothing I do seems to work (i've tried mv, rename, etc.) but they all say
Device or resource busy
You can use this mv:
mv ./.[[:blank:]]* myfile
Or else try this find:
find . -type f -maxdepth 1 -name '. *' -exec mv '{}' myfile \;
Yes its a superuser question. But I found a solution elsewhere, so thanks everyone for trying. We could do this using:
find . -type f | (let i=0; while read f; do mv "$f" "$f"-$i ; let i=$i+1; done)
Not the most elegant way and probably very insecure too (as there is no undo).
Type this from the directory where it is located.
mv ./. newfile