Excel VBA: string comparison does not work - excel

I am trying to compare an activeSheet code name with simple string, but the result is always true. I debbuged that and the variables values are different.
Sub Button_Supprimer()
Dim a, b As String
a = CStr(ActiveSheet.CodeName)
b = "Sheet1"
If (a = b) Then:
frmSupprimer.Caption = "Supprimer un matériel"
'frmSupprimer.UserForm_Initialize ("Matériel")
frmSupprimer.Show
End
End Sub
result

The result isn't always true, it's just that no statement in your code is actually conditional.
The existence of the : instructions separator token should generally be forgotten and left for golfed-up minimized fire-and-forget code that you would run from the immediate pane (Ctrl+G).
By terminating If {condition} Then with a colon, you have made the conditional expression be just an empty instruction.
Without it, the code stops compiling and you get a "If block without End If" compile error.
The correct syntax for a conditional block of code is as follows:
If {condition} Then
{conditional statements}
End If
Note that the End instruction is essentially a nuclear option for terminating the execution of the program; globals get reset to their default values, the execution context is terminated: rule of thumb, you want to let execution reach the End Sub statement and let the VBA runtime unwind its call stack normally: the End instruction stops everything dead in its tracks right there & then - and it's very, very rare that you actually need to do this.

Related

Trying to insert variable in match function in vba

I am getting an error while running this code, cannot understand what's wrong with this:
i = ActiveCell.End(xlUp).Offset(0, 1).Value
ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Value = Application.WorksheetFunction.VLookup(r, source, WorksheetFunction.Match("i", msource, 0), 0)
Application.WorksheetFunction invokes worksheet functions, but in the context of VBA code: normally in VBA, when a function throws an error, it comes in the form of a run-time error, and that's exactly what these functions do.
So you have two options.
One, handle (or swallow) VBA runtime errors:
On Error Resume Next
ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Value = Application.WorksheetFunction.VLookup(...)
On Error GoTo 0
Like this, when the right-hand side of the assignment throws an error (i.e. when the lookup fails), the left-hand side won't be affected and the target cell keeps whatever value it had before. Note the On Error GoTo 0, which restores runtime errors. This is critically important; without it On Error Resume Next will have your code running in some unhandled error state, and that is the single best way to hide bugs and make them pretty much impossible to diagnose later.
Two, use the late-bound version.
When invoked directly against Application, worksheet functions are late-bound. You don't get compiler assistance so watch out for any typos and make sure the parameters are good (you don't get a tooltip with a parameters list for late-bound member calls).
ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Value = Application.VLookup(...)
It's the same VLookup function, but now it behaves like it would on a worksheet, returning an error value instead of throwing a run-time error like a VBA function would. That makes the target cell value hold a #N/A worksheet error when the lookup fails.
Same applies to the inner Match function; now while nesting worksheet functions is how we do things in a worksheet cell's formula, doing that in code makes everything much harder than necessary - split things up, evaluate the Match separately, validate whether it returned an error value, then pass it to VLookup only if it didn't.
Dim matchResult As Variant
matchResult = Application.Match(i, msource, 0)
If IsError(matchResult) Then Exit Sub
Note that your code is passing the literal string value "i" to the Match function; you probably intend to pass the value of the i variable: you must remove the double quotes around it to do that.

Any posibility to modify the sub and function bodies created via VBA IDE

I am willing to add some code to the begining and end of each sub or function for enabling flow tracing / debugging.
Now I copy this (almost standard code manually into the beginig of each sub / function, and also before each exit sub/function and end sub / function statement.
Something like this
public sub a()
...
**logging_successful = pushCallIntoStack("sub a")**
...
On Error Goto errorOccured
...
**logging_successful = popCallFromStack("sub a")**
Exit Sub
...
errorOccured:
...
**logging_successful = popCallFromStack("sub a")**
...
End Sub
Being able to insert these standart codes via VBIDE as default - at least in the standard entry and exit points - will save me sometime.
What you want to do is technically doable but are you sure you want to add boilerplate code with hard-coded strings to all of your procedures? That is lot of maintenance which also makes it much harder to refactor your code. I've seen lot of error messages saying it came from "Foo" but they came from "Bar" because at one point the code was in Foo but then it got moved or renamed to Bar, but they forgot to update the string constant. There is no such guarantees that the string constants are in sync with the actual procedure names.
Before sinking potentially hours into this solution, I would encourage you to first consider third-party addins that can do a much better job of helping you getting the detailed error output you need. One such solution would be vbWatchDog which provides you not only the stack tracing but also much extended diagnostics... without any changes to your source code. Precisely because it can do without any embedding constants, it won't be liable to give you outdated information.
I should note that there are also other third-party addin such as MZ-Tools which provides a one click button for adding an error template that could conceivably be used to provide what you want. However, the operation is not reversible, which adds to your maintenance burden; changing a procedure would mean you'd have to strip away the old error template, then re-add, and if there's any customization, to re-add it.
If in spite of all, you insist on continuing doing it by your own hand, you can do something like the following:
Public Sub AddBoilerPlate(TargetComponent As VBIDE.VBComponent)
Dim m As VBIDE.CodeModule
Dim i As Long
Set m = TargetComponent.CodeModule
For i = m.CountOfDeclarationLines + 1 To m.CountOfLines
Dim ProcName As String
Dim ProcKind As VBIDE.vbext_ProcKind
ProcName = m.ProcOfLine(i, ProcKind)
Dim s As Long
s = m.ProcBodyLine(ProcName, ProcKind) + 1
m.InsertLines s, <your push code>
'Loop the lines within the procedure to find the End *** line then insert the pop code
Next
End Sub
This is an incomplete sample, does not perform checks for pre-existing template. A more complete sample would probably delete any previous template before inserting.
You may need to amend the codes for your own needs but below's the general idea (e.g. change "Module2" to the name of your module and include more checks to determine where to add in new codes)
Public Sub sub_test()
Dim i As Long
With ThisWorkbook.VBProject.VBComponents("Module2").CodeModule
For i = 1 To .Countoflines
If InStr(.Lines(i, 1), "End Sub") > 0 Then
.Insertlines i, "**logging_successful = popCallFromStack(""sub a"")**"
End If
Next i
End With
End Sub

Excel VBA On Error error

I am rather new at programming, and while learning Python also started experimenting with Excel VBA. I have an issue with the last one.
I have some large Excel sheets and tried to validate that data in specific columns matches data on another sheet in certain columns as they will be supposed to relate to each other by these values (and will be connected by a third value). To make this a bit more difficult, both of these columns may contain more than one value separated by "|". So, I have split these values in a list and I try to iterate through them to make sure all these values are set correctly, the connection will work fine.
All is fine as long as all is fine :) I have however an issue where there are two values in one of those columns and only one in the other. I would like this discrepancy to be noted on a sheet and then proceed to the next item.
The way that seemed to be applicable for me is to use "On Error GoTo ErrHandler", then note error on another sheet, and then user Resume to proceed.
Here is what I came up with:
For h = 0 To UBound(Split1())
For j = 1 To GetMaxRow("SpecificSheet", A)
On Error GoTo ErrHandler:
If Sheets("SpecificSheet").Cells(j, 1).Value = Split1(h) And Sheets("SpecificSheet").Cells(j, 2).Value = Split2(h) Then
DependencyOk = DependencyOk + 1
End If
Next j
Next h
ErrProceed:
Also ErrHandler is:
ErrHandler:
Sheets("Issues").Cells(x, 1) = "IssueDescription"
GoTo ErrProceed
It stops at line 2 with Subscript out of range for Split2(h) rather than moving on to ErrHandler and then ErrProceed. I have the feeling this must be something very obvious but I am just unable to get this working, and I am not able to find other way (like a try/except) in Excel VBA.
UPDATE:
Trying to clarify things a bit. The root of the issue is, that the Split2 list is shorter than Split1 - which is an issue with the input data and I'd like to capture this. I get the Split values from cells, where the values are separated by "|" characters:
CellValue = Sheets("SomeSheet").Cells(RowNumber, ColumNumber)
CellValueSplit() = Split(CellValue, "|")
And then iterate as:
For h = 0 To UBound(Split1())
So as Split1 moves on to the for example 3rd value, Split2 throws error and script stops. The best I was able to do so far was, that I let it proceed with the loop, but as this is a rather large sheet, it will fill the same error report ca. 200k times in this case, which I'd like to avoid. So I'd prefer it to proceed from after this loop once it hits out of range error, and proceed examining the next value.
Thank you for your help so far and in advance!
You have an issue with your syntax. The proper Error statement syntax is:
On Error GoTo <string>
On Error Resume Next
On Error GoTo 0
When using On Error GoTo <string> there is no ":" at the end. The ":" doesn't come into play until you create the target location. Example:
On Error GoTo Here
'// ---- Do something ---- //
Here:
'// ---- Handle the error ---- //
If you use On Error Resume Next, then you're telling the machine to ignore errors and proceed on to the next line of code.
When you useOn Error Return To 0, VBA will reset its error handling back to default. It's a good habit when using On Error Resume Next to insert On Error Return To 0 as soon as you no longer need it. On Error Resume Next has a real potential to break your code and make it behave strangely. Not to mention debugging can be a real nightmare. Check out the VBA manual from Microsoft for a more detailed explanation.
Finally, if your question is answered, you should mark it as answered.
vba-excelvbaexcel
The short and quick version is that VBA Error Handling Routine's only handle errors in the actual code execution, they do not fire when conditions expressed by the code are not met.
In your case, you do not need any error handling at all. In most cases it is actually best to avoid On Error GoTo .... There are cases where it's inevitable, but they are rare.
Try this IF THEN ELSE block:
If Sheets("SpecificSheet").Cells(j, 1).Value = Split1(h) And Sheets("SpecificSheet").Cells(j, 2).Value = Split2(h) Then
DependencyOk = DependencyOk + 1
Else
Sheets("Issues").Cells(x, 1) = "IssueDescription"
End If
Actually I have just found the issue. It was caused by a ":" left after an If statement a few rows earlier. I still don't really understand what it did, but I suggest not to reproduce it :)

VBA (Excel): Step Over debug and crash down with application.run

I'm working with VBA Excel.
I have the following function:
Function (...)
...
Application.run "subname"...
...
end Function
First question:
While I'm debugging with Step Over (shift F8) at Application.run line, the debugger go to "subname" sub that's it do a Step Into debug (F8 alone) instead of a Step Over (shift F8).
So the question is: is possible to do Step Over debug with Application-run?
Second question:
If I stop the macro during the execution of the Application.run command then Excel automatically close!
So the question is: there is an alternative to application.run command?
Thanks
I have been experiencing the same problem you mentioned and I tested creating an Application object to do the Run method, which solved the crash.
An example:
Function AddSpace(val1) As String
AddSpace = val1 & " "
End Function
Sub TestRunAnotherFunction()
Dim result, o
Set o = Application()
result = o.Run("AddSpace", "One")
result = result & "detail"
End Sub
But I was not satisfied and wanted to figure out why this was happening in both Excel 2013 and 2016. What I found was if you explicitly set a function to return a String, Excel will crash when you either Reset while in that function or an error is thrown in there (provided you do not utilise the Application object methodology above).
Coders more hard-core than me might be able to elaborate more thoroughly on what is happening behind the scenes to cause this. I do not want to speculate further. :-)

Stop VBA Evaluate from calling target function twice

I am having trouble getting VBA's Evaluate() function to only execute once; it seems to always run twice. For instance, consider the trivial example below. If we run the RunEval() subroutine, it will call the EvalTest() function twice. This can be seen by the two different random numbers that get printed in the immediate window. The behavior would be the same if we were calling another subroutine with Evaluate instead of a function. Can someone explain how I can get Evaluate to execute the target function once instead of twice? Thank you.
Sub RunEval()
Evaluate "EvalTest()"
End Sub
Public Function EvalTest()
Debug.Print Rnd()
End Function
This bug only seems to happen with UDFs, not with built-in functions.
You can bypass it by adding an expression:
Sub RunEval()
ActiveSheet.Evaluate "0+EvalTest()"
End Sub
But there are also a number of other limitations with Evaluate, documented here
http://www.decisionmodels.com/calcsecretsh.htm
I don't know of a way to stop it, but you can at least recognize when it is happening most of the time. That could be useful if your computation is time consuming or has side effects that you don't want to have happen twice and you want to short circuit it.
(EDIT: Charles Williams actually has an answer to your specific quesion. My answer could still be useful when you don't know what data type you might be getting back, or when you expect to get something like an array or a range.)
If you use the Application.Caller property within a routine called as a result of a call to Application.Evaluate, you'll see that one of the calls appears to come from the upper left cell of of the actual range the Evaluate call is made from, and one from cell $A$1 of the sheet that range is on. If you call Application.Evaluate from the immediate window, like you would call your example Sub, one call appears to come from the upper left cell of the currently selected range and one from cell $A$1 of the current worksheet. I'm pretty sure it's the first call that's the $A$1 in both cases. (I'd test that if it matters.)
However, only one value will ever be returned from Application.Evaluate. I'm pretty sure it's the one from the second eval. (I'd test that too.)
Obviously, this won't work with calls made from the actual cell $A$1.
(As for me, I would love to know why the double evaluation happens. I would also love to know why the evaluator is exposed at all. Anyone?)
EDIT: I asked on StackOverflow here: Why is Excel's 'Evaluate' method a general expression evaluator?
I hope this helps, although it doesn't directly answer your question.
I did a quick search and found that others have reported similar behavior and other odd bugs with Application.Evaluate (see KB823604 and this). This is probably not high on Microsoft's list to fix since it has been seen at least since Excel 2002. That knowledge base article gives a workaround that may work in your case too - put the expression to evaluate in a worksheet and then get the value from that, like this:
Sub RunEval()
Dim d As Double
Range("A1").Formula = "=EvalTest()"
d = Range("A1").Value
Range("A1").Clear
Debug.Print d
End Sub
Public Function EvalTest() As Double
Dim d As Double
d = Rnd()
Debug.Print d
EvalTest = d + 1
End Function
I modified your example to also return the random value from the function. This prints the value a second time but with the one added so the second print comes from the first subroutine. You could write a support routine to do this for any expression.
I face the same problem, after investigation i found the function called twice because i have drop down list and the value used in a user defined function.
working around by the code bellow, put the code in ThisWorkbook
Private Sub Workbook_Open()
'set the calculation to manual to stop calculation when dropdownlist updeated and again calculate for the UDF
Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
End Sub
Private Sub Workbook_SheetChange(ByVal Sh As Object, _
ByVal Source As Range)
'calculte only when the sheet changed
Calculate
End Sub
It looks like Application.Evaluate evaluates always twice, while ActiveSheet.Evaluate evaluates once if it is an expression.
When the object is not specified Evaluate is equivalent to Application.Evaluate.
Typing [expression] is equivalent to Application.Evaluate("expression").
So the solution is to add ActiveSheet and to make that an expression by adding zero:
ActiveSheet.Evaluate("EvalTest+0")
After seeing there is no proper way to work around this problem, I solved it by the following:
Dim RunEval as boolean
Sub RunEval()
RunEval = True
Evaluate "EvalTest()"
End Sub
Public Function EvalTest()
if RunEval = true then
Debug.Print Rnd()
RunEval = False
end if
End Function
problem solved everyone.

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