I try Volta tools on existing Node project. This is very great tools :)
But, can i use global package ? For example, i've run :
npm i -g gitmoji-cli
Then, i try to use gitmoji, but it's undefined on the command line. I'm on the right node version, but i don't really understand why the gitmoji is not found.
Do you know if I need other param ?
If anyone have already use this tool and installing global package .. :)
You can install global packages using volta install <package>. In your case, it would be volta install gitmoji-cli.
Volta will then install the package and make it available anywhere in your terminal. However, if you open the terminal in a project that has that package listed as a dependency, or dev dependency, Volta will use the package from the node_modules of that project instead.
For more information see: global-installs-done-right
Yes, Volta works Well with global package installation.
I try your command and it's OK:
npm i -g gitmoji-cli
if it's not working for you, try openning "cmd" with "Run as administrator" option.
or, as volta documentation recommends, enable "Developer Mode" in Windows:
NOTE
Volta's functionality depends on creating symlinks, so you must
either:
Enable Developer Mode (recommended)
Run Volta with elevated privileges (not recommended)
When you install a package to your toolchain, Volta takes your current default Node version and pins the tool to that engine
Related
I just setup a test, and tried to npm install express even though express already exists globally on my system. To my surprise, instead of using the global version, it ended up re-installing a version locally!? Isn't it supposed to use the global version... Or am I suppose to use -g every time, even when I only want to use the existing global version. Otherwise, what's the point of installing anything locally!?
The answer is "NO". It isn't supposed to use your global version.
If you want to use your global version, then you doesn't need to execute npm install at all because it is already installed.
If you do it then, obviously, you are saying "I want to install it locally to my project". And more than that: "I want to install its latest version unless it is declared in my package.json with other explicitly specified version".
In fact, the actual question is: Why in the hell would you want to not install a dependency of your project locally? To have more version mismatch issues?
As #anshuman_singh says, best practice is to always do an npm install --save.
You are able to use globally installed packages, of course. It could be handy for fast testing code that you will drop just after a few hours or so.
But, anyway: If you doesn't have really hard disk or network bandwidth issues, installing all dependencies locally will avoid you too much trouble in the future.
On the other hand, uploading that modules to your code repository is also a bad idea (maybe that is what you were trying to avoid) because, with different versions of node, most native modules won't work if not rebuild. But most VCS support ignoring files and or directories that must not be uploaded.
For example, in git (.gitignore file):
**/node_modules
In summary:
npm init (if you didn't already it).
npm install --save for all your project dependencies.
npm install --save-dev for dependencies not needed in production (testing stuff).
Don't upload node_modules to your VCS.
After new checkout: npm install or npm install --production (to not install dev-dependencies).
npm install -g only for tools you will use in console.
This way, you are sure that you will have in production (or other dev environments) the exact same version of each package.
And, finally, if you ever want to upgrade some package to its latest version, simply run:
npm install --save <pagkage_name>#latest.
If you’re installing something that you want to use in your program, using require('whatever'), then install it locally, at the root of your project.
If you’re installing something that you want to use in your shell, on the command line or something, install it globally, so that its binaries end up in your PATH environment variable.
The first option is the best in my opinion. Simple, clear, explicit. The second is really handy if you are going to re-use the same library in a bunch of different projects
Install locally-
npm install moduleName
install locally and save in package.json-
npm install moduleName --save
install globally-
npm install moduleName -g
In my package.json file, I have bower listed as a dependency. After I run npm install, bower gets installed locally. When I try to run bower after installing it locally I get an error
"bower" is not recognized as an internal or external command
It seems the only way to resolve this is to install bower globally. Why should I have to do this? If my project contains a local copy of bower, why won't node use it?
Installing locally makes bower available to the current project (where it stores all of the node modules in node_modules). This is usually only good for using a module like so var module = require('module'); It will not be available as a command that the shell can resolve until you install it globally npm install -g module where npm will install it in a place where your path variable will resolve this command.
Edit: This documentation explains it pretty thorougly.
You can execute your local instance by typing the line below in cmd:
node_modules/bower/bin/bower <bower args>
We use both PHP and JavaScript, so we have composer and npm.
Each of the projects we work on have different packages both for runtime of the package as well as build/dev tools.
As there are version constraints in each project, installing version x of a package globally (that would be run from the command line), would cause us issues, we install all the tooling in each package. Much easier to define in the appropriate composer.json / package.json files.
But running the CLI tools is a pain if you have to constantly add an additional path to the command.
To that end, we have recommend to the team that the following paths are added to your $PATH in the appropriate .bashrc (or equivalent):
./vendor/bin:./node_modules/.bin
(EDIT: For Windows, the paths would be .\vendor\bin;.\node_modules\.bin;)
So, whilst in project X, we have access to the CLI tools for that project. Switch to project Y, and we get that projects tools.
Sure, you are going to get duplications, but each project is maintained by different teams (and some people are in multiple teams), so again, having 1 version in the global setup is an issue there.
Usually you install NPM modules globally if you want them included in your path to be ran from the command line. Since it is installed locally you will have to run it from the node_modules folder.
I am trying to install Less from NPM by running npm install -g less in the command line. I checked the docs for the install command:
In global mode (ie, with -g or --global appended to the command), it
installs the current package context (ie, the current working
directory) as a global package.
What does it mean by "global package"?
You are not required to install Less globally.
Installing it locally means the module will be available only for a specific project (the directory you were in when you ran npm install), as it installs to the local node_modules folder.
A global install will instead put the module into your global package folder (OS dependent), and allows you to run the included executable commands from anywhere. Note that by default you can only require local packages in your code.
See the node.js docs for more info on global vs local packages.
Generally speaking, you should install most modules locally, unless they provide a CLI command that you want to use anywhere.
In the end, I suggest you install less globally, as less provides an executable command that you will likely need in different projects. This is also what the Less docs recommend.
From: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/npm/npm-1-0-global-vs-local-installation/
There are two ways to install npm packages:
globally —- This drops modules in {prefix}/lib/node_modules, and puts executable files in {prefix}/bin, where {prefix} is usually something like /usr/local. It also installs man pages in {prefix}/share/man, if they’re supplied.
locally —- This installs your package in the current working directory. Node modules go in ./node_modules, executables go in ./node_modules/.bin/, and man pages aren’t installed at all.
It simply means that the package you are installing while be available/integrated throughout your Nodejs platform.
When and why should I install node modules globally and locally? Why many manuals have "npm install -g" while other do not? Is this project or OS specific?
Taken from an official node.js blog:
In general, the rule of thumb is:
1) If you’re installing something that you want to use in your
program, using require('whatever'), then install it locally, at the
root of your project.
2) If you’re installing something that you want to use in your shell,
on the command line or something, install it globally, so that its
binaries end up in your PATH environment variable.
I tried to install socket.io with the -g switch
npm install -g socket.io
and it installed correctly I think.
but running the app it throws the cannot find module error.
Local install, i.e. if socket.io is present in node_modules in my project/package, works though.
So can't it be installed globally?
You misunderstood the meaning of global installation. It allows you to access packages directly from your console. But if you want to require package into your own application, you should add it as a dependency into your packaje.json and install it locally.
Here is the quotation from npm documentation:
Install it locally if you're going to require() it.
Install it globally if you're going to run it on the command line.
When you install a package globally, what you're saying is that you want to use it in your shell (cmd.exe). Something like nodemon is such a package that you would install globally but not include locally as it doesn't need to be included for your app to run, but instead is used to benefit you as the developer.
You install packages without the -g switch when it is necessary for your app to run. In this case it is necessary for socket.io to be installed. Note that locally installed packages should go into your packages.json file so that anyone who installs your app at a later date automatically gets the included packages. Global packages do not appear here.