Azure API Management and Function Apps - azure

I am trying to set up a new environment on azure.
The main idea is to have multiple Function Apps accessible only using API Management, so Im trying to set apps restriction to only Virtual Network.
I've done:
created Virtual Network with default subnet with address space 192.168.0.0/24
created APIM with Virtual Network set to External and connected to that VNet I've created
created Function apps within ConsumptionPlan with IP restriction only from the created VNet
imported APIs from Functions to APIM
set up AAD login
Now when I try to access some function endpoint directly (using the URL of the function app), it throws me 403 error, what is fine. When I call some endpoint using APIM, it redirects me to the function app URL and throws me 403 again. When I add my IP to allowed list of the function, I can connect, but also directly using function URL.
My idea was to have accessible e.g. https://apim.azure-api.net/endpoint-url and not directly https://functionapp.azurewebsites.net/endpoint-url (only using APIM)
Any ideas how could I proceed with this?

Related

External api management service can't resolve Azure function service name

Currently I am trying to use Api Management to expose an Azure Function http trigger that is within a vnet.
After setting everything up, I tried a simple GET request and I'm getting a 500 error telling me
"messages": [
"Error occured while calling backend service.",
"The remote name could not be resolved: '<function-name>.azurewebsites.net'"
]
My Azure function was:
Created with a premium plan.
enabled inbound traffic with a private endpoint.
deployed in the same Vnet as my api management service.
Added a httpTrigger template from the portal
Was set up with a Azure managed DNS name
My api management service was created in external mode and I linked my function to Api Management in the portal.
Things I've tried:
I've double checked that the correct security group rules have been opened for api management to work
I've ensured that both my api management (external) is in the same vnet as my Serverless function
I deployed a vm to the same virtual network and was unable to resolve the dns name of my function there. Used ping, telnet, nslookup.
Tried adding application settings to my function to specify the azure dns server, among other settings.
Ive check that my private dns zone is linked with my vnet.
Seems like a DNS name resolving issue, but I can't seem to fix it. Any ideas on what could be causing this error?
update
So it seems to be an issue with my private endpoint. Every function I create without one works fine, but I would still like to have the private endpoint so it isn't accessible from the internet.
I know I could probably lockdown my function to only be called from the api management gateway ip, but I would rather not have to hard code IPs if I don't have too.
Thank you MayankBargali-MSFT | Microsoft Docs Posting your suggestion as answer to help other community members.
As per the error, the APIM is not able to resolve your azure function
app. Can you please verify if the custom DNS is correctly setup and
you can refer to this
document
for more details. Outbound access on port 53 is required for
communication with DNS servers. If a custom DNS server exists on the
other end of a VPN gateway, the DNS server must be reachable from the
subnet hosting API Management. I will also suggest you to review this
document for the setup part.
Reference: External api management service can't resolve Azure function service name - Microsoft Q&A

How can I route outbound traffic from an App Service integrated with a VNet containing a Service Endpoint to an external Azure hosted API?

I'm trying to secure my containerized web app with a Premium V2 App Service Plan. I've enabled Service Endpoints for an integration subnet for the different App Services to restrict incoming traffic from each other except for the frontend (so all of them are integrated with the VNet and all have incoming traffic restricted to that VNet except for the frontend).
I have also other Azure services like Azure Functions or a Storage Account that can have inbound traffic restricted by using those Service Endpoints. However, One of the App Services calls an external 3rd party API that lies on Azure too. That API may or not be behind a static IP. However, it has a Custom Domain associated.
The problem arises when I try to connect to that API from one of the VNet integrated App Services. As the destination IP is inside one of the IP ranges that are added to the routing with the use of a Service Endpoint, traffic is sent via that Service Endpoint instead of simple Azure routing. I've tried overriding the route with a Route Table associated to that subnet but that seems not to be possible, with or without a NAT Gateway attached to the subnet. I guess Azure routing is prioritized here. I'm sure the route is not effective as I used it on a different subnet where I deployed a VM.
Is there any way I can use that Service Endpoint for my internal traffic only so it's not used when it goes to an Azure hosted API or I need to switch to a different approach like Private Endpoints or an ASE?
I am unsure what you're looking for but if you want to explicitly define routes you should try using app services setting "WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL" = 1 which overrides the default precedence of routing and makes sure that every outbound call follows the route defined inside route table of subnet.
Use the following steps to add the WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL setting in your app:
Go to the Configuration UI in your app portal. Select New application setting.
Enter WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL in the Name box, and enter 1 in the Value box.
When WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL is set to 1, outbound traffic is still sent from the addresses that are listed in your app properties, unless you provide routes that direct the traffic elsewhere.
We've been able to ask the 3rd party to disable blocking rules. It turns out they had a rule that blocked this specific traffic.
I already tried changing that setting, but didn't try putting a route table on it. However, it'd make no difference as I can't define a list of allowed outbound IPs belonging to Azure since we have no static IP to call.

Azure How can I call internal API Management service by private IP inside VNET

I created VNET in Azure. I put in one subset internal API Management which call Azure Function outside of the VNET and in another one Virtual machine. When I tried to call API Management I got a 503 exception. And if I try to ping private IP from the VM it doest work.
The other solution was to create Azure private link but in this case, I got the info by the link but did not be able to ping or call by private IP(got 400)
My solution was to run the web app instead of the AF in the VM because VM can be easily called by private IP in VNET.
How can I call API Management and other azure services(Azure private link) by private API?
From the official document,
API Management service does not listen to requests coming from IP
addresses. It only responds to requests to the hostname configured on
its service endpoints. These endpoints include gateway, the Azure
portal and the Developer portal, direct management endpoint, and Git.
You only could access API management service via hostname instead of private IP in an internal mode API Management. For this mode, you have to manage your own routing. If you use a custom DNS server in a virtual network, you can also create A DNS records and access these endpoints from anywhere in your virtual network.

Azure functions : Getting 403 error while accessing the storage account

I have been using azure timer based function in my project.
Since I started using the function, I was getting error 403 related to access forbidden from Azure storage account.
I tried adding AzureWebJobsStorage Key in function's configuration
I tried adding outbound IPs of Allowed ip ranges of azure storage accounts
I tried checking the option of allowing azure managed services to the storage account.
However, I'm still getting the error in that particular timer function of my function app. The other functions run properly.
Although, if I allow all the networks in storage account firewall and VN settings, my function runs proper.
Both the function and storage account are in same region.
I want to enable it somehow that I do not need to choose the allow all networks. What can be done?
In case anyone else is searching for this... I had a similar issue. I had a function app that I had created a private endpoint and regional VNet integration back with the VNet interacting with a Storage Account that also had a private endpoint with the same VNet. The Storage Account's network/firewall settings only allowed connections from the VNet (no external traffic allowed). Both the storage account and function app reside in the same region.
Attempt at fix #1 (not ideal):
I added code to determine what IP the function app was running from. That led me to add all of the IP's in the portal under function app --> Properties --> Additional Outbound IP Addresses. This is exposed by Terraform if using that.
Attempt at fix #2 (better):
The resolution is to ensure you have the proper function app settings set.
See: Microsoft documentation
Setting
Suggested value
Description
WEBSITE_CONTENTOVERVNET
1
Create this app setting. A value of 1 enables your function app to scale when your storage account is restricted to a virtual network.
WEBSITE_DNS_SERVER
168.63.129.16
Create this app setting. When your app integrates with a virtual network, it will use the same DNS server as the virtual network. Your function app needs this setting so it can work with Azure DNS private zones. It's required when you use private endpoints. This setting and WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL will send all outbound calls from your app into your virtual network.
WEBSITE_VNET_ROUTE_ALL
1
Create this app setting. When your app integrates with a virtual network, it uses the same DNS server as the virtual network. Your function app needs this setting so it can work with Azure DNS private zones. It's required when you use private endpoints. This setting and WEBSITE_DNS_SERVER will send all outbound calls from your app into your virtual network.
Note: The 168.63.129.16 is a static value for Azure DNS.
After setting all of these, my function app was able to connect to the storage account through the VNet as expected.
There're already some answers about this issue, you can see here and here.
In short, if the function and storage account are in same region, they communicate in an internal way without going through outboundIpAddresses.
The workaround is that create them in different regions.

How to allow azure function to access database hosted on Azure VM?

We have time triggered Azure Function deployed on portal to perform some iterative task at specific time. Our azure function uses the database deployed on Azure VM via connection string provided at AppSettings. The function throws following error on running:
MySql.Data: Authentication to host 'xxx' for user 'xxx using method 'mysql_native_password' failed with message:
Client with IP address 'x.x.x.x' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server. MySql.Data: Client with IP address 'x.x.x.x' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server*
When we white-list the IP mentioned in error message, the function runs successfully. But since the azure function has no determined work-station or PC of same IP that handles the execution, whenever the function runs from new IP, it throws the error back. Therefore, we require a mechanism by which we can white-list all IPs of PCs that will be running our function app OR some better mechanism to authenticate and allow azure function to access our database hosted on Azure VM.
What we tried?
We white-listed the Virtual IP address of the function app. But it doesn't work every time.
We tried to white-list the IP ranges obtained from Microsoft Datacenter of the region in which our function app is deployed. But this method also didn't work.
Azure application can't access database on Azure VM?
Thus, is there any way by which azure function can access our database deployed on Virtual machine securely?
I have opened up the issue on github but no reply yet from there.
Finally, after thorough researching, found the solution.
One need to white-list all Outbound IPs of Function App in Virtual Machine where DB is deployed. The outbound IP address can be found from resources.azure.com. On searching your resource (in my case Function app's name), there will be a long json output from where you have to pick possibleOutboundIpAddresses parameter as shown in the image. Whitelist all Ips and then your azure function app can access your database deployed on virtual machine.
Also, I searched whether these IPs tend to change on regular basis or not. While I didn't find any official word from it, but from various internet sources I came to know that even if the IPs gets planned to be changed ever, everyone will get enough notifications before that to prevent any problems.
You need to set up a Virtual Network (VNet) where both your App Service Plan hosting the Azure Function and the VM participate.
Then from Azure Functions, view All Properties > Networking and you should see the virtual network to connect.
This method doesn't require you to whitelist IP addresses for your VM and secures your VM by allowing only internal network traffice.
Note that your Azure Function must be set up on an App Service Plan, rather than on a Consumption plan.

Resources