I have a cassandra cluster running in the kubernetes environment, in a namespace, say test1, and I want to test the restore function. So I did a snapshot in the test1 cassandra, moved the snapshot to another node, from these data started a cassandra cluster in another namespace, say test2. The problem was, test2 cassandra cluster replaced test1 cluster totally, Customer's data that should write to the test1 cassandra cluster had written to the test2 cassandra cluster.
An hour later, I noticed this, stopped test2 cassandra cluster, and restarted test1 cassandra cluster, although it has come back to work shortly, but some data was lost.
After a while, I noticed there was some commitlog at that period in the test2 cassandra node, and want to recover these data. Can I just stop the test1 cassandra cluster, put these commitlog files into the commitlog directory of test1 cassandra node, then start cassandra, let cassandra to replay these commitlog ?
Commitlogs from one node can’t be played on a different node or
cluster. They are transactions specific to the node they came from.
source - read the notes ("Important note: A point-in-time restore requires a cluster restart for the commitlog replay to run" and "Some Helpful Notes for Planning")
Later update:
I'm not sure what you mean by "test2 cassandra cluster replaced test1 cluster totally". My assumption is that you restored everything, including system keyspaces.
If you did this, yes, then applying the commit logs might work since besides the IP's and the hostnames, the cluster is sort of the same.
If you look into the CommitLogReader code, you will see that a mutation is considered invalid if an UnknownTableException is thrown (basically if the id of the table is not the same between the commit log and the system keyspace).
I did a similar test on ccm and successfully replayed the commit logs after I changed the id of the table both on file system and in system_schema.tables.
From my perspective your cluster is pretty messed up. Although you could do this and it might work, I think you will always have a high risk of corrupt data.
So, since in the datastax documentation (which we could consider the base documentation for Cassandra) is stated that this operation is supported I am not recommending this.
Related
We have setup a apache ignite 2.9.0 cluster with native persistence using kubernetes in Azure with 4 nodes. To update some cache configuration, we restarted all the ignite nodes. After restart, running any sql query on one particular table - results in restart of 2 ignite nodes and after that we see lost partitions exception.
If we try to restart all nodes to recover from lost partitions, then its fine until we run any sql query on that table after which 2 nodes restart and we get lost partitions exception.
Is there anyway we can recover from lost partitions and overcome this problem? We also wanted to understand why its occuring?We could not find any logs related to this.
When all partition owners left the grid, the partition is considered to be lost, you might think of this as a special internal marker. Depending on the PartitionLossPolicy Ignite might ignore this fact and allow cache operations or disallow them to protect data consistency.
If you use native persistence, then most likely there was no physical data loss and all you need is to tell Ignite that you are aware of the situation, now all data are in place and it's safe to remove the "lost" mark from the partitions.
I think the most simple way to handle this would be to use the control script from within a pod:
control.sh --cache reset_lost_partitions cacheName1,cacheName2,...
More details:
https://ignite.apache.org/docs/latest/configuring-caches/partition-loss-policy#handling-partition-loss
I've been tasked with re-writing some sub-par Ansible playbooks to stand up a Cassandra cluster in CentOS. Quite frankly, there doesn't seem to be much information on Cassandra out there.
I've managed to get the service running on all three nodes at the same time, using the following configuration file, info scrubbed.
HOSTIP=10.0.0.1
MSIP=10.10.10.10
ADMIN_EMAIL=my#email.com
LICENSE_FILE=/tmp/license.conf
USE_LDAP_REMOTE_HOST=n
ENABLE_AX=y
MP_POD=gateway
REGION=test-1
USE_ZK_CLUSTER=y
ZK_HOSTS="10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.3"
ZK_CLIENT_HOSTS="10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.3"
USE_CASS_CLUSTER=y
CASS_HOSTS="10.0.0.1:1,1 10.0.0.2:1,1 10.0.0.3:1,1"
CASS_USERNAME=test
CASS_PASSWORD=test
The HOSTIP changes depending on which node the configuration file is on.
The problem is, when I run nodetool ring, each node says there's only two nodes in the cluster: itself and one other, seemingly random from the other two.
What are some basic sanity checks to determine a "healthy" Cassandra cluster? Why is nodetool saying each one thinks there's a different node missing from the cluster?
nodetool status - overview of the cluster (load, state, ownership)
nodetool info - more granular details at the node-level
As for the node mismatch I would check the following:
cassandra-topology.properties - identical across the cluster (all 3 IPs listed)
cassandra.yaml - I typically keep this file the same across all nodes. The parameters that MUST stay the same across the cluster are: cluster_name, seeds, partitioner, snitch).
verify all nodes can reach each other (ping, telnet, etc)
DataStax (Cassandra Vendor) has some good documentation. Please note that some features are only available on DataStax Enterprise -
http://docs.datastax.com/en/landing_page/doc/landing_page/current.html
Also check out the Apache Cassandra site -
http://cassandra.apache.org/community/
As well as the user forums -
https://www.mail-archive.com/user#cassandra.apache.org/
Actually, the thing you really want to check is if all the nodes "AGREE" on schema_id. nodetool status shows if nodes or up, down, joining, yet it does not really mean 'healthy' enough to make schema changes or do other changes.
The simplest way is:
nodetool describecluster
Cluster Information:
Name: FooBarCluster
Snitch: org.apache.cassandra.locator.GossipingPropertyFileSnitch
DynamicEndPointSnitch: enabled
Partitioner: org.apache.cassandra.dht.Murmur3Partitioner
Schema versions:
43fe9177-382c-327e-904a-c8353a9df590: [10.136.2.1, 10.136.2.2, 10.136.2.3]
If schema IDs do not match, you need to wait for schema to settle, or run repairs, say for example like this:
43fe9177-382c-327e-904a-c8353a9df590: [10.136.2.1, 10.136.2.2]
43fe9177-382c-327e-904a-c8353a9dxxxx: [10.136.2.3]
However, running nodetool is 'heavy' and hard to parse.
The information is inside the database, you can check here:
'SELECT schema_version, release_version FROM system.local' and
'SELECT peer, schema_version, release_version FROM system.peers'
Then you compare schema_version across all nodes... if they match, the cluster is very likely healthy. You should ALWAYS check this before making any changes to schema.
Now, during a rolling upgrade, when changing engine versions, the release_version is different, so to support automatic rolling upgrades, you need to check schema_id matching within release_versions separately.
I'm not sure all of the problems you might be having, but...
Check the cassandra.yaml file. You need minimum 3 things to be the same - seeds: list (but do not list all nodes as seeds!), cluster_name, and snitch. Make sure your listen_address is correct.
If you are using gossipingPropertyFileSnitch then check cassandra-topology.properties and/or cassandra-rackdc.properties files for accuracy.
Don't start all the nodes at the same time. Start the seed nodes 1st - the other nodes will "gossip" with the seed node to learn cluster topology. Shutdown the seed nodes last.
Don't use shared storage. That defeats the purpose of distributed data and is considered a cassandra anti-pattern.
If you're in AWS, don't use auto-scaling groups unless you know what you're doing.
Once you've done all that, use nodetool status | ring | info or jmx to see what the cluster is doing.
Datastax does have decent documentation for cassandra.
I have a single-node Cassandra setup for my application. To reclaim disk space occupied by deleted records (tombstoned records), I triggered a nodetool compact for my keyspace. Unfortunately, this compaction process got interrupted. Now, when I try to re-start the service, it does not recognise the keyspace (from the data directory configured in cassandra.yaml) for which compaction was in progress when it got interrupted. Other keyspaces like system and system_traces are successfully initiated from the same data directory.
Has anybody encountered a similar issue before? Also, pointers to restore a keyspace only from data files would be of great help (for the lack of maintenance of snapshots).
PS: Upon analysing further it was found that an rm command on the cassandra data directory was issued but immediately cancelled. Most of the data seems to be in place, but there is a chance that the Data.db file of the system keyspace was lost. Is there a way to recover from this state?
Seems like you have corrupted your setup by deleting System keyspace files, hence Cassandra might not be checking the same at boot time.
Try this:
Download same version of cassandra again.
Create your keyspace & cf schemas
Move whatever old data is left to new data directory(cassandra will only load the non-corrupted data) -
sudo mv /data/cassandra_old/data/[keyspace]/[cf]-[md5-old]/* /data/cassandra_new/data/[keyspace]/[cf]-[md5-new]/
It should solve it if I understand the problem correctly.
We have set up a backup/restore procedure for our Cassandra production environment via snapshots. The snapshot files, schema and token ring information are copied to S3.
The production cluster is a 3-node-cluster with a replication factor of 3.
For development and test, I would like to restore the snapshots from production into separated clusters. To save money and to keep maintenance easy, it would be nice to restore only the snapshot from one production node. Since we are using a replication factor of 3 in a 3-node-cluster, each snapshot should have all rows. Consistency is also not important for our use-case.
Is it possible (and how) to restore only a single snapshot?
All of your data should exist on all 3 nodes so copying the sstables from any 1 node to your test cluster should be sufficient. Making sure theres a recent repair beforehand may be good idea if worried about consistency.
First create the same schema on the test cluster. Then you can simply take a snapshot with nodetool snapshot -t cloneme. Once complete, copy all the sstables from the folder that is created (cloneme) into the equivalent tables folder on your test cluster. Then run nodetool refresh.
It gets much more complicated if you have a different topology (more nodes, different RF) but since your going with "every node has all the data" its pretty trivial.
Worth mentioning that OpsCenter has a feature to automate the copying of a backup to other clusters.
I am trying to connect Apache Cassandra nodes into a ring. They are not Datastax versions, but Cassandra 1.2.8 from the Apache website. When trying to add one as the seed of the other I get following exception:
Unable to find compaction strategy class 'com.datastax.bdp.hadoop.cfs.compaction.CFSCompactionStrategy'
Before that I change the "listen_address" and "rpc_address" to local IP address of each node. Next step I add one IP as a seed to another node. The nodes start up, an exception is printed but both nodes run fine until restart. After restarting either node the exception is printed and nodes do not run.
This is very strange - I do not have any DSE components.
Did you previously use any DSE components? If you did and are using the same data directory on any of your nodes, it may find old column families that were created with this compaction strategy. If you have no data you want in the data directories on all your nodes, you should clear them by stopping all nodes, deleting the directories, then starting the nodes.
Or if you have any DSE nodes still up, they may be joining the new cluster and propagating their schema, so creating column families with this compaction strategy. You can find out by looking in the logs and seeing which nodes try to connect. If any aren't from your 1.2.8 ring then this is probably the cause.
That error means you either had a DSE Analytics node in your ring at some point, or you restored your schema from someplace that had an Analytics node.
I would check if you have the folder /etc/dse/ on your VM, that would mean DSE was installed there.
To just wipe the node and start from scratch schema wise, you can stop the node, remove the /system/schema_* folders, then start the node. When it starts it will have no schema. Re-create any keyspaces/column families you had before, and they will get read from disk.