Queue overwriting in multi producer multi consumer queue - multithreading

In the following multi producer and single consumer fixed size queue implementation i see the queue being overwritten by producers.
Why is the queue being overwritten?
At this point am not looking at performance of the code but would like to see that every item pushed is consumed and is not lost.
How do i extend this to multi prod multi consumer?
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <utility>
#include <ctime>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <atomic>
using namespace std;
enum class returncode { QUEUE_EMPTY, QUEUE_FULL,SUCCESS } ;
atomic_long d;
class Queue {
private:
long* qdata;
atomic_size_t length;
atomic_size_t head;
atomic_size_t tail ;
atomic_size_t size;
std::mutex qmutex;
std::condition_variable qcond ;
public:
Queue(size_t len): length(len)
{
qdata=new long[length] ;
head=0;
tail=0;
size=0;
srand(time(NULL));
}
bool isfull()
{
if( size == length )
return true;
return false;
}
bool isempty()
{
if(size == 0)
return true;
return false;
}
returncode push(long data)
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> qguard(qmutex);
if(size == length) //if isfull
return returncode::QUEUE_FULL ;
qdata[head]=data;
head = (head+1) % length;
size += 1 ;
qcond.notify_one();
qguard.unlock(); //Should the unlock come before notify_one?
return returncode::SUCCESS;
}
//Its the users responsibility to check isempty before calling front.
//Read function
long front(void)
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> qguard(qmutex);
//if isempty
if( size == 0 )
return 0;
long d=qdata[tail];
return d;
}
void pop(void)
{
std::thread::id thisthreadid = std::this_thread::get_id();
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> qguard(qmutex);
while(size == 0 ) // check condition to be safe against spurious wakes
{
qcond.wait(qguard);// release lock and go join the waiting thread queue
return;
}
tail =(tail+1) % length;
size -= 1;
}
};
void produce(Queue* q)
{
while(true)
{
d++;
q->push(d) ;
//sleep(1);
}
}
void consume(Queue* q)
{
while(true){
//usleep(1000);
cout <<"Consume: Pop " << q->front() <<endl;
q->pop();
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv )
{
Queue q(50);
d=0;
int nprods=4;
int nconsu=1;
std::thread producers[nprods];
std::thread consumers[nconsu];
for (int i=0; i < nprods ; ++i)
producers[i] = std::thread(produce, &q);
for (int i=0; i < nconsu ; ++i)
consumers[i] = std::thread(consume, &q);
for (int i=0; i<nprods; ++i)
producers[i].join();
for (int i=0; i<nconsu; ++i)
consumers[i].join();
return 0;
}
Output:
Consume: Pop 1
Consume: Pop 2
... Sequential all upto the queue size and then q is over written.
Consume: Pop 49
Consume: Pop 50
Consume: Pop 51
Consume: Pop 52
Consume: Pop 53
Consume: Pop 54
Consume: Pop 55
Consume: Pop 56
Consume: Pop 64 --> 57 to 63 lost
Consume: Pop 72 --> 65 to 71 lost
Consume: Pop 81
Consume: Pop 89
Consume: Pop 97
Consume: Pop 105

Related

Named Pipe, Communication between 2 children

I have a problem with my code. I want to make communication between 2 children process. One of them is a server, which opens a file and sends each letter to the second process. The second process is counting letters and it should make a new file and save results. I have problems with the last step because the first process gonna finish faster than the second, what causes the end of the program. I have no idea how fix it. Looking for some tips :).
Here you got result.
My code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
//stale
#define FIFO "my_fifo"
#define SIZE 26
//zmienne globalne
int desk; //deskryptor pliku
int tab[SIZE];
//prototypy funkcji
void parentKillAll();
void server(FILE * file);
void client();
void cleanUp(FILE * file);
int checkEntryData(int argc, char *argv);
void replaceTabWithZero(int * tab);
void countLetters(int * tab, char ch);
void saveResults(int * tab, char *title);
void showTab(int * tab);
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (!checkEntryData(argc, argv[1]))
return 1;
replaceTabWithZero(tab);
FILE *file = fopen(argv[1], "r");
umask(0);
mkfifo(FIFO, 0666);
if (file) {
if (fork() == 0) {
server(file);
exit(0);
} else if (fork() == 0) {
client();
saveResults(tab, strcat(argv[1], "Result"));
showTab(tab);
exit(0);
} else {
cleanUp(file);
parentKillAll();
}
} else {
perror("Error");
}
return 0;
}
void parentKillAll() {
sleep(1);
kill(0, SIGKILL);
exit(0);
}
void server(FILE * file) {
char ch;
while ((ch = fgetc(file)) != EOF) {
desk = open(FIFO, O_WRONLY);
write(desk, &ch, 1);
}
}
void client() {
char ch;
while (1) {
desk = open(FIFO, O_RDONLY);
read(desk, &ch, 1);
countLetters(tab, ch);
printf("%c", ch);
}
}
void cleanUp(FILE *file) {
wait(0);
fclose(file);
close(desk);
}
int checkEntryData(int argc, char *argv) {
if (argc < 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Nie poprawna ilosc argumentow\n");
return 0;
}
if (access(argv, F_OK)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Podany plik \'%s\' nie istnieje\n", argv);
return 0;
}
if (access(argv, R_OK)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Brak uprawnien do odczytu pliku \'%s\'\n", argv);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
void replaceTabWithZero(int * tab) {
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
tab[i] = 0;
}
void countLetters(int *tab, char ch) {
int chVal = ch;
if (chVal > 92)
chVal -= 32;
if (chVal > 64 && chVal < 91)
tab[chVal-65] += 1;
}
void saveResults(int *tab, char * title) {
FILE *plik = fopen(title, "w");
if (plik) {
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
fprintf(plik, "%c - %d\n", (i+97), tab[i]);
} else {
perror("Error");
}
fclose(plik);
}
void showTab(int * tab) {
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
printf("\n%d", tab[i]);
}
The real problem is that the client process can never finish, because it runs an infinite while(1) loop without any exit conditions.
You should rewrite it so that it exits after reading all available data:
void client() {
char ch;
// Open the fifo only once, instead of once per character
desk = open(FIFO, O_RDONLY);
// Loop until there is no more data to read
while(read(desk, &ch, 1) > 0) {
countLetters(tab, ch);
printf("%c", ch);
}
}
This is technically sufficient to make it work, but you should also look into a series of other issues:
You should have two wait(0) calls so that you wait for both processes, and you shouldn't try to kill anything.
The server process should only be opening the fifo once, not once per character.
You should be comparing fgetc output to EOF before forcing the value into a char. Since you do it after, running your program on a ISO-8859-1 terminal will cause it to confuse EOF and the letter ΓΏ
You are using strcat on argv[1], even though you don't know how much space that array has. You should use your own buffer of a known length.
You should check the return value of all your system calls to ensure they succeed. Checking with access and then assuming it'll be fine is not as good since calls can fail for other reasons.
Canonical Unix behavior is to exit with 0 for success, and >= 1 for error.
It's good practice to use a larger buffer (e.g. 65536 bytes instead of 1) when using read/write directly. stdio functions like fgetc already uses a larger buffer behind the scenes.
Using a named pipe obviously works, but since you spawn both processes it would be more natural to use an unnamed one.

How to write to multiple files on different disks simultaneously in one thread with DMA?

I use aio to write multiple files on different disk in one thread. When I use buffered writing, IO processing is concurrent. But cpu loads is very high. When I open files with DIRECT flag, IO processing isn't concurrent.
How to write to multiple files on different disks simultaneously in one thread with DMA?
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <linux/aio_abi.h>
using namespace std;
long double timeDiff(timespec start, timespec end) {
const long double s = start.tv_sec + start.tv_nsec * 1.0e-9;
const long double e = end.tv_sec + end.tv_nsec * 1.0e-9;
return e - s;
}
// nr: maximum number of requests that can simultaneously reside in the context.
inline int io_setup(unsigned nr, aio_context_t *ctxp) {
return syscall(__NR_io_setup, nr, ctxp);
}
inline int io_destroy(aio_context_t ctx) {
return syscall(__NR_io_destroy, ctx);
}
// Every I/O request that is submitted to
inline int io_submit(aio_context_t ctx, long nr, struct iocb **iocbpp) {
return syscall(__NR_io_submit, ctx, nr, iocbpp);
}
// For every completed I/O request kernel creates an io_event structure.
// minimal number of events one wants to get.
// maximum number of events one wants to get.
inline int io_getevents(aio_context_t ctx, long min_nr, long max_nr,
struct io_event *events, struct timespec *timeout) {
return syscall(__NR_io_getevents, ctx, min_nr, max_nr, events, timeout);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
// prepare data
const unsigned int kAlignment = 4096;
const long data_size = 1600 * 1024 * 12 / 8;
//const long data_size = 2448 * 1344 * 12 / 8;
void * data = memalign(kAlignment, data_size);
memset(data, 0, data_size);
//for (int i = 0; i < data_size; ++i)
// data[i] = 'A';
// prepare fd
//const int file_num = 3;
const int file_num = 2;
int fd_arr[file_num];
for (int i = 0; i < file_num; ++i) {
ostringstream filename;
if (i == 0) {
//filename << "/data/test";
filename << "/test";
} else {
filename << "/data" << i << "/test";
}
//filename << "/data/test" << i;
int fd = open(filename.str().c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_CREAT | O_DIRECT | O_APPEND, 0644);
//int fd = open(filename.str().c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_CREAT | O_DIRECT, 0644);
//int fd = open(filename.str().c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_CREAT, 0644);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("open");
return -1;
}
fd_arr[i] = fd;
}
aio_context_t ctx;
struct io_event events[file_num];
int ret;
ctx = 0;
ret = io_setup(1000, &ctx);
if (ret < 0) {
perror("io_setup");
return -1;
}
struct iocb cbs[file_num];
for (int i = 0; i < file_num; ++i) {
memset(&cbs[i], 0, sizeof(cbs[i]));
}
struct iocb * cbs_pointer[file_num];
for (int i = 0; i < file_num; ++i) {
/* setup I/O control block */
cbs_pointer[i] = &cbs[i];
cbs[i].aio_fildes = fd_arr[i];
cbs[i].aio_lio_opcode = IOCB_CMD_PWRITE; // IOCV_CMD
cbs[i].aio_nbytes = data_size;
}
timespec tStart, tCurr;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tStart);
const int frame_num = 10000;
for (int k = 0; k < frame_num; ++k) {
for (int i = 0; i < file_num; ++i) {
/* setup I/O control block */
cbs[i].aio_buf = (uint64_t)data;
//cbs[i].aio_offset = k * data_size;
}
ret = io_submit(ctx, file_num, cbs_pointer);
if (ret < 0) {
perror("io_submit");
return -1;
}
/* get reply */
ret = io_getevents(ctx, file_num, file_num, events, NULL);
//printf("events: %d, k: %d\n", ret, k);
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tCurr);
cout << "frame: " << frame_num << " time: " << timeDiff(tStart, tCurr) << endl;
ret = io_destroy(ctx);
if (ret < 0) {
perror("io_destroy");
return -1;
}
// close fd
for (int i = 0; i < file_num; ++i) {
fsync(fd_arr[i]);
close(fd_arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Linux can make writes actually async if and only if the physical extents being written are allocated on the disc already. Otherwise it has to take a mutex and do the allocation first, thus everything becomes synchronous.
Note that truncating the file to a new length usually doesn't actually allocate the underlying extents. You need to prewrite the contents first. Thereafter, rewriting the same extents will now be done async and thus become concurrent.
As you might be gathering, async file i/o on Linux is not great, though it keeps on getting better over time. Windows or FreeBSD have far superior implementations. Even OS X is not terrible. Use any of those instead.

Inject code into process in ubuntu 64bit

I'm learning ptrace by the article "playing with ptrace".
Now I can set breakpoint by replacing tracee's instruction with "syscall" but can't inject code successfully.
In X86 , the print can use "int 80" then pause process by "int3".
How can I inject code that has instruction "syscall " and stop process when the inject code finish in x64 Thanks.
The code I inject is this
section .text
global main
main:
mov rax, 1
mov rdi, 1
mov rsi, message
mov rdx, 13
syscall
int3
message:
db "Hello world", 10
My code is
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/reg.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define LONG_SIZE 8
void getdata(pid_t child, long addr,char *str,int len)
{
char *laddr = str;
int i = 0,j = len/LONG_SIZE;
union u{
long val;
char chars[LONG_SIZE];
} word;
while(i<j)
{
word.val = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKDATA,child,addr + i*LONG_SIZE,NULL);
if(word.val == -1)
perror("trace error");
memcpy(laddr,word.chars,LONG_SIZE);
++i;
laddr += LONG_SIZE;
}
j = len %LONG_SIZE;
if(j!=0)
{
word.val == ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKDATA,child,addr + i*LONG_SIZE,NULL);
if(word.val == -1)
perror("trace error");
}
str[len] = '\0';
}
void putdata(pid_t child,long addr,char *str,int len)
{
char *laddr = str;
int i = 0, j = len/LONG_SIZE;
union u{
long val;
char chars[LONG_SIZE];
}word;
while(i<j)
{
memcpy(word.chars,laddr,LONG_SIZE);
if(ptrace(PTRACE_POKEDATA,child,addr+i*LONG_SIZE,word.val) == -1)
perror("trace error");
++i;
laddr += LONG_SIZE;
}
j = len % LONG_SIZE;
if(j != 0)
{
word.val = 0;
memcpy(word.chars,laddr,j);
if(ptrace(PTRACE_POKEDATA,child,addr+i*LONG_SIZE,word.val) == -1)
perror("trace error");
}
}
void printBytes(const char* tip,char* codes,int len)
{
int i;
printf("%s :",tip);
for(i = 0;i<len;++i)
{
printf("%02x ",(unsigned char)codes[i]);
}
puts("");
}
#define CODE_SIZE 48
int main(int argc ,char *argv[])
{
if(argc != 2)
{
puts("no pid input");
exit(1);
}
pid_t traced_process;
struct user_regs_struct regs;
long ins;
char code[CODE_SIZE] = {0xb8,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xbf,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x48,0xbe,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xba,0x0d,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0f,0x05,0xcc,0x48,0x65,0x6c,0x6c,0x6f,0x20,0x77,0x6f,0x72,0x6c,0x64,0x0a};
char backup[CODE_SIZE];
traced_process = atoi(argv[1]);
printf("try to attach pid:%u\n",traced_process);
if(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH,traced_process,NULL,NULL) == -1)
{
perror("trace attach error");
}
wait(NULL);
if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS,traced_process,NULL,&regs) == -1)
{
perror("trace get regs error");
}
//copy instructions into backup variable
getdata(traced_process,regs.rip,backup,CODE_SIZE);
printBytes("get tracee instuction",backup,CODE_SIZE);
puts("try to inject code");
putdata(traced_process,regs.rip,code,CODE_SIZE);
puts("inject success, tracee continue");
if(ptrace(PTRACE_CONT,traced_process,NULL,NULL) == -1)
{
perror("trace continue error");
}
//wait tracee to execute int3 to stop
wait(NULL);
puts("inject code finish, Press <Enter> to continue");
getchar();
printBytes("place inject instructions with backup instructions",backup,CODE_SIZE);
putdata(traced_process,regs.rip,backup,CODE_SIZE);
ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS,traced_process,NULL,&regs);
ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH,traced_process,NULL,NULL);
return 0;
}
It doesn't work, only can make tracee stop and resume. what's wrong with it?
run it in ubuntu 16.04 64bit.
You said it yourself. Use a command that raises a signal.
Debuggers use int 3, for a very simple reason. While every single software interrupt you raise is a couple of bytes long (one for the int command, and another for the interrupt number), int 3 is a single byte instruction. It is that precisely so it can be easily injected (and then removed) by a debugger.
To summarize, since you are on x86_64, replace the int 80 injection with syscall, but leave the other software interrupt as they were.
I know the reason. the asm code that I post is not PIC, when it is injected into tracee's memory, string address is wrong, so it failed.
right asm code should be
section .text
global main
main:
jmp forward
backward:
pop rsi
mov rax, 1
mov rdi, 1
mov rdx, 13
syscall
int3
forward:
call backward
db "Hello world",0xa

Linux: POSIX Timers ignore Thread Priority

I have a Thread which has to run every millisecond. When no other thread of the program is active, everything is fine. But if more than 3 other threads are running, the Timer-Thread is only called less than 100 times per second (on my test machine).
It seems that the priority settings of the Timer are ignored.
I have tested this with Kernel Versions 3.12 and 3.18.
Test code, which prints some values after 10000 calls of the timer thread (so normally after 10 seconds):
#define NTHREADS 3
#include <sched.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <signal.h>
timer_t timer;
unsigned long long val = 0;
pthread_attr_t attrHigh, attrLow;
void TimerTestThread()
{
val++;
if(val >= 10000)
printf("%i ", val);
}
void BusyThread()
{
int a;
while(1)
{
a++;
}
}
int main()
{
pthread_attr_init(&attrHigh);
pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attrHigh, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED);
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&attrHigh, SCHED_FIFO);
struct sched_param paramHigh;
paramHigh.sched_priority = 90;
pthread_attr_setschedparam(&attrHigh, &paramHigh);
pthread_attr_init(&attrLow);
pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attrLow, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED);
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&attrLow, SCHED_FIFO);
struct sched_param paramLow;
paramLow.sched_priority = 1;
pthread_attr_setschedparam(&attrLow, &paramLow);
struct sigevent evp;
evp.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
evp.sigev_notify_function = TimerTestThread;
evp.sigev_notify_attributes = &attrHigh;
struct itimerspec value;
value.it_interval.tv_sec = 0; // Interval
value.it_interval.tv_nsec = 1000000;
value.it_value.tv_sec = 0; // Initial Expiration
value.it_value.tv_nsec = 1000000;
int i;
pthread_t threads[NTHREADS];
for(i=0; i<NTHREADS;i++)
{
pthread_create(&(threads[i]), &attrLow, BusyThread, NULL);
}
if(timer_create(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &evp, &timer) != 0)
{
i = 5;
}
if(timer_settime(timer, 0, &value, NULL) != 0)
{
i = 6;
}
while(1);
}
I do not understand why the behavior is like this. Maybe you see something i missed.
EDIT: Corrected a silly source copy error

Segmentation Fault when using Threads and Semaphores, Mac Vs Linux

My problem deals with a segmentation fault that I get when I run this program on a linux machine versus my own mac computer. This program runs how I believe it should on my own mac computer, yet when I try to run it on my school's linux computers, I get a segmentation fault that doesn't appear on my mac computer. I'll give a brief background on the assignment and then go over the problem in more detail.
So I have this program which basically simulates baboons crossing a ravine with a single rope. Only one baboon can cross at a time and there are certain restraints on the number of baboons that can cross at a time, as well as how many baboons can cross from one direction before baboons from the other direction are allowed to cross. The implementation of the code.
I have searched for segmentation fault questions already here on stackoverflow, yet most of them deal with multiple processes whereas I am merely using different threads. The segmentation fault ends up coming from waiting on a semaphore that doesn't exist, yet when I checked to see whether it was initialized, it was successfully initialized. Again, this program works on my mac but then doesn't work when I try to run it on my Mac. Any help at all understanding why it can't run on the linux machines but can run on the mac. If any more information is needed, I would be happy to provide it. I did error check at one point but that code was deleted off the school computers. My error checking, as far as I remember, didn't show any errors.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h> //for mode flags, if needed for future use
#define ATOB_COUNT 20
#define BTOA_COUNT 20
#define RANDOM_SEED 2123
//semaphore names
#define MUTEX_SEM "/mutex"
#define TOB_SEM "/toB"
#define TOA_SEM "/toA"
//define methods here if needed
void *toAThread(void *threadId);
void *toBThread(void *threadId);
void my_sleep(int limit);
void sem_open_errorCheck(char *name, unsigned int startingValue, sem_t *result);
//defining semaphores and shared variables
sem_t *mutex, *toB, *toA;
int xingCount = 0;
int xedCount = 0;
int toBWaitCount = 0;
int toAWaitCount = 0;
enum xingDirectionTypes {
none,
aToB,
bToA
};
enum xingDirectionTypes xingDirection = none;
char orderLeaving[100];
struct threadInfo {
int threadId;
};
struct threadInfo atobIDs[ATOB_COUNT];
struct threadInfo btoaIDs[BTOA_COUNT];
int main(void) {
pthread_t atobPTHREADS[ATOB_COUNT];
pthread_t btoaPTHREADS[BTOA_COUNT];
pthread_attr_t attr;
void *status;
srandom(RANDOM_SEED);
//call helper method which creates semaphore and errorchecks
sem_open_errorCheck(MUTEX_SEM, (unsigned int)1, mutex);
sem_open_errorCheck(TOA_SEM, (unsigned int)0, toA);
sem_open_errorCheck(TOB_SEM, (unsigned int)0, toB);
//Creating a set of attributes to send to the threads
pthread_attr_init(&attr);
pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
//spawn toB baboons
int counter;
for (counter = 0; counter < BTOA_COUNT; counter++) {
atobIDs[counter].threadId = counter;
int result;
if ((result = pthread_create(&atobPTHREADS[counter], &attr, toBThread, (void*) &atobIDs[counter])) == -1) {
perror("Thread Creation Error: atob baboon");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
//spawn toA baboons
for (counter = 0; counter < ATOB_COUNT; counter++) {
btoaIDs[counter].threadId = counter + 20;
int result;
if ((result = pthread_create(&btoaPTHREADS[counter], &attr, toAThread, (void*) &btoaIDs[counter])) == -1) {
perror("Thread Creation Error: btoa baboon");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
//Wait for all the threads to finish
for(counter = 0; counter < ATOB_COUNT; counter++)
{
int result = pthread_join(atobPTHREADS[counter], &status);
if(result == -1)
{
perror("Thread Join: AtoB");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
for(counter = 0; counter < BTOA_COUNT; counter++)
{
int result = pthread_join(btoaPTHREADS[counter], &status);
if(result == -1)
{
perror("Thread Join: BtoA");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
printf("The order leaving %s", orderLeaving);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
void *toBThread(void *threadId) {
struct threadInfo *info;
info = (struct threadInfo *)threadId;
int id = info->threadId;
my_sleep(100); //simulate being idle for 1-100ms
//for order checking
char *baboonOrder;
baboonOrder = "B ";
strcat(orderLeaving, baboonOrder);
sem_wait(mutex);
if ((xingDirection == aToB || xingDirection == none) && xingCount < 5 && (xedCount + xingCount) < 10) { //there is an extra parenthesis here in the solutions
xingDirection = aToB;
xingCount++;
printf("AtoB baboon (thread %d) got on the rope\n", id);
sem_post(mutex);
}
else {
toBWaitCount++;
sem_post(mutex);
sem_wait(toB);
toBWaitCount--;
xingCount++;
xingDirection = aToB;
printf("AtoB baboon (thread %d) got on the rope\n", id);
sem_post(mutex);
}
//CROSSING
sem_wait(mutex);
printf("AtoB baboon (thread %d) got off the rope\n", id);
xedCount++;
xingCount--;
if (toBWaitCount != 0 && (((xedCount+xingCount)<10) || ((xedCount+xingCount) >= 10 && toAWaitCount == 0))) {
sem_post(toB);
}
else {
if (xingCount == 0 && toAWaitCount != 0 && (toBWaitCount == 0 || (xedCount + xingCount)>=10)) {
xingDirection = bToA;
xedCount = 0;
sem_post(toA);
}
else {
if (xingCount == 0 && toBWaitCount == 0 && toAWaitCount == 0) {
xingDirection = none;
xedCount = 0;
sem_post(mutex);
}
else {
sem_post(mutex);
}
}
}
}
/*
baboons going from side a to side b
*/
void *toAThread(void *threadId) {
struct threadInfo *info;
info = (struct threadInfo *)threadId;
int id = info->threadId;
my_sleep(100);
//for order checking
char *baboonOrder;
baboonOrder = "A ";
strcat(orderLeaving, baboonOrder);
sem_wait(mutex);
if ((xingDirection == bToA || xingDirection == none) && xingCount < 5 && (xedCount + xingCount) < 10) { //there is an extra parenthesis here in the solutions
xingDirection = bToA;
xingCount++;
printf("BtoA baboon (thread %d) got on the rope\n", id);
sem_post(mutex);
}
else {
toAWaitCount++;
sem_post(mutex);
sem_wait(toA);
toAWaitCount--;
xingCount++;
xingDirection = bToA;
printf("BtoA baboon (thread %d) got on the rope\n", id);
sem_post(mutex);
}
//CROSSING
sem_wait(mutex);
printf("BtoA baboon (thread %d) got off the rope\n", id);
xedCount++;
xingCount--;
if (toAWaitCount != 0 && (((xedCount+xingCount)<10) || ((xedCount+xingCount) >= 10 && toBWaitCount == 0))) {
sem_post(toA);
}
else {
if (xingCount == 0 && toBWaitCount != 0 && (toAWaitCount == 0 || (xedCount + xingCount)>=10)) {
xingDirection = aToB;
xedCount = 0;
sem_post(toB);
}
else {
if (xingCount == 0 && toAWaitCount == 0 && toBWaitCount == 0) {
xingDirection = none;
xedCount = 0;
sem_post(mutex);
}
else {
sem_post(mutex);
}
}
}
}
//taken with permission from readers/writers problem
//Puts the calling thread to sleep to simulate both random start times and random workloads
void my_sleep(int limit) {
struct timespec time_ns;
int duration = random() % limit + 1;
time_ns.tv_sec = 0;
time_ns.tv_nsec = duration * 1000000;
int result = nanosleep(&time_ns, NULL);
if (result != 0)
{
perror("Nanosleep");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
void sem_open_errorCheck(char *name, unsigned int startingValue, sem_t *result) {
sem_unlink(name);
result = sem_open(name, O_CREAT, 0600, startingValue);
if (result == -1) {
perror("sem_open error: semaphore failed to open correctly");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
How to debug stuff like this
The best way to debug this is to run it using the gdb debugger. Like this:
gdb my-monkey-program
(gdb) run
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
(gdb) info threads
(gdb) bt
Another excellent idea is to run it with valgrind:
valgrind ./my-monkey-program
which will tell you about invalid memory accesses and all sorts of things.
Your specific problem
gdb reports that the call stack is:
#0 sem_wait () at ../nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/sem_wait.S:45
#1 0x0000000000400e8d in toAThread (threadId=0x602160) at test.c:190
#2 0x00007ffff7bc4e9a in start_thread (arg=0x7fffed7e9700) at pthread_create.c:308
#3 0x00007ffff78f1cbd in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S:112
#4 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
Here are the line numbers from my compile:
187 baboonOrder = "A ";
188 strcat(orderLeaving, baboonOrder);
189
190 sem_wait(mutex);
This is because mutex is NULL.
Why it breaks
You're never actually assigning to the mutex variable. You're passing a pointer into sem_open_errorCheck, but what you really need to pass is a pointer-to-a-pointer. Presumably the same applies to toA and toB.
It's just luck that it worked on the Mac!

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