Can't find a solution, although thousands of variants of this question have been asked before.
I have several text files in a directory. I want to add one column to the beginning of each file. The added column for the first file is a column of 0's, for the second file it is a column of 1's, for the third file it is a column of 2's etc.
So, how to turn this:
0 2 3 2
3 3 3 1
4 3 4 2
to this:
0 0 2 3 2
0 3 3 3 1
0 4 3 4 2
and this:
2 3 4 3
2 3 3 5
5 4 1 2
to this:
1 2 3 4 3
1 2 3 3 5
1 5 4 1 2
in a loop?
I tried the following without any success:
#!/bin/bash
path=/prosjekt/tvs/QSexpt1_16K
jj=0
for file in "$path"/*.lsf;
do
awk '{$1=$(($jj)); print}' $file >> qq.txt
$jj=$(($jj+1))
done
Try this:
#!/bin/bash
path=/prosjekt/tvs/QSexpt1_16K
jj=0;
for file in "$path"/*.lsf; do
awk "{printf \"$jj\"; print}" "$file" >> qq.txt
jj=$(($jj+1))
done;
Problems in your try were: $jj=$(($jj+1)) - you need to assign variable without $; bash variable won't expand into ''.
I would appreciate some help with an awk script, or whatever would do the job.
So, I've got multiple files (the same amount of lines and columns) and I want to do an average of every number in every column (except the first) from all the files. I have got no idea how many columns there are in a file (though i could probably get the number if needed).
filename.1
1 1 2 3 4
2 3 4 5 6
3 2 3 5 6
filename.2
1 3 4 6 6
2 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 7 8
output
1 2 3 5 5
2 4 5 6 7
3 3 4 6 7
I've found this somewhere on here that does it for a single column (as far as I understand it
awk '{a[FNR]+=$2;b[FNR]++;}END{for(i=1;i<=FNR;i++)print i,a[i]/b[i];}' fort.*
So the only? change would be to replace the +=$2 with a cycle over all columns? Is there a way to do that without knowing the exact number of columns?
Thanks.
$ cat tst.awk
{
key[FNR] = $1
for (colNr=2; colNr<=NF; colNr++) {
sum[FNR,colNr] += $colNr
}
}
END {
for (rowNr=1; rowNr<=FNR; rowNr++) {
printf "%s%s", key[rowNr], OFS
for (colNr=2; colNr<=NF; colNr++) {
printf "%s%s", int(sum[rowNr,colNr]/ARGIND+0.5), (colNr<NF ? OFS : ORS)
}
}
}
$ awk -f tst.awk file1 file2
1 2 3 5 5
2 4 5 6 7
3 3 4 6 7
The above uses GNU awk for ARGIND, with other awks just add a line FNR==1{ARGIND++} at the start.
How do I findout missing number from two sequence using bash script
from example I have file which contain following data
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 5
2 1
2 3
2 5
output : missing numbers are
1 4
2 2
2 4
This awk one-liner gives the requested output for the specified input:
$ awk '$2!=l2+1&&$1==l1{for(i=l2+1;i<$2;i++)print l1,i}{l1=$1;l2=$2}' file
1 4
2 2
2 4
a solution using grep:
printf "%s\n" {1..2}" "{1..5} | grep -vf file
I am searching a file for a pattern and would like to limit the output so that it does not display the whole line, but a match surrounded by a few words, so I can see the context. The lines are too long to comfortably view the whole line in the output. I'm looking for a solution with grep, awk, and/or sed. grep has -o option, and it might be possible to use that if I have the right regular expression for that.
As an extra feature, it would be nice if the solution would optionally support grep's line number feature, so that line numbers could be printed along with the output when desired.
UPDATE:
Here is a test file:
1 2 3 4 5 abc 1 2 3 4
abc
1 2 abc
abc 1
1 abc 1
1 2 3 abc 1 2 3
1 2 3 4 abc 1
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3
1
SOLUTION:
Changing the number of minimum words to zero, so that we do not miss matches of keyword not surrounded by any words:
egrep -no '(\w+ ){0,3}keyword( \w+){0,2}' file
Example:
egrep -no '(\w+ ){0,3}abc( \w+){0,2}' test.txt
Output:
1:3 4 5 abc 1 2
2:abc
3:1 2 abc
4:abc 1
5:1 abc 1
6:1 2 3 abc 1 2
7:2 3 4 abc 1
I believe you're looking for something like:
egrep -no '(\w+ ){1,3}keyword( \w+){1,2}' file
This will print lines containing the word 'keyword' with a line number prefix. It will print up to three words before the match and up to two words after the match.
\w will match any single character classified as a "word" character (alphanumeric or _).
This answer also assumes words a separated by a single space character.
I've been struggling to write a code for extracting every N columns from an input file and write them into output files according to their extracting order.
(My real world case is to extract every 800 columns from a total 24005 columns file starting at column 6, so I need a loop)
In a simpler case below, extracting every 3 columns(fields) from an input file with a start point of the 2nd column.
for example, if the input file looks like:
aa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
bb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
cc 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
dd 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
and I want the output to look like this:
output_file_1:
1 2 3
1 2 3
1 2 3
1 2 3
output_file_2:
4 5 6
4 5 6
4 5 6
4 5 6
output_file_3:
7 8 9
7 8 9
7 8 9
7 8 9
I tried this, but it doesn't work:
awk 'for(i=2;i<=10;i+a) {{printf "%s ",$i};a=3}' <inputfile>
It gave me syntax error and the more I fix the more problems coming out.
I also tried the linux command cut but while I was dealing with large files this seems effortless. And I wonder if cut would do a loop cut of every 3 fields just like the awk.
Can someone please help me with this and give a quick explanation? Thanks in advance.
Actions to be performed by awk on the input data must be included in curled braces, so the reason the awk one-liner you tried results in a syntax error is that the for cycle does not respect this rule. A syntactically correct version will be:
awk '{for(i=2;i<=10;i+a) {printf "%s ",$i};a=3}' <inputfile>
This is syntactically correct (almost, see end of this post.), but does not do what you think.
To separate the output by columns on different files, the best thing is to use awk redirection operator >. This will give you the desired output, given that your input files always has 10 columns:
awk '{ print $2,$3,$4 > "file_1"; print $5,$6,$7 > "file_2"; print $8,$9,$10 > "file_3"}' <inputfile>
mind the " " to specify the filenames.
EDITED: REAL WORLD CASE
If you have to loop along the columns because you have too many of them, you can still use awk (gawk), with two loops: one on the output files and one on the columns per file. This is a possible way:
#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
BEGIN{
CTOT = 24005 # total number of columns, you can use NF as well
DELTA = 800 # columns per file
START = 6 # first useful column
d = CTOT/DELTA # number of output files.
}
{
for ( i = 0 ; i < d ; i++)
{
for ( j = 0 ; j < DELTA ; j++)
{
printf("%f\t",$(START+j+i*DELTA)) > "file_out_"i
}
printf("\n") > "file_out_"i
}
}
I have tried this on the simple input files in your example. It works if CTOT can be divided by DELTA. I assumed you had floats (%f) just change that with what you need.
Let me know.
P.s. going back to your original one-liner, note that the loop is an infinite one, as i is not incremented: i+a must be substituted by i+=a, and a=3 must be inside the inner braces:
awk '{for(i=2;i<=10;i+=a) {printf "%s ",$i;a=3}}' <inputfile>
this evaluates a=3 at every cycle, which is a bit pointless. A better version would thus be:
awk '{for(i=2;i<=10;i+=3) {printf "%s ",$i}}' <inputfile>
Still, this will just print the 2nd, 5th and 8th column of your file, which is not what you wanted.
awk '{ print $2, $3, $4 >"output_file_1";
print $5, $6, $7 >"output_file_2";
print $8, $9, $10 >"output_file_3";
}' input_file
This makes one pass through the input file, which is preferable to multiple passes. Clearly, the code shown only deals with the fixed number of columns (and therefore a fixed number of output files). It can be modified, if necessary, to deal with variable numbers of columns and generating variable file names, etc.
(My real world case is to extract every 800 columns from a total 24005 columns file starting at column 6, so I need a loop)
In that case, you're correct; you need a loop. In fact, you need two loops:
awk 'BEGIN { gap = 800; start = 6; filebase = "output_file_"; }
{
for (i = start; i < start + gap; i++)
{
file = sprintf("%s%d", filebase, i);
for (j = i; j <= NF; j += gap)
printf("%s ", $j) > file;
printf "\n" > file;
}
}' input_file
I demonstrated this to my satisfaction with an input file with 25 columns (numbers 1-25 in the corresponding columns) and gap set to 8 and start set to 2. The output below is the resulting 8 files pasted horizontally.
2 10 18 3 11 19 4 12 20 5 13 21 6 14 22 7 15 23 8 16 24 9 17 25
2 10 18 3 11 19 4 12 20 5 13 21 6 14 22 7 15 23 8 16 24 9 17 25
2 10 18 3 11 19 4 12 20 5 13 21 6 14 22 7 15 23 8 16 24 9 17 25
2 10 18 3 11 19 4 12 20 5 13 21 6 14 22 7 15 23 8 16 24 9 17 25
With GNU awk:
$ awk -v d=3 '{for(i=2;i<NF;i+=d) print gensub("(([^ ]+ +){" i-1 "})(([^ ]+( +|$)){" d "}).*","\\3",""); print "----"}' file
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
----
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
----
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
----
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
----
Just redirect the output to files if desired:
$ awk -v d=3 '{sfx=0; for(i=2;i<NF;i+=d) print gensub("(([^ ]+ +){" i-1 "})(([^ ]+( +|$)){" d "}).*","\\3","") > ("output_file_" ++sfx)}' file
The idea is just to tell gensub() to skip the first few (i-1) fields then print the number of fields you want (d = 3) and ignore the rest (.*). If you're not printing exact multiples of the number of fields you'll need to massage how many fields get printed on the last loop iteration. Do the math...
Here's a version that'd work in any awk. It requires 2 loops and modifies the spaces between fields but it's probably easier to understand:
$ awk -v d=3 '{sfx=0; for(i=2;i<=NF;i+=d) {str=fs=""; for(j=i;j<i+d;j++) {str = str fs $j; fs=" "}; print str > ("output_file_" ++sfx)} }' file
I was successful using the following command line. :) It uses a for loop and pipes the awk program into it's stdin using -f -. The awk program itself is created using bash variable math.
for i in 0 1 2; do
echo "{print \$$((i*3+2)) \" \" \$$((i*3+3)) \" \" \$$((i*3+4))}" \
| awk -f - t.file > "file$((i+1))"
done
Update: After the question has updated I tried to hack a script that creates the requested 800-cols-awk script dynamically ( a version according to Jonathan Lefflers answer) and pipe that to awk. Although the scripts looks good (for me ) it produces an awk syntax error. The question is, is this too much for awk or am I missing something? Would really appreciate feedback!
Update: Investigated this and found documentation that says awk has a lot af restrictions. They told to use gawk in this situations. (GNU's awk implementation). I've done that. But still I'll get an syntax error. Still feedback appreciated!
#!/bin/bash
# Note! Although the script's output looks ok (for me)
# it produces an awk syntax error. is this just too much for awk?
# open pipe to stdin of awk
exec 3> >(gawk -f - test.file)
# verify output using cat
#exec 3> >(cat)
echo '{' >&3
# write dynamic script to awk
for i in {0..24005..800} ; do
echo -n " print " >&3
for (( j=$i; j <= $((i+800)); j++ )) ; do
echo -n "\$$j " >&3
if [ $j = 24005 ] ; then
break
fi
done
echo "> \"file$((i/800+1))\";" >&3
done
echo "}"