I have tried different solution for the problem given on the forum but doesn't work for the specified Delimiter %$%, I need to extract one specific column from the file containing 200+ columns.
I tried the following:
awk -F"%$%" '{print $1}' sample.txt > outfile.txt
awk 'gsub("%$%",":")' sample.txt > outfile.txt
The symbol $ is a special character in a regex, so you need to escape it with a \, which is also a special character for the string literal, so it needs to be escaped again.
So, finally we have:
$ cat sample
ghkjlj;lk%$%23e;k32poek%$%eqdje2oijd%$%xrgtdy5h
$ awk -F'%\\$%' '{print $1}' sample
ghkjlj;lk
no matter -F (FS) or gsub(), it expects a regex, you need either use character class or escape those chars with special meaning, like $ in your example.
kent$ awk -F'%[$]%' '{print $1}' <<<"foo%$%bar%$%blah"
foo
If you just want to change the separator, you can do with gsub or using OFS:
kent$ awk -F'%[$]%' -v OFS=":" '$1=$1' <<<"foo%$%bar%$%blah"
foo:bar:blah
kent$ awk 'gsub(/%[$]%/,":")+1' <<<"foo%$%bar%$%blah"
foo:bar:blah
Related
I have CSV columns that I'm working with:
info,example-string,super-example-string,otherinfo
I would like to get:
example-string super example string
Right now, I'm running the following command:
awk -F ',' '{print $3}' | sed "s/-//g"
But, then I have to paste the lines together to combine $2 and $3.
Is there anyway to do something like this?
awk -F ',' '{print $2" "$3}' | sed "s/-//g"
Except, where the sed command is only performed on $3 and $2 stays in place? I'm just concerned later on if the lines don't match up, the data could be misaligned.
Please note: I need to keep the pipe for the SED command. I just used a simple example but I end up running a lot of commands after that as well.
Try:
$ awk -F, '{gsub(/-/," ",$3); print $2,$3}' file
example-string super example string
How it works
-F,
This tells awk to use a comma as the field separator.
gsub(/-/," ",$3)
This replaces all - in field 3 with spaces.
print $2,$3
This prints fields 2 and 3.
Examples using pipelines
$ echo 'info,example-string,super-example-string,otherinfo' | awk -F, '{gsub(/-/," ",$3); print $2,$3}'
example-string super example string
In a pipeline with sed:
$ echo 'info,example-string,super-example-string,otherinfo' | awk -F, '{gsub(/-/," ",$3); print $2,$3}' | sed 's/string/String/g'
example-String super example String
Though best solution will be either use a single sed or use single awk. Since you have requested to use awk and sed solution so providing this. Also considering your actual data will be same as shown sample Input_file.
awk -F, '{print $2,$3}' Input_file | sed 's/\([^ ]*\)\([^-]*\)-\([^-]*\)-\([^-]*\)/\1 \2 \3 \4/'
Output will be as follows.
example-string super example string
I'm trying to take a column and pipe it through an echo command. If possible, I would like to keep it in one line or do this as efficiently as possible. While researching, I found that I have to use single quotes to expand the variable and to escape the double quotes.
Here's what I was trying:
awk -F ',' '{print $2}' file1.txt | while read line; do echo "<href=\"'${i}'\">'${i}'</a>"; done
But, I keep getting the number of lines than the single line's output. If you know how to caputure each line in field 4, that would be so helpful.
File1.txt:
Hello,http://example1.com
Hello,http://example2.com
Hello,http://example3.com
Desired output:
<href="http://example1.com">http://example1.com</a>
<href="http://example2.com">http://example2.com</a>
<href="http://example3.com">http://example3.com</a>
$ awk -F, '{printf "<href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n", $2, $2}' file
<href="http://example1.com">http://example1.com</a>
<href="http://example2.com">http://example2.com</a>
<href="http://example3.com">http://example3.com</a>
Or slightly briefer but less robustly:
$ sed 's/.*,\(.*\)/<href="\1">\1<\/a>/' file
<href="http://example1.com">http://example1.com</a>
<href="http://example2.com">http://example2.com</a>
<href="http://example3.com">http://example3.com</a>
I was given this question during an interview. I said I could do it with java or python like xreadlines() function to traverse the whole file and fetch the column, but the interviewer wanted me to just use linux cmd. How can I achieve that?
You can use the command awk. Below is an example of printing out the second column of a file:
awk -F, '{print $2}' file.txt
And to store it, you redirect it into a file:
awk -F, '{print $2}' file.txt > output.txt
You can use cut:
cut -d, -f2 /path/to/csv/file
I'd add to Andreas answer, but can't comment yet.
With csv, you have to give awk a field seperator argument, or it will define fields bound by whitespace instead of commas. (Obviously, csv that uses a different field seperator will need a different character to be declared.)
awk -F, '{print $2}' file.txt
I have the file delimit by comma (,)
word1,word2,word3,word4
word80,word81,word82
This is what I want
word1,word2
word80,word81
So, I need only two words per line and I don't care the rest including second comma (,)
word3 word4 word82 can be delete OR In easy way, deleting the line with condition; having comma more than one
:%s/^\([^,]+,[^,]+\),.*$/\1/
You don't need to do it in vi, though two other solutions are
awk -F, '{print $1 "," $2}'
and
cut -d, -f1-2
Wow, there are so many ways... Here's something using sed:
$ sed 's/\(^[^,][^,]*,[^,][^,]*\).*/\1/' $file_name
What about the first and last? With awk:
$ awk '{print $1 "," $NF}` $file_name
$ cat input | cut -d, -f1,2
word1,word2
word80,word81
You didn't specify language, since you flagged it as bash, i used it.
I have a file with the following layout:
123,01-08-2006
124,01-09-2007
125,01-10-2009
126,01-12-2010
How can I convert it into the following by using AWK?
123,2006-08-01
124,2007-09-01
125,2009-10-01
126,2009-12-01
Didn't read the question properly the first time. You need a field separator that can be either a dash or a comma. Once you have that you can use the dash as an output field separator (as it's the most common) and fake the comma using concatenation:
awk -F',|-' 'OFS="-" {print $1 "," $4,$3,$2}' file
Pure awk
awk -F"," '{ n=split($2,b,"-");$2=b[3]"-"b[2]"-"b[1];$i=$1","$2 } 1' file
sed
sed -r 's/(^.[^,]*,)([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{4})/\1\4-\3-\2/' file
sed 's/\(^.[^,]*,\)\([0-9][0-9]\)-\([0-9][0-9]\)-\([0-9]\+\)/\1\4-\3-\2/' file
Bash
#!/bin/bash
while IFS="," read -r a b
do
IFS="-"
set -- $b
echo "$a,$3-$2-$1"
done <"file"
Unfortunately, I think standard awk only allows one field separator character so you'll have to pre-process the data. You can do this with tr but if you really want an awk-only solution, use:
pax> echo '123,01-08-2006
124,01-09-2007
125,01-10-2009
126,01-12-2010' | awk -F, '{print $1"-"$2}' | awk -F- '{print $1","$4"-"$3"-"$2}'
This outputs:
123,2006-08-01
124,2007-09-01
125,2009-10-01
126,2010-12-01
as desired.
The first awk changes the , characters to - so that you have four fields separated with the same character (this is the bit I'd usually use tr ',' '-' for).
The second awk prints them out in the order you specified, correcting the field separators at the same time.
If you're using an awk implementation that allows multiple FS characters, you can use something like:
gawk -F ',|-' '{print $1","$4"-"$3"-"$2}'
If it doesn't need to be awk, you could use Perl too:
$ perl -nle 'print "$1,$4-$3-$2" while (/(\d{3}),(\d{2})-(\d{2})-(\d{4})\s*/g)' < file.txt